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Principles of Anesthesia I - Summer 24 > Exam 3 - Compressed Gases & Vaporizers (Kane) > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Compressed Gases & Vaporizers (Kane) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a primary source of compressed gas?

A
  • wall pipeline source of gas
  • transporting on O2 tank
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2
Q

When do we use an emergency source of compressed gas?

A
  • if pipeline fails & there is no pipeline pressure
  • ex: the tank on the back of the machine
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3
Q

What is the color for O2?

A

Green

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4
Q

What is the color for Air?

A

Yellow

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5
Q

What is the color for nitrous?

A

Blue

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6
Q

What is psi?

A

pounds per square inch

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7
Q

What is a non-liquified gas?

A
  • gas that does not liquify @ ordinary ambient temperature
  • regardless of pressure applied
  • ex: Oxygen, air, helium
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8
Q

What is a liquified gas?

A
  • gas that becomes liquid to a large extent in containers @ ambient temp and at pressure from 25-1500 psi
  • ex: nitrous oxide, CO2
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9
Q

What does the FDA oversee?

A
  • purity of tanks
  • they can only have a minute amount of dust/gunk per sq. inch
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10
Q

What does the DOT do?

A
  • defines marking, labeling, storage handling
  • the info that has to be on the tank
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11
Q

What does the Department of Labor/OSHA do?

A
  • they deal w/ employee safety
  • they get involved if there is an injury (tank exploding when knocked over)
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12
Q

Cylinder Components

Body:
1) what is it made out of?
2) how is the base shaped?
3) what is the top called?

A
  • long part that holds all the gas
  • made out of steel, steel carbon fiber, aluminum
  • flat/concave bases (inny belly button)
  • neck - screw threads for yoke hanger to be screwed on
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12
Q

What does the National Fire Protection Association do?

A
  • O2 is flammable & supports combustion
  • does not cause it
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13
Q

Cylinder components

When would an aluminum cylinder be used?

A
  • in magnet rooms
  • MRI, cath lab, etc.
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14
Q

Cylinder Components

Check Valve:
1) where is it attached?
2) what is it made of?
3) what does it do?

A
  • attached to the neck
  • made of bronze or brass
  • allows refilling & discharge of gas
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15
Q

Cylinder Components

What is the handle?

A
  • it opens/closes the cylinder
  • should be on EVERY cylinder - needed for emergencies
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16
Q

Cylinder Components

What is the pressure relief device (safety relief)?

A
  • vents the cylinder contents to atmosphere if pressure increases to dangerous levels inside of the cylinder
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17
Q

Cylinder components

What are the 3 methods the pressure relief device works?

A
  • disc that bursts & allows compressed gas to be vented
  • fusible plug melts & allows excess pressure to go out
  • spring-like valve opens or or a valve that has pressure underneath it opens & allows excess pressure out
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18
Q

What does the Pin Index Safety System (PISS) prevent?

A
  • prevents crossover of the wrong cable/tank to the wrong pins/hanger
  • ex: same pins for O2, nitrous, air tank
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19
Q

PISS

Where are the holes and pins?

A
  • holes: on the cylinder valve positioned in an arc below the outlet port
  • pins: on the yoke or pressure regulator are positioned to fit into these holes
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20
Q

Cylinder Size

“a”

A

smallest ones
* used at grocery stores

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21
Q

Cylinder size

“E”

A
  • most commonly used on anesthesia machines
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22
Q

Cylinder Size

“D”

A
  • used for transport - skinnier & longer
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23
Q

Cylinder Size

“H/G”

A
  • used for refilling other smaller tanks
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24
Q

What is the pressure from the cylinder to the machine?

A
  • 45 psi - decreased from 55 psi
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25
Q

The tanks on the back of the machine must remain ________.

A
  • closed
26
Q

What 3 things can we do when the wall pressure fails?

A
  • decrease FiO2
  • get more tanks
  • fix the wall pressure
27
Q

Contents of the tank vs. pressure in the tank

Non-liquifed gases:
What happens w/ pressure and volume?

A
  • O2, air
  • when pressure decreases – volume decreases
28
Q

What is the typical pressure & volume in a full O2 tank?

A
  • 1900-2000 psi
  • 600L
29
Q

Non-liquified gas

What is the pressure and volume in a half-full tank?

A
  • 950 psi
  • 330L
30
Q

Non-liquified gas

What is the pressure and volume in a 1/4 full tank?

A
  • 475 psi
  • 165L
31
Q

With a liquified gas (N2O) - what does the pressure depend on?

A

Vapor pressure
not an indication of remaining volume

32
Q

Liquified Gas

What is N2O pressure in a full, half-full, and when there is no liquid remaining?

A
  • 745 psi
33
Q

What 5 things does the DOT regulate for cylinders?

A
  1. Service pressure
  2. Test date
  3. Diamond shaped label indicating hazard of gas
  4. Name & Address of manufacturer
  5. Expiration date of contents
34
Q

Cylinder Standards

Valves, regulators, & gauges should never come into contact with ________, ________, or ________.

