Exam 3: Ch 39 & 40 Flashcards
Asterixis
involuntary flapping movements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction
Balloon tamponade
Use of balloons placed within the esophagus and proximal portion of the stomach and inflated to compress bleeding vessels (esophageal and gastric varices)
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Hepatic vein thrombosis resulting in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Cirrhosis
A chronic liver disease characterized by fibrotic changes and the formation of dense connective tissue within the liver, subsequent degenerative changes, and loss of functioning cells.
Constructional apraxia
Inability to draw figures in two or three dimensions
Fetor heapticus
Sweet, slightly fecal odor to the breath, presumed to be of intestinal origin; prevalent with the extensive collateral portal circulation in chronic liver disease
Fulminant hepatic failure
Sudden, severe onset of acute liver failure that occurs within 8 weeks after the 1st s/s of jaundice
Hepatic encephalopathy
Central nervous system dysfunction resulting from liver disease; frequently associated with elevated ammonia levels that produce changes in mental status, altered level of consciousness, and coma
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)
Grafting of a donor liver into the normal anatomic location, with removal of the diseased native liver
Portal hypertension
Elevated pressure in the portal circulation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and through the liver
Sclerotherapy
The injection of substances into or around esophagogastric varices to cause constriction, thickening, and hardening of the vessel and thus to stop bleeding.
Variceal Banding
Procedure that involves the endoscopic placement of a rubber band-like device over esophageal varices to ligate the area and stop bleeding.
Xenograft
Transplantation of organs from one species to another
