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402 Boo > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

gender identity is congruent with gender assigned at birth

A

cisgender

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2
Q

gender identity/expression differs from gender assigned at birth

A

transgender

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3
Q

gender expression is different from conventional expectations

A

gender non-conforming

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4
Q

what are the three stages of gender constancy

A

gender labeling
gender stability
gender consistency

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5
Q

mature solid understanding of gender identity

A

gender constancy

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6
Q

Name that stage of gender constancy:
2-3 yrs
identify as male or female
gender segregated play emerges

A

gender labeling

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7
Q 
Name that stage of gender constancy:
3-4 yrs
gender is stable 
overemphasis on wear/ self expression 
rigid gender roles
A

gender stability

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8
Q

Name that stage of gender constancy:
4-7 yrs
more flexible in gender roles
recognize maleness/femaleness is biological and won’t change based on preference

A

gender consistency

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9
Q

what are the 2 criteria for a Gender Dysphoria diagnosis in children and adolescents and how long?
How many symptoms does a child have to have?
adolescent?

A 
marked incongruences bt one's expressed gender and assigned gender
clinically significantly distress
6 months 
1. 6
2. 2
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10
Q

what are the two medical interventions available for gender dysphoria

A

puberty blockers

cross-sex hormones

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11
Q

medications that delay the onset of puberty with no permanent effects

A

puberty blockers

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12
Q

hormones that initiate puberty and the onset of secondary-sex characteristics that are permanent and affect fertility

A

cross-sex hormones

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13
Q

how many symptoms must a child display to diagnosed with major depressive disorder
for how long?

A

5 or more

2 wks and nearly everyday

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14
Q

what does clinician specify during a diagnosis for MDD (major depressive disorder)

A

MDD single episode
MDD recurrent
predicted prognosis

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15
Q

which form of major depressive disorder is more severe and less responsive to medicine

A

MDD recurrent

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16
Q

based on the number of symptoms, intensity, distress, and degree of impairment
categorized as mild, moderate, or severe

A

MDD severity

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17
Q

according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, does asking questions increase ideations about suicide?

A

nope

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18
Q

Identify the age of these depressive presentations:

  1. irritable, argumentative, disruptive, never happy
  2. tearful, withdrawn, joyless, physical complaints, irritable
  3. self-blame, sleep issues, isolation, loss of interests
A
  1. elementary
  2. preschool
  3. adolescents
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19
Q

what are the 3 most important risk factors of suicide

A

express desire to die
have a suicide plan
plan is feasible

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20
Q

serotonin and norepinephrine are dysregulated in depression

A

monoamine hypothesis

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21
Q

what evidence supports the monoamine hypothesis

A
  • antidepressants that help regulate serotonin and norepinephrine reduce symptoms
  • change in serotonin leads to change in symptoms
  • genes responsible serotonin function implicated in girls
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22
Q

results in elevated levels of cortisol because it isn’t properly shut off

A

HPA dysregulation

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23
Q

what are factors that lead to HPA dysregulation

A

trauma
neglect
maternal stress/illness

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24
Q

children of depressed mothers are 6x more likely to develop depression

A

truth!

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25
Q

what are the 3 reasons children of depressive mothers will also exhibit depression

A
  • genetic predisposition
  • HPA axis development
  • intergenerational interpersonal stress model
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26
Q

what is the intergenerational interpersonal stress model

A

child experiences stressors and was not taught effective coping skills due to a depressed parent model

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27
Q

what are the three stages of Beck’s cognitive theory of depression

A

cognitive biases
cognitive distortion
negative automatic thoughts

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28
Q

which of the three stages of Beck’s cognitive theory of depression is this:
-show a negative bias

A

cognitive biases

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29
Q

which of the three stages of Beck’s cognitive theory of depression is this:
-adjusting perceptions of the world in a way that is not consistent with reality

A

cognitive distortion

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30
Q

which of the three stages of Beck’s cognitive theory of depression is this:
-images or self-statements occurring after a stressor

A

negative automatic thoughts

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31
Q

what kind of medication is prescribed for depression

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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32
Q

what are the four skills in Stark’s cognitive-behavioral therapy for children

A
  1. recognizing and understanding emotions
  2. solving social problems
  3. coping with negative feelings
  4. cognitive restructuring
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33
Q

what are the 2 phases of coping with depression for adolescents

A
  1. increasing energy levels and positive emotions

2. targeting negative moods

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34
Q

what were bipolar and related disorders classified under the DSM4

A

mood disorders

35
Q

why was disruptive mood dysregulation disorder added to the DSM5

A

because too many kids were being diagnosed with bipolar disorder

36
Q

what makes ADHD and DMDD similar….. diff?