Why?

A
  • oils, greases, or lubricants
  • they are combustible
35
Q

Cylinder Standards

Cylinders should never be subject to temps above ________.

A
  • 54 C (130F)
  • volatile little bishes when we are hot
36
Q

Cylinder Standards

The ________ should always be tight.
Why?

A
  • connections
  • don’t want stuff leaking to atmosphere (wasteful)
37
Q

Cylinder Standards

Never cross use ________, ________, or ________.

A
  • hoses, regulators, or gauges
38
Q

Cylinder Standards

What should not be altered?

A

markings, lables

39
Q

Cylinder Standards

How should cylinders be physically handled?

A
  • do not drag, drop, or slide
  • properly secure to prevent fall (hanger yoke, carrier, basket)
40
Q

Cylinder Standards

Should the valve be kept open or closed?

A
  • closed - so we don’t lose O2
41
Q

What 6 things are important to have in storage rooms for cylinders?

A
  1. adequate ventilation
  2. sign: “no smoking, no combustibles”
  3. not exposed to corrosive chemicals, fumes
  4. stored upright in bins
  5. full cylinders kept separate from empty
  6. no wrapping/drapes around cylinders
42
Q

use of cylinders

What 4 things should we visually inspect before using a cylinder?

A
  1. look @ tank - no dents, grease
  2. label, pin index, holes, valve outlet inspected
  3. tamper seal removed
  4. need 1 washer in place
43
Q

Use of Cylinders

When do we open the valve to the cylinder?

A
  • in the hallway, before exposed to pt or OR
  • face valve outlet away from people!
  • open slowly
44
Q

Use of cylinders

We need to check the ________ ________ before use.

A
  • service pressure (full/empty)
45
Q

Use of Cylinders

What 3 things should we do if there is a leak w/ the cylinder?

A
  1. screw the screws on better
  2. adjust the washer
  3. could be faulty hanger yoke/cable - get another
46
Q

What are the pipeline systems used for?

A
  • to deliver non-flammable gases (O2, air, nitrous) to anesthetizing locations and other pt care areas
  • ex: OR, PACU, pre-op, ER, pt rooms, x-ray
47
Q

What are the 3 main systems/pieces to the pipeline system?

A
  1. Central Supply
  2. Piping: received @ 50psi
  3. Terminal units: maintains ~50% psi
48
Q

Pipeline Systems

Where is the central supply located?

A
  • outdoors in enclosure
  • indoors in secure area
49
Q

Pipeline Systems

What is the central supply?

A
  • bank of O2/air tanks that must contain at least 2 days supply for entire hospital
  • can have primary & secondary locations
50
Q

Pipeline Systems

Oxygen supply source - gaseous supply

A
  • G & H cylinders & much bigger ones
  • refilled on site (look like water tanks) or transported
51
Q

Pipeline Systems

Oxygen supply source - Liquid supply

A

less expensive & more convenient to store
* refilled from supply trucks
* no interruption to service
* take up less space (more in liquid form)

52
Q

Pipeline System

Classes of piping: What is the piping?

A
  • takes the gas from the CS (tank in parking lot) to the hospital
53
Q

Pipeline System

Classes of piping: What are the main lines?

A
  • connect CS gas sources to risers
  • main lines are horizontal
54
Q

Pipeline Systems

Classes of Piping: What are the risers?

A
  • vertical pipes
  • connect main line w/ branch lines on each level of the facility
55
Q

Pipeline Systems

Classes of Piping: What are the branches?

A
  • sections supplying a room or group of rooms on one level of the facility
  • horizontal out to the places
56
Q

Pipeline Systems:

What are the terminal units?

A
  • wall unit @ HOB in ICU/OR where we plug the machine in
  • color coded w/ flat plate
  • uses “DISS” - diameter index safety system OR quick connects
  • the nipple & nut vary in bore & diameter
  • prevents cross-linking (awareness & hypoxia)
57
Q

What are the quick connectors?

A
  • wall, ceiling-mounted, or ceiling column outlets
  • allow connection w/ one or both hands w/o tools
  • more convenient, leak more
58
Q

What are the shut-off valves?

A
  • valves that allow specific areas of the piping system to be isolated for problems/maintenance
  • ex: occlusion, O2 runs out, needs worked on
59
Q

Shut-off valves

Where do shut-off valves need to be located?

Where can we shut them off at?

A
  • located in specific places from beginning of tank to end terminal
  • can shut off @ main line, risers, individual OR levels
60
Q

When do area alarm systems go off?

A
  • if pressure increases/decreases 20% from normal line pressure
61
Q

What 2 things must the area alarm system have?

A
  • audible & visual alarm
  • must be labeled for gas & area
62
Q

What areas are notified when an area alarm system goes off?

A
  • maintenance
  • engineering
  • the affected unit
63
Q
A

Principles of Anesthesia I - Summer 24 (15 decks)

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