exam 3 (chapter 4-5.2)

Question 1

what is a homogenous mixture?

Answer 1

mixture of two or more substances

Question 2

what is a solvent ?

Answer 2

what does the dissolving

Question 3

what is a solute?

Answer 3

what gets dissolved

Question 4

What is a electrolyte ?

Answer 4

something that dissociates into ions in solution

ionic compounds

Question 5

what happens when a compoud dissociates?

Answer 5

NaCl—-> Na+ + Cl-
when a compound breaks apart

Question 6

What is a nonelectrolyte?

Answer 6

will not break into ions

molecular compounds

Question 7

what does a solution have to do to conduct?

Answer 7

must contain ions to carry the current

Question 8

100% dissociate ?

Answer 8

strong electrolytes

Question 9

less than 100 % dissociate ?

Answer 9

weak electrolytes

Question 10

what are the 3 catergoreis of a strong electrolyte?

Answer 10

1. is one of the 7 strong acids
2. strong base
3. any ionic compound

Question 11

strong electrolytes

1. what are the 7 strong acids ?

Answer 11

HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
HCLO3
HCLO4
H2SO4

Question 12

strong electrolytes

2. what is a strong base ?

Answer 12

Alkali metal Hydroxide
Heavy alkaline earth metal hydroxide (Sr, Ca, Ba)

Question 13

strong electrolytes

what is an ionic compound?

also called a SALT

Answer 13

metal + non-metal that is not an acid (H in front) or a base (OH on the back)

all salts are strong

Question 14

what is a precipitation reaction ?

Answer 14

produces a precipitate–
insoluble solid that settles our in solution

Question 15

what is a metathesis or exchange reaction?

Answer 15

AX + BY –> AY + BX
they require a driving force

Question 16

what are the 3 driving forces for a metathesis reaction ?

Answer 16

1. Precipitate forms
2. gas is produced
3. soluble weak or nonelectrolyte

Question 17

metathesis driving forces

1. what is a perciptate?

Answer 17

insoluble solid that settles out in solution

Question 18

metathesis driving force

2. what are the gases that are usually produced ?

Answer 18

CO2
H2S
H2
N2
O2

Question 19

metathesis driving force

3. what is the most common soluble weak or nonelectrolyte ?

Answer 19

H2O

95% of the time it will be water

Question 20

what is a neuralization reaction ?

Answer 20

is a special case of metathesis were
Acid + Base —> salt + water

Question 21

what will the PH for a neutralization reaction be when it is complete ?

Answer 21

7

Question 22

what is oxidation ?

Answer 22

loss of electrons (has been oxidized)

Question 23

what is a reduction?

Answer 23

Gain of electrons (has been reduced)

Question 24

what is molarity ?

Answer 24

Molarity= moles of solute DIVIDED BY L of solution

Question 25

what is the formula for Dilutions ?

Answer 25

M1V1= M2V2

Question 26

how many ML are in a L

Answer 26

1000

Question 27

How many grams are in a kilogram?

Answer 27

1000g = 1 Kg

Question 28

How do you find kinetic energy?

Answer 28

Ek=1/2mv^2

Question 29

what units does velocity have to be in the kinetic formula?

Answer 29

m/s

Question 30

what units does mass need to be in the kinetic formula?

Answer 30

kg

Question 31

what is an endothermic process?

Answer 31

absorbs heat from surroundings + feels cold to the touch

Question 32

what is an exothermic process?

Answer 32

transfers heat from surroundings + feels hot to the touch

Question 33

what is the 1st law of thermodynamics?

Answer 33

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed | Energy lost by the system must be gained by the surroundings

Question 34

A "kg m^2/s^2" is the same as a what ?

Answer 34

Joule

Question 35

how many joules is in 1 cal

Answer 35

4.184

Question 36

what is the equation for work?

Answer 36

Force times Distance w= Fxd

Question 37

what is energy ?

Answer 37

the ability/capacity to do work or transfer heat