Exam 3 D2 Porcine Stress Syndrome

Question 1

what is Porcine Stress Syndrome also called?

Answer 1

malignant hyperthermia

Question 2

what is Porcine Stress Syndrome?

Answer 2

a condition in pigs, brought on by stress or exercise

Question 3

what does Porcine Stress Syndrome result from?

Answer 3

an autosomal recessive gene that codes for the ryanodine receptor in the SR of skeletal muscles; as a result, Ca2+ release from the SR is poorly controlled during stimulation of muscle to contract; this results in over-stimulation

Question 4

what is PSS a malfunction of in some ways?

Answer 4

the Sympathetic Mass Discharge; when the pig is under stress, the Sympathetic NS will fire (overstimulation of the beta-2 adrenergic receptors), but in the case of PSS, the response is not a coordinated preparation for bust exercise. Rather, the muscles will spasm in an uncontrolled fashion

Question 5

what is the mechanism that occurs during PSS?

Answer 5

glycogen is broken down into glucose, fueling skeletal muscle and resulting in strong contractions. ATP is used up quickly. This generates a lot of metabolic heat and lactic acid, which tends to “cook” (break down) the muscle, making it pink and slushy

Question 6

which muscle type is more affected by PSS?

Answer 6

white muscle (glycolytic) is much more affected than red muscle (slow phasic)

Question 7

what does PSS look like?

Answer 7

the skin shows red and blanched areas, due to alterations in blood flow

Question 8

what are blood levels of epinephrine at in PSS?

Answer 8

up to 3 times normal

Question 9

what occurs during PSS to the animal?

Answer 9

the animal’s internal temperature rises quickly, and if it doesn’t die from hyperthermia, it goes into shock when the ATP is used up and the internal temperature drops quickly and the animal goes into hypothermia

Question 10

how can you save an animal with PSS from dying?

Answer 10

animal has to be quieted immediately or it will go into shock and die