Exam 3 Blood products Flashcards by Great Oguejiofor

1 unit PRBC will raise the Hgb by?

1 g/dL

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What 2 Hgb will cause issues?

Hgb Bart’s & Hgb H (beta & alpha thalassemia)

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What is the most common RH factor?

Rh+

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What will cause a right shift in the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Low pH
Increased CO2
increased temp
increased 2,3DPG

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What serum antibody is present in type O blood?

Anti-A & B. ]
No antigen on erythrocyte

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Type A donor blood will cause a reaction in someone with what blood type?

B & O

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What is added to store blood?

Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CDPA-1)

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Storing blood for longer time does what?

Shifts oxyhemoglobin curve to the left, which impairs oxygen delivery

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What’s the dose of FFP?

10-15 mL/kg

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What works well for angioedema?

FFP & TXA

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What are some uses for FFP?

If PT or aPTT are >1.5 times mean.
DIC.
Liver dysfunction.
Warfarin reversal.
Angioedema

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Cryoprecipitate contains?

Factors VIII, XIII, Fibrinogen

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1 unit of Platelets increases someone’s Plt count by?

5-10k

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What is the pH of normal saline?

5.5

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What are the signs of hemolytic transfusion reaction?

hemoglubinuria
Fever
chills
hemoglobinemia
hypotension
dyspnea

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How is a hemolytic transfusion reaction treated?

Treat ARF & DIC

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What are the S/S of nonhemolytic transfusion reactions & how is it treated?

S/S= fever & chills.
Treatment= antipyretics, leukocyte reduced products

How are noncardiogenic pulmonary transfusion reactions treated?

Respiratory support with high PEEP & steroids

When do TRALI’s present?

Within first 6hrs of transfusion

TRALI’s usually occur with what type of product?

Plasma components like platelets & FFP

What are the S/S of TRALI’s?

Acute hypoxemia
PaO2/FiO2 ratio <300
bilateral infiltrates
absent Left Atrium hypertension
cyanosis
hypotension
fever

What labs are taken with a TRALI?

CBC
edema aspirate fluid
CXR

What are the S/S of TACO?

Coughing
HTN
rales
cyanosis
orthopnea
severe HA
peripheral edema
difficulty breathing

What product contains the most fibrinogen?

Cryoprecipitate

What needs to be done before transfusing whole blood to a trauma Pt?

Determine blood type

Calcium is important for which clotting factors?

Factors II, VII, IX & X

How does hypothermia affect calcium?

Leads to decreased ionized calcium

Which calcium product is usually preferred & why?

Calcium gluconate d/t less likely to cause tissue necrosis if extravasated

Which calcium product is preferred in Pt’s with abnormal liver function & why?

Calcium chloride because decreased citrate metabolism results in slower release of ionized calcium

10% calcium gluconate contains___ of calcium & 10% calcium chloride contains___ of calcium?

90mg & 270mg

What is the LY30?

What happens to the clot over 30mins

What is the MA on a TEG?

How strong the clot gets

What can be given for a low MA on a TEG?

FFP, Cryo or Plt

What can be given if the LY30 is >3%?

TXA

What is the R on a TEG?

The time it takes for the clot to form

What can be given if the R is long (>10)?

FFP, Plt, PCC - R= Reaction time (to initial fibrin formation)

What is the K on a TEG?

The time from when it starts to be a clot until it is a firm clot

What is the normal LY30?

0-3%

What can be given for a >3 K time on a TEG?

Cryoprecipitate

What product can be given for an ACT >140?

FFP