exam 3 - chap 8 Flashcards
——-, in which the bones become brittle, fragile, and thin, is often caused by a lack of calcium in the diet
osteoporosis
ate age 45, david began noticing that he had a harder time hearing high-pitched sounds, he is probably experiencing….
presbycusis
menopause is defined as the cessation of
menstruation
compared to women, men in middle adulthood are more likely to experience….
more serious, life-threatening illnesses
five years after being diagnosed with cancer, approximately – percent of people are still alive
40
the ability to rely on accumulated experience to help solve problems, such as solving a crossword puzzle, is called ——- intelligence
crystallized
the process by which people in middle adulthood concentrate on particular skill areas to compensate for declines in other areas is called….
selective optimization
in contrast to beginners, experts tend to …
process information automatically without conscious thought
TRUE or FALSE:
sensory and short-term memory hold steady, but long-term memory declines slightly
TRUE
organized bodies of information stored in memory that help people categorize and interpret new information are called…
schemas
the view that personality develops in fairly universal stages, tied to a sequence of age-related crisis, is known as the……
normative-crisis model
which developmentalist, reacting to Erikson’s views, identified seven stages through which people pass, including an urgent need in middle adulthoood to achieve one’s life goals before the end?
Roger Gould
the “big five” personality traits are important to developmentalists because they represent…
clusters of highly stable personality characteristics in adults
compared to younger couples entering first marriages, older couples who remarry tend to be more….
flexible and open to compromise
in contrast with younger adults, older adults more often look for ——- in their work
favorable work and pay policies
the virtually universal decline in near vision in middle adulthood is called….
presbyopia
middle-aged drivers have fewer accidents than younger ones. why?
middle-aged drivers have more practice driving than younger ones
which of the following statements about sexuality in middle adulthood is true?
while the frequency of sex decreases slightly, enjoyment and sexual freedom may increase
according to current research, what is a consequence of stress
elevated blood pressure
among causes of death in the United States, cancer ranks number..
2
The use of information processing abillities, reasoning, and memory to solve novel problems is called ——– intelligence
fluid
the acquisition of skill or knowledge in a particular area, which develops with practice, is called….
expertise
the ——- model suggests that it is the particualr events in an adult’s life, rather than age per se, that determines the course of personality development
life events
a person’s level of curiosioty and interest in new experiences is called ——–, one of the “big five” personality traits
openness
Alec is prone to mood swings and anxiety. he is never satisfied with his work and seems constantly unhappy. he is most likely high in which personality?
neuroticism
what has contributed to this rise in the divorce rate among midlife couples?
the social stigma of divorce has lessened
Middle-aged adults who are required to care for children and aging parents simultaneously are labeled as __________.
the sandwhich generation
Alex’s grandparents act as supporters and buddies to Alex, but do not care for him on a regular basis. They would be called __________ grandparents.
companionate
The first stage of spousal abuse is the __________ stage.
tension-building
Spousal abuse is most common in cultures in which __________.
women are believed to be inferior to men
Workers who experience dissatisfaction and disillusionment from their jobs are likely to be suffering from __________.
burnout
Middle-aged people report having more free time than they did several decades ago. How do they perceive this greater free time?
they do not have the sense that they have more free time even though they objectively do