A

same- impulsivity

diff- DMDD kids have recurrent angry outbursts and are consistently angry and irritable

37
Q

what are the 3 differences bt ODD and DMDD

A
  • kids w/ ODD are more defiant
  • kids w/ ODD direct anger at other and DMDD kids direct anger to people and places
  • angry outbursts in DMDD last longer and are more unpredictable
38
Q

children with DMDD are more likely to struggle with anxiety and depression compared to kids with Bipolar disorder

A

true

39
Q

characterized by a manic episode and major depressive episode
interferes with function

A

bipolar 1

40
Q

less intense and shorter
changes in mood and function are not visible to others
not severe enough to cause impairment
characterized by hypomanic episode and major depressive episode

A

bipolar 2

41
Q

what is the average age of onset for the first manic episode

A

15-19

42
Q

what is the most commonly diagnosed disorder

A

anxiety

43
Q

how many symptoms does one have to show to be diagnosed with separation anxiety
how long do symptoms has to last for a child?
adult?

A

3
4 wks
6 mnths

44
Q

persistent fear of social or performance requirements that expose children to possible scrutiny or embarrassment

A

social anxiety disorder

45
Q

what are the most feared situations in kids with social anxiety disorder

A

formal presentations and unstructured social interactions

46
Q

children will talk in certain situations and not in others
age of onset is abt 3-4 yrs
rare

A

selective mutism

47
Q

what are 3 reasons selective mutism may occur

A

trauma
aversion to own voice
social anxiety disorder

48
Q

consistent free floating worry
focus on what ifs
sweat small stuff
comorbid with other anxiety disorders

A

generalized anxiety disorder

49
Q

to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, how many symptoms are required and for how long

A

3

6 months nearly daily

50
Q

what is implicated in the etiology of anxiety disorders

A

cognitive distortions

51
Q

Identify that cognitive distortion:

expecting terrible outcomes

A

catastrophizing

52
Q

Identify that cognitive distortion:

small failures indicate global failure

A

overgeneralizing

53
Q

Identify that cognitive distortion:

self-blame

A

personalizing

54
Q

OCD is an anxiety disorder

A

FALSE

55
Q
  • recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive causing anxiety
  • attempts to ignore or suppress thoughts
A

obsessions

56
Q
  • repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed in response to obsession or rigid rules
  • behaviors or mental acts designed to reduce distress but are not connected to stressor
A

compulsion

57
Q

what are the OCD specifiers according to the DSM5

A
  • with good or fair insight
  • with poor insight
  • with absent/delusional beliefs
58
Q

Name that OCD specifier:

thinks beliefs are not true

A

with good or fair insight

59
Q

Name that OCD specifier:

thinks beliefs are probably true

A

with poor insight

60
Q

Name that OCD specifier:

completely convinced beliefs are true

A

with absent/delusional beliefs

61
Q

OCD has high comorbidity with tic disorder

A

sure does

62
Q

what are differences in OCD when comparing kids and adults

A

in Kids:
obsessions can change
obsessions are more vague and magical
difficulty or fear of verbalizing obsessions

63
Q

why is the cortical striatal thalamic circuit implicated in OCD

A

the caudate does not inhibit unnecessary info sending well

64
Q

detects abnormalities and irregularities in the environment

A

orbital frontal cortex

65
Q

sends info to the thalamus and inhibits unnecessary info

A

caudate

66
Q

activates other brain regions for behavioral response

A

thalamus

67
Q

what are 2 cognitive processes that are implicated in OCD

A

inflated responsibility

thought-action fusion

68
Q

development of rapid onset OCD

autoimmune response that produces WBCs that interfere with the caudate

A

PANDAS

69
Q

how anxiety disorder treated

A

CBT

FEAR program

70
Q

what is the FEAR program stand for

A

feeling frightened
expecting bad things to happen
attitudes and actions that will help
results and rewards

71
Q

what are the 3 steps of CBT treatment for OCD

A
  1. info gathering
  2. exposure and response prevention
  3. generalization
72
Q

what are the effects of physical abuse and neglect (3)

A

behavior problems
mood and anxiety problems
disorganized pattern of attachment

73
Q

consistent pattern of inhibited emotionally withdrawn behavior toward care givers

A

reactive attachment disorder

74
Q

what age can a child be considered for a reactive attachment disorder diagnosis or disinhibited social engagement disorder

A

9 months

75
Q

pattern of behavior in which child forms superficial relationships an interacts with unfamiliar adults

A

disinhibited social engagement disorder

76
Q

what are the effects of sexual abuse (3)

A

sexualized behaviors
precocious sexual knowledge
traumatic sexualization

77
Q

what are the four methods of treatment for children who experienced physical abuse or neglect

A

supportive therapy
parent training
parent-child interaction therapy
trauma narrative and safety plan

78
Q

a drawing or narrative to help a child express their feelings about an experienced trauma
must be able to revisited over time

A

trauma narrative

79
Q

therapy in which the child establishes a trusting relationship with a therapist

A

supportive therapy

80
Q

what type of treatment is available for child victims of sexual abuse

A

trauma focused CBT

trauma narrative and safety plan

81
Q

how many phases are there in trauma-focused CBT

A

3

82
Q

what is the purpose of phase one in trauma-focused CBT

A

teaching the parent about the abuse and helping the child be more comfortable

83
Q

what is the purpose of phase two in trauma-focused CBT

A

apply the things learned in phase one to help the child cope, process, and deal this experienced trauma

84
Q

what is the purpose of phase three in trauma-focused CBT

A

have the child share how the trauma affected them and develop a safety plan together

402 Boo (3 decks)

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