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Marcus HA S24 > Exam 3 Blood products > Flashcards

Exam 3 Blood products Flashcards

1
Q

1 unit PRBC will raise the Hgb by?

A

1 g/dL

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2
Q

What 2 Hgb will cause issues?

A

Hgb Bart’s & Hgb H (beta & alpha thalassemia)

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3
Q

What is the most common RH factor?

A

Rh+

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4
Q

What will cause a right shift in the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

A
  • Low pH
  • Increased CO2
  • increased temp
  • increased 2,3DPG
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5
Q

What serum antibody is present in type O blood?

A
  • Anti-A & B. ]
  • No antigen on erythrocyte
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6
Q

Type A donor blood will cause a reaction in someone with what blood type?

A

B & O

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7
Q

What is added to store blood?

A

Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CDPA-1)

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8
Q

Storing blood for longer time does what?

A

Shifts oxyhemoglobin curve to the left, which impairs oxygen delivery

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9
Q

What’s the dose of FFP?

A

10-15 mL/kg

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10
Q

What works well for angioedema?

A

FFP & TXA

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11
Q

What are some uses for FFP?

A
  • If PT or aPTT are >1.5 times mean.
  • DIC.
  • Liver dysfunction.
  • Warfarin reversal.
  • Angioedema
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12
Q

Cryoprecipitate contains?

A

Factors VIII, XIII, Fibrinogen

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13
Q

1 unit of Platelets increases someone’s Plt count by?

A

5-10k

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14
Q

What is the pH of normal saline?

A

5.5

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15
Q

What are the signs of hemolytic transfusion reaction?

A
  • hemoglubinuria
  • Fever
  • chills
  • hemoglobinemia
  • hypotension
  • dyspnea
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16
Q

How is a hemolytic transfusion reaction treated?

A

Treat ARF & DIC

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17
Q

What are the S/S of nonhemolytic transfusion reactions & how is it treated?

A
  • S/S= fever & chills.
  • Treatment= antipyretics, leukocyte reduced products
18
Q

How are noncardiogenic pulmonary transfusion reactions treated?

A

Respiratory support with high PEEP & steroids

19
Q

When do TRALI’s present?

A

Within first 6hrs of transfusion

20
Q

TRALI’s usually occur with what type of product?

A

Plasma components like platelets & FFP

21
Q

What are the S/S of TRALI’s?

A
  • Acute hypoxemia
  • PaO2/FiO2 ratio <300
  • bilateral infiltrates
  • absent Left Atrium hypertension
  • cyanosis
  • hypotension
  • fever
22
Q

What labs are taken with a TRALI?

A
  • CBC
  • edema aspirate fluid
  • CXR
23
Q

What are the S/S of TACO?

A
  • Coughing
  • HTN
  • rales
  • cyanosis
  • orthopnea
  • severe HA
  • peripheral edema
  • difficulty breathing
24
Q

What product contains the most fibrinogen?

A

Cryoprecipitate

25
Q

What needs to be done before transfusing whole blood to a trauma Pt?

A

Determine blood type

26
Q

Calcium is important for which clotting factors?

A

Factors II, VII, IX & X

27
Q

How does hypothermia affect calcium?

A

Leads to decreased ionized calcium

28
Q

Which calcium product is usually preferred & why?

A

Calcium gluconate d/t less likely to cause tissue necrosis if extravasated

29
Q

Which calcium product is preferred in Pt’s with abnormal liver function & why?

A

Calcium chloride because decreased citrate metabolism results in slower release of ionized calcium

30
Q

10% calcium gluconate contains___ of calcium & 10% calcium chloride contains___ of calcium?

A

90mg & 270mg

31
Q

What is the LY30?

A

What happens to the clot over 30mins

32
Q

What is the MA on a TEG?

A

How strong the clot gets

33
Q

What can be given for a low MA on a TEG?

A

FFP, Cryo or Plt

34
Q

What can be given if the LY30 is >3%?

A

TXA

35
Q

What is the R on a TEG?

A

The time it takes for the clot to form

36
Q

What can be given if the R is long (>10)?

A

FFP, Plt, PCC
- R= Reaction time (to initial fibrin formation)

37
Q

What is the K on a TEG?

A

The time from when it starts to be a clot until it is a firm clot

38
Q

What is the normal LY30?

A

0-3%

39
Q

What can be given for a >3 K time on a TEG?

A

Cryoprecipitate

40
Q

What product can be given for an ACT >140?

A

FFP

Marcus HA S24 (11 decks)

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