exam 3

Question 1

nearsightedness

Answer 1

myopia

Question 2

renal calculi

Answer 2

kidney stones

Question 3

glomerulonephritis

Answer 3

group of disorders that result from damage to the glomerular-capsule membrane. Can progress to kidney failure.

Question 4

cystitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the bladder

Question 5

Glycosuria

Answer 5

excretion of glucose into the urine

Question 6

Nephritis

Answer 6

inflammation of the nephrons

Question 7

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 7

collection of signs and symptoms that accompany various glomerular disorders. Characters by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema

Question 8

Urinary retention

Answer 8

condition where no urine is voided, kidney produces the urine but the bladder cannot empty itself.

Question 9

Hydronephrosis

Answer 9

pathological swelling or enlargement of the renal pelvis and calyces caused by blockage of urine flow. Most common cause is kidney stones.

Question 10

Micturition

Answer 10

Urination. Passage of urine from the body.

Question 11

Oliguria

Answer 11

Scanty amount of urine

Question 12

Lymphangitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of the lymph nodes

Question 13

Function of the lymph nodes

Answer 13

filter the lymphatic fluid before it is returned to the bloodstream

Question 14

00

Answer 14

000

Question 15

Innate Immunity or Nonspecific

Answer 15

we are born with these defenses, organs, tissues, and cells of the immune system.

Question 16

Acquired Immunity or Natural Immunity

Answer 16

Immunity that develops during your lifetime.

Question 17

Acquired Immunity: Active Immunity

Answer 17

Develops in response to an infection of vaccination.

Question 18

discharge standards set by the joint commission the nurse must adhere to

Answer 18

The nurse adheres to the discharge standards set by The Joint Commission (TJC), which include that patients will receive instruction regarding which aspect(s) of care? (Select all that apply.)
Select one or more:
a. Rehabilitation techniques
b. Medical equipment to be used
c. Obtaining health insurance
d. Medications
e. Referral to community agencies

Question 19

How do you treat allergic reaction

Answer 19

Benadryl, epinephrine, cortical steroid.

Question 20

Function of the Kidney

Answer 20

Excrete toxins and nitrogenous waste, regulate water and electrolyte balance, help regulate BP and volume, regulate RBC production by secreting EPO.

Question 21

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 21

secretes an enzyme called renin, to restore normal blood volume and blood pressure

Question 22

ADH

Answer 22

reduces urine.

Question 23

Aldosterone

Answer 23

Reduces urine

Question 24

ANH

Answer 24

Increases urine

Question 25

Erythropeitin

Answer 25

stimulates the production of additional red blood cells. released by the kidneys into the blood stream in response to hypoxia (deficiency of oxygen in the body)

Question 26

Cataract

Answer 26

film over lens of the eye

Question 27

Rods

Answer 27

are for night vision

Question 28

cones

Answer 28

are for color and day vision

Question 29

sclera

Answer 29

white of the eye

Question 30

lens

Answer 30

behind the pupil, used to focus light

Question 31

pupil

Answer 31

regulated the amount of light that enters the eye

Question 32

cornea

Answer 32

transparent circle on the anterior of the fibrous layer

Question 33

Presbyopia

Answer 33

farsighted caused by loss of elasticity of the eye. "old eyes" cant see close, need reading glasses

Question 34

hyperopia

Answer 34

farsightedness

Question 35

Tinnitus

Answer 35

ringing ears

Question 36

Conjunctivitis

Answer 36

Pink eye

Question 37

Inflammation of the ear

Answer 37

Otitis

Question 38

Meniere Disease

Answer 38

Inner ear disorder characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, progressive nerve deafness

Question 39

Glaucoma

Answer 39

excessive intraocular pressure caused by abnormal accumulation of aqueous humor.

Question 40

Otosclerosis

Answer 40

ear stiffening/hardening that is inherited

Question 41

Astigmatism

Answer 41

irregularity in the cornea or lens that distorts vision

Question 42

Macular Degeneration

Answer 42

Progressive deterioration of the maculalea of retina causing loss of central field. leading cause of blindness in elderly,

Question 43

Presbycusis

Answer 43

hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they get older.

Question 44

Tympanic Membrane

Answer 44

eardrum

Question 45

Lens

Answer 45

directly behind the pupil and helps focus light onto your retina.

Question 46

Iris

Answer 46

Colored structure seen through the cornea.

Question 47

Lymphedema

Answer 47

Swelling of tissues caused by blocked of lymphatic vessels.

Question 48

Filtration

Answer 48

Glomerular blood pressure causes water and dissolved substances to filter out of glomeruli into the Bowman capsule

Question 49

Reabsorption

Answer 49

Movement of substances out of renal tubules into blood in peritubular capillaries

Question 50

Reabsorption of Glucose

Answer 50

Glucose is reabsorbed from the proximal tubules back into the blood for use as energy

Question 51

Secretion

Answer 51

Movement of substances into urine in the distal and collecting ducts from blood in peritubular capillaries *reabsorption in reverse*

Question 52

Afferent neurons

Answer 52

are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain

Question 53

Efferent neurons

Answer 53

are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement

Question 54

Incontinence

Answer 54

Loss of bladder control, varying from a slight loss of urine after sneezing, coughing, or laughing to complete inability to control urination.

Question 55

Nyctalopia

Answer 55

the inability to see in dim light or at night.

Question 56

Acquired Immunity: Active Immunity: Natural

Answer 56

Antibodies developed in response to an infection

Question 57

Acquired Immunity: Active Immunity: Artificial

Answer 57

Antibodies developed in response to a vaccination

Question 58

Passive Immunity

Answer 58

Develops after you receive antibodies from someone or somewhere else

Question 59

Acquired Immunity: Passive Immunity: Natural

Answer 59

Antibodies received naturally. from mother, e/g through breast milk

Question 60

Acquired Immunity: Passive Immunity: Artificial

Answer 60

Antibodies developed from medicine, e.g from gamma globulin injection or infusion

Question 61

RAAS

Answer 61

Renin, Angiotensin, Aldosterone, System

Question 62

Lacteal

Answer 62

THE lymphatic capillaries/vessels in the wall of the small intestine that transport fats from digested food to the lymph system, then to the blood stream

Question 63

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic preganglionic axons are classified as cholinergic or adrenergic

Answer 63

adrenergic and cholinergic

Question 64

Sympathetic postganglionic axons are classified as cholinergic or adrenergic

Answer 64

adrenergic

Question 65

Autonomic nervous system is part of what division of the nervous system?

Answer 65

Peripheral nervous system

Question 66

What is the filter of the kidney?

Answer 66

Glomerulus

Question 67

Where is the Glomerulus located?

Answer 67

In the bowmans sapsule