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Psyc 300: stats > Exam 3 (ch 9-12) > Flashcards

Exam 3 (ch 9-12) Flashcards

1
Q

the assumed or claimed mean of the population

A

μo

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2
Q

the estimate of an unknown population mean

A

μ1

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3
Q

with Null Hypothesis Testing we are

A

comparing

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4
Q

a proposition based on limited evidence

A

hypothesis

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5
Q

a proposition of no difference

A

null hypothesis

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6
Q

also called the hypothesis of equality

A

null hypothesis

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7
Q

a statement of difference

A

alternate hypothesis

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8
Q

only one variable is sampled

A

one sample design

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9
Q

we are comparing our single sample against a known population parameter

A

one sample design

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10
Q

the process that produces abilities that are accurate where the null hypothesis is true

A

null hypothesis significance test

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11
Q

T/F in NHST we always assume the alternate hypothesis is true

A

false

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12
Q

one tail vs two tail significance test: does bud light contain more than 4.2% abv

A

one tail

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13
Q

is the abv of budlight different from the companies claim of 4.2%?

A

two tail

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14
Q

AH will entail a direction to the difference (greater than or less than μo)

A

one tail hypothesis

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15
Q

AH will not entail a direction, just a general difference

A

two tail hypothesis test

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16
Q

T/F: NHST allows one to provide evidence for the alternate hypothesis but not for the null hypothesis

A

true

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17
Q

the sampling distribution is most often a

A

t distribution

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18
Q

probability is chosen as the criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis

A

significance level

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19
Q

probability of a type 1 error

A

alpha

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20
Q

difference (between means) so large that chance is not a plausible explanation for the difference

A

statistically significant

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21
Q

the area on the distribution that is beyond the significance level; “reject the null here”

A

rejection zone

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22
Q

the number from the sampling distribution that determines whether the null is neglected

A

critical value

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23
Q

corresponds to the significance level

A

critical value

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24
Q

rejection of a null hypothesis that is true

A

type 1 error

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25
Q

failure to reject a null hypothesis that actually is false

A

type 2

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26
Q

probability of a type 1 error

A

alpha

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27
Q

probability of a type 2 error

A

beta

28
Q

having a large sample size increases or decreases power

A

increases

29
Q

statistical test of the hypothesis that a sample mean came from a population with a population mean

A

one sample t test

30
Q

t/f: one sample t test does not have access to parameter

A

true

31
Q

in one sample t test if the means are not equal it means

A

that there’s different populations

32
Q

two sample design is usually

A

an experiment

33
Q

one value (or level) of the independent variable

A

treatment

34
Q

a group to which other groups are compared

A

a control group

35
Q

a group that receives treatment in an experiment and whose dependent variable scores are compared to a control group

A

experimental group

36
Q

the measure of how different two things are

A

effect size

37
Q

design in which scores from each group can be logically matched

A

paired-samples design

38
Q

most common paired design

A

repeated measures

39
Q

consists of two samples taken from the sample group

A

repeated measures

40
Q

measured at two different times

A

repeated measures

41
Q

design in which scores from each group can not be logically matched and research has no interest in matching the scores

A

independent samples design

42
Q

a measure of the degree of difference

A

effect size

43
Q

a measure of effect size for regression and correlation

A

R squared

44
Q

a measure of effect size for the difference between two means

A

Cohen’s d

45
Q

the resulting number is expressed in standard deviation units

A

cohen’s d

46
Q

allows you to test for differences between more than two groups

A

anova

47
Q

an inferential stat that compares means, compares variances and assessing interactions

A

analysis of variance

48
Q

a NHST that allows one to test for differences between 2 or more groups with one independent variable

A

one way NOVA

49
Q

using multiple t test would increase what?

A

type 1 error

50
Q

theoretical distribution of F values

A

F distribution

51
Q

what are F values?

A

they come from the F ratio

52
Q

a ratio of variance

A

f value

53
Q

the resulting number for the F ratio is the

A

F value or F stat

54
Q

deviation of data and the mean

A

variance

55
Q

the numerator for the F ratio consists of

A

the variance between two groups

56
Q

for the F ratio, the denominator consists of variance within each group called

A

error term

57
Q

when the F ratio is much larger than 1 (3 or greater) the null is

A

false

58
Q

when the F ratio is near 1 the null hypothesis is

A

true

59
Q

what should we reference to determine if the F ratio is large enough to determine if the null should be rejected

A

F distribution

60
Q

sum of the squared deviations from the mean

A

sum of squares

61
Q

the variance; a sum of squares divided by its degrees of freedom

A

mean square

62
Q

the mean of all scores

A

grand mean

63
Q

NHST of differences among means

A

F test

64
Q

all the numbers in the experiment

A

X total

65
Q

all the numbers from a treatment group

A

X treatment

66
Q

number of treatment in the experiment (same as number of groups)

A

K

67
Q

T/F: we dont know where the significance lies for F test (Where Group H is larger than group C)

A

true

Psyc 300: stats (1 decks)

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