Exam 3: Ch 39 & 40 Flashcards

1
Q

Asterixis

A

involuntary flapping movements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction

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2
Q

Balloon tamponade

A

Use of balloons placed within the esophagus and proximal portion of the stomach and inflated to compress bleeding vessels (esophageal and gastric varices)

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3
Q

Budd-Chiari syndrome

A

Hepatic vein thrombosis resulting in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension

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4
Q

Cirrhosis

A

A chronic liver disease characterized by fibrotic changes and the formation of dense connective tissue within the liver, subsequent degenerative changes, and loss of functioning cells.

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5
Q

Constructional apraxia

A

Inability to draw figures in two or three dimensions

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6
Q

Fetor heapticus

A

Sweet, slightly fecal odor to the breath, presumed to be of intestinal origin; prevalent with the extensive collateral portal circulation in chronic liver disease

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7
Q

Fulminant hepatic failure

A

Sudden, severe onset of acute liver failure that occurs within 8 weeks after the 1st s/s of jaundice

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8
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy

A

Central nervous system dysfunction resulting from liver disease; frequently associated with elevated ammonia levels that produce changes in mental status, altered level of consciousness, and coma

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9
Q

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)

A

Grafting of a donor liver into the normal anatomic location, with removal of the diseased native liver

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10
Q

Portal hypertension

A

Elevated pressure in the portal circulation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and through the liver

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11
Q

Sclerotherapy

A

The injection of substances into or around esophagogastric varices to cause constriction, thickening, and hardening of the vessel and thus to stop bleeding.

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12
Q

Variceal Banding

A

Procedure that involves the endoscopic placement of a rubber band-like device over esophageal varices to ligate the area and stop bleeding.

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13
Q

Xenograft

A

Transplantation of organs from one species to another

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