Exam 3

Question 1

Rotavirus

Answer 1

children with:

• low grade fever
• vomiting, diarrhea/watery stools
• still eating and drinking well

Question 2

S/S of Heartburn and Reflex for several weeks

Answer 2

Dysphagia & Atonia (change in voice)

Question 3

Acute Pancreatitis

Answer 3

patients present with:

• persistent abdominal pain
• pain unrelieved by position change
• hx of diabetes & high triglycerides

Question 4

E.coli

Answer 4

organism most commonly associated with chronic and acute prostatitis

Question 5

Bacterial Vaginitis

Answer 5

• clue cells under microscope
• odorous vaginal discharge
• gray/white, musky discharge

Question 6

Yeast Infection

Answer 6

• white, cheesy discharge

- itching

Question 7

Bacterial Cystitis

Answer 7

• dysuria
• lower abdominal pain
• hematuria

Question 8

Recurrent Balanitis (inflammation/pain at tip of penis)

Answer 8

assess for Paraphimosis (foreskin doesn’t return to normal position after being retracted)

Question 9

Phimosis

Answer 9

inability to retract foreskin

Question 10

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

Answer 10

bulge near the the external inguinal canal/ring

Question 11

Acute Appendicitis presentation

Answer 11

• RLQ pain
• abdominal guarding
• Low grade fever

Question 12

Acute Appendicitis confirmatory diagnostics

Answer 12

• CBC

- CT of the Abdomen

Question 13

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 13

• intermittent hypogastric abdominal pain for years

- gas and bloating that improves after BM

Question 14

Vaginal Atrophy

Answer 14

occurs in menopausal women due to insufficient estrogen

Question 15

Pyelonephritis

Answer 15

colicky pain with CVA tenderness

Question 16

Cholelithiasis

Answer 16

colicky pain that persist to constant pain

Question 17

Pyloric Stenosis

Answer 17

olive-shaped mass in the stomach

Question 18

Epididymitis

Answer 18

• Urine dipstick reveals UTI

- confirm patient is sexually active (higher risk)

Question 19

Endometrial Cancer (geriatric)

Answer 19

suspect in:

• post menopausal geriatric female
• had hormone therapy
• has enlarged uterus

Question 20

Endometrial Cancer indicators

Answer 20

• hormone therapy
• enlarged uterus
• spotting and/or inconsistent bleeding

Question 21

Secondary Amenorrhea

Answer 21

• teenage female athlete
• had normal periods before training season
• periods have stopped

Question 22

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Answer 22

• pelvic exam with cervical motion tenderness

- patient is at risk for ectopic pregnancy

Question 23

Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 23

• RLQ pain
• right fallopian tube tenderness and inflammation
• refer to ED or OBGYN immediately

Question 24

Fibroids

Answer 24

• most common, non-cancerous breast mass
• typically in females under 30 yrs
• triggered by caffeine, chocolate, and stress

Question 25

Fibroadenoma Lesions

Answer 25

- generally painful | - women will have multiple at a time

Question 26

Unilateral venous pattern upon breast exam

Answer 26

concern for pathology (venous pattern should be bilateral).

Question 27

Breast cancer in males

Answer 27

palpable, non-tender mass that was not present before

Question 28

Leiomyoma

Answer 28

- irregular shape, uterus is mobile with no cervical motion tenderness - fibroids found in 25% of women w/uterus after 35 yrs old - more common in AA women - benign tumors that are estrogen dependent (may grow during hormone therapy) - most frequent s/s is bleeding

Question 29

Peptic Ulcer

Answer 29

- episodic gnawing/epigastric pain2-4 hours after meals or on an empty stomach - night time waking d/t pain - s/s relieved by food intake/antacids

Question 30

Pancreatitis

Answer 30

- common in patients with cholelithiasis & hx of alcohol abuse - pain is steady/boring/unrelieved by position change - LUQ pain that radiates to back - N/V/Diaphoresis - physical exam: distention, decreased BS, diffuse rebound tenderness

Question 31

Ulcerative Colitis (defined)

Answer 31

inflammatory bowel disease: - chronic diarrhea alternating with constipation - begins gradually, worsens over time - periods of remission - usually requires referral to gastroenterologist

Question 32

Ulcerative Colitis (physical exam)

Answer 32

- weight loss - rectal bleeding - inflamed rectal membranes

Question 33

Testicular Torsion

Answer 33

- immediate referral to ED - untreated can result in testicular atrophy - atrophied testicles may be unable to produce sperm

Question 34

Hydrocele

Answer 34

- enlarged, swollen scrotal mass - NOT painful - transilluminates - trauma of birth can create swollen scrotum