Exam 3- Epidemic Simulation Flashcards
studies the causes, occurrence, transmission and prevention of diseases in a population
epidemiology
a small cluster of sickness or disease in a localized area
outbreak
a cluster of sickness or disease that spreads through a population over time
epidemic
what are the routes in which pathogens can be introduced into the body
air, water, food, vectors, and fomites
what are the ways epidemics can be propagated
direct contact, airborne, fecal-oral, and droplet
the number of new cases being reported in a time period
incidence
what is the equation for incidence rate
(# of new cases in a time period) / (size of population at a specific time) x 10
the number of people who are sick at any given time; burden of disease
prevalence
what is the equation for prevalence
(# of existing cases in a time period) / (size of population at a specific time) x10
if a disease lasts one week, who would you include in the numerator value of the prevalence equation
all the sick people from the previous week as well as the current sick people
the longer the duration of the disease, the _________ the prevalence will remain
higher
what is an index case
first patient or patients
objects or materials which are likely to carry infection, such as clothes, utensils, and furniture
fomite
carrier of a disease-causing agent from an infected individual to a non-infected individual or its food or environment
vector
what does mmwr stand for
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
