Exam #3: Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, & Eating Disorders Flashcards
According to the family systems theory, adolescents with anorexia are likely to have families with what type of structural problem?
Enmeshment
For which of the anxiety disorders would an onset in early school age be typical?
Separation Anxiety Disorder or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Remember: OCD has split periods of onset
This type of temperament seems to be particularly predictive of anxiety problems.
Behavioral inhibition or fearful temperament.
According to Susan Harter, if someone places all of their ________ into one aspect of his or her life & then experiences something negative, they are at higher risk for developing depression than someone who distributes their ________ across various facets.
Self-esteem
Adolescent girls may be prone to depression because previous socialization made this typical task of adolescence very difficult to achieve.
Independence
Of the adolescent eating disorders, this one is more likely to be comorbid with substance abuse problems.
Bulimia
Of the adolescent eating disorders, this one is linked to high levels of serotonin.
Anorexia
Of the adolescent eating disorders, this one is linked to lower levels of serotonin.
Bulimia
What percentage of anxiety disorders seem to be due to genetics?
33%
The negative cognitive triad involves thinking negatively about which three entities?
The self, the world, and the future.
What type of behavioral treatment was utilized in the five day intensive program that Lindsey underwent in the “Face Your Fears” video?
Graded Exposure
Episodes of hypomania are characteristic of which of the mood disorders?
BiPolar II and Cyclothymia
This acronym summaries a cognitive-behavioral treatment strategy for bipolar disorder.
RAINBOW
Within the cognitive-behavioral framework for understanding depression as the interactions among thoughts, mood, and behavior, this is the most difficult one with which to intervene.
Mood
Within the cognitive-behavioral framework for understanding depression as the interactions among thoughts, mood, and behavior, _________ __________ is the intervention of behavior.
Behavioral activation
Within the cognitive-behavioral framework for understanding depression as the interactions among thoughts, mood, and behavior, _________ __________ is the intervention of thoughts.
Cognitive restructuring
For this disorder, it is required that depressive symptoms be present most days for at least one year.
Dysthymia
This is the number of physical symptoms required for children to display for a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
One
This type of exposure is very effective, but often found to be very aversive by anxious children because they face their greatest fears right away at maximum intensity.
Flooding
Having an anxious adolescent run in place to get his or her heart rate up to simulate panic is an example of what type of exposure?
Introspective
Interoceptive exposure is the exposure to physical symptoms.
To fit the criteria for anorexia, the individual must weigh below what percentage of their expected weight?
85%
A depressed child is likely to make what three types of attributions for failures?
Internal, stable, and global
A child who is not depressed is likely to make what three types of attributions for failure?
External, unstable, and specific
Interoceptive exposure is the exposure to ___________ ___________.
Physical symptoms
Children who suffer from dysthymia are unhappy and irritable most of the time, these children also display at least two ________ symptoms (e.g., eating problems, sleep disturbances, low energy) or ________ symptoms (e.g., lack of concentration, low self-esteem).
Children with dysthymia must display at least two somatic or cognitive symptoms, in addition to a chronic depressed mood.
True or False: Although the symptoms of dysthymia are chronic, they are less severe than those for children with MDD.
True
Children with ________ are characterized by poor emotion regulation, which includes constant feelings of sadness, feelings of being unloved and forlorn, self-deprecation, low self-esteem, anxiety, irritability, anger, and temper tantrums.
Dysthymia
Some children with dysthymia may experience __________ __________, where a major depressive episode is superimposed on the child’s previous dysthymia, causing the child to present with both disorders.
Double depression
Stella is terrified of being separated from her mother. She follows her around the house constantly, always needing to know where she is. What type of disorder might Stella have?
Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
Anderson “worries about everything”–how he is doing in school, events in the news, and family finances. What type of disorder might Anderson have?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Addison is very preoccupied with what others think of her. She doesn’t interact with anyone at school, and feels completely isolated. What type of disorder might Addison have?
Social Anxiety
Isabella can’t stop thinking about not being able to sleep. Every night before bedtime she goes through the same routine of counting and grouping all the clothes and shoes in her bedroom closet and opening and closing the closet door. What type of disorder might Isabella have?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
_____________ is characterized by excessive worry regarding separation from home or parents. Youth may show signs of distress and physical complaints upon separation, experience unrealistic worries about harm to self or others when separated, and display an unwillingness to be alone.
Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
_____________ is characterized by ongoing and excessive worry about many events and activities. Youth may worry about their grades in school, their relations with peers, and their own or others’ safety. They may constantly seek comfort or approval from others to help reduce their worry.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
___________ is characterized by severe and unreasonable fears of bring embarrassed or humiliated when doing something in front of peers or adults.
Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder)
___________ is characterized by severe and unreasonable fears of a specific object or situation, for example, dogs, spiders, darkness, or riding on a bus.
Specific Phobia
_____________ is characterized by a recurrent and severe thoughts and behaviors that are distressing, time consuming, and intrusive.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
What are some of the common obsessions of people with OCD?
Thoughts about contamination, ongoing doubts, and aggressive or upsetting impulses.
What are some of the common compulsions of people with OCD?
Repetitive washing, checking, or touching.
__________ is an adaptive emotion that prepares youngsters to cope with potentially threatening people, objects, or events. Strong negative emotions, physical tension, and apprehensive anticipation of future danger or misfortune characterize it.
Anxiety
Unlike most disorders of childhood and adolescence, the causes of major eating disorders seems to be disproportionately related to ____________ influences, rather than psychological and biological influences.
Sociocultural
True or False: Feeding and eating problems are a normal part of development for most children as they learn through gradual approximations.
True
Disturbed _________ ___________ describe a person’s belief that cultural standards for attractiveness, body image,and social acceptance are closely tied to one’s ability to control diet and weight gain.
Eating attitudes
Why does dieting sometimes lead to overeating?
Decreasing caloric intake reduces a person’s metabolic rate, which allows fat to remain in the cells, so weight loss is in fact impeded. This failure to lose weight sets the stage for a vicious cycle of increased commitment to dieting and vulnerability to binge eating. Psychological consequences also contribute to this cycle by creating what some researchers call the “false hope syndrome.”
What is the “false hope syndrome”?
The “false hope syndrome” is when an initial commitment to change one’s appearance leads to short term improvements in mood and self-image, but this hope declines as feelings of failure and loss of control increase. Loss of control may lead to binge eating, and purging is seen as a way to counteract that perceived effect of binge eating on weight gain.
What are some examples of somatic symptoms?
Eating problems, sleep disturbances, and low energy
What are some examples of cognitive symptoms?
Lack of concentration, low self-esteem
How do the symptoms of a child with dysthymia compare to the symptoms of a child with MDD?
Although the symptoms of dysthymia are chronic, they are less severe than those for children with MDD.
Define anxiety.
Anxiety is an adaptive emotion that prepares youngsters to cope with potentially threatening people, objects, or events. Strong negative emotions, physical tension, and apprehensive anticipation of future danger or misfortune characterize it.
