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Political Science > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Belt and Road Initiative

A

One of the most ambitious projects put in place by Xi Jinping to develop economics. Seen as part of China’s increasing claim to global leadership.

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2
Q

Central Committee

A

Broadly is China’s core political elite. There are 200 members that are elected by the National Party Congress.

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3
Q

Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)

A

Lower house of Mexico’s legislative branch. Serve 3-year terms with a four-year limit. Selected through a mixed electoral system, 300 from SMP and 200 from PR. High level of party discipline. MORENA and allies hold a majority of seats

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4
Q

Changes in China after 1978

A

After the death of Moa there was a transition away from Maoism. Deng came to power and set the nation on a different course. Started embracing a market economy.

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5
Q

China in the global economy

A

China is the world biggest exporter. Highest priority is economic growth. But cannot grow faster than the global economy, GDP has decreased but still very high.

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6
Q

China’s current societal problems and challenges

A

There is a wide range of challenges.

Corruption - economic opening has lead to greater opportunities for abuse. For many corruption is the most serious problem.

Population and Degradation - air quality is very poor, untreated water going into lakes and streams, 10 of the most polluted cities are in China.

Human rights - violation of rights, people being held, china is the leading executor.

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7
Q

Class struggle (China)

A

There is a very large gap between the rich and the poor. “some get rich fast.” huge rural and urban split.

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8
Q

Clientelism

A

Was very popular under the PRI, still exists but not as much. system of political officials getting votes by trading goods and services. Is illegal.

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9
Q

Colonialism

A

an imperialist system of physically occupying a foreign territory using military forces, business or settlers. physical presence in a smaller power area

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10
Q

Chinese Communist Party

A

China’s political party. Has a Marx and Lenin principals. Controls nearly everything in China. 87 million followers.

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11
Q

Communist party-state

A

the CCP has a lot of control in reality. Ideology is less prominent and coherent than in the past. some minor reforms to government and party. Reforms have not lead to system changes. Party controls representation and participation, leads policy making, party can disciple members.

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12
Q

Cultural Revolution

A

In China, Mao’s radical movement launched to regain political control from rivals and resulted in a decade of social and political chaos.

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13
Q

“dedazo”

A

picking your successor

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14
Q

Deng Xiaoping

A

A top party leader for many years in the CCP. More into modernization than Mao. Implemented rules to stop the power from getting into the hands of one person.

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15
Q

Economic growth in China

A

Highest priority is economic growth. Complete departure from command economy, instead a socialist market economy. There are still imbalances in the economy and many fear an economic slowdown.

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16
Q

Electoral Fraud (Mexico)

A

variety of techniques were used. ballot stuffing, buying votes and relocating polling office were all techniques. resulted in soviet style democracy.

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17
Q

Electoral reforms in Mexico (including anti-fraud measures)

A

INE was implemented to control elections, they have no connection to the government. See through boxed, announcing polling places in advance, and giving voter IDs.

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18
Q

Electoral system (Mexico)

A

electoral system used to be very corrupt and people had little trust in it. electoral reforms were implemented in the 1990s as a way to make fraud impossible. Have democratic elections.

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19
Q

National Electoral Institute (INE)

A

A group with the main task of organizing elections. Completely separate from government. Provide people with voter IDs, get people out to vote and control airtime for politics.

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20
Q

Federalism (Mexico)

A

A federal system but centralized. There are different levels of government. Federal - states- municipals : each has less power than the one above. The federal government controls about 90% of revenue.

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21
Q

Vincente Fox

A

Previous president of Mexico. Was a member of the PAN party and first to win after the PRIs long ruling.

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22
Q

Great Leap Forward

A

A motto used by Mao and the communist party. It was a mass mobilization movement put in place so that china would be industrialized within 5-10 years. mobilized city residents to work in factories but ended in a disaster with making steel. Was very poor products and lead to starvation and famine.

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23
Q

Guardianship (China)

A

A party style. Describes the relationship between the CCp and society. Vanguard party. basis of legitimacy -“historical best interests of the people”

24
Q

Hierarchy (China)

A

A party style. A strict hierarchy between levels of organization and party members. Strict Party disciple, leadership rules supreme. Goal is for the CCP to be a unified forms.

25
Q

Imperialism

A

a system in which a state extends its power to directly control territory, resources and people beyond its borders.

26
Q

Incumbency advantages of PRI

A

PRI makes it impossible for opposition of gain face by controlling resources and having unlimited government funds.

27
Q

Institutionalization in China

A

implemented in China as a way to set up and control rules.

28
Q

Land reform in China

A

After China was liberated a law was passed that peasants would be given land. Landlords were ceased of land and it was given as peasants to earn a living.

29
Q

“lean to one side”

A

motto used by Mao when rebuilding China and as a way to describe China’s foreign policy. Basically that China would lean to the side of communism and support the Soviet Union.

30
Q

Li Keqiang

A

named premier in 2013 when Xi Jinping was named president. Will rule with him.

31
Q

maoism

A

a style of communism implemented by Mao. Builds on Marxist/Leninism but key difference is that peasants are the backbone of revolution.

32
Q

Mass Line (China)

A

A party style. CCP is in touch with the mass public. Leader should maintain a close relationship to education and learn of citizen needs. “from the masses to the masses”

33
Q

Meta constitutional powers

A

formal and informal power of the president. an example - dedazo

34
Q

Mexico’s 2000 presidential election

A

First time another party won after PRIs long time of power. PAN won which consolidated trust.

35
Q

Mexico’s 2018 election

A

first time someone won over 50% of votes. AMLO won. Has lead a radical departure from traditional politics.

36
Q

Mexico’s current societal problem sand challenges

A

current issues in Mexico involve violence. rise of drug trafficking. immigration to the US.

37
Q

Mexico relationship to Trump

A

they hate him

38
Q

Morena

A

rising political party. leftist, supports diversity, human rights, environmentalism.

39
Q

National Party Congress

A

CCP legislative body. meets every 5 years. over 2,000 members. Organ of the Chinese communist party. part of the PARTY strut. is more like a committee

40
Q

National Peoples Congress

A

Part of China’s legislature. formal the most powerful. Responsible for passing laws and electing government. they meet only two weeks of the year. basically a rubber stamp of CP decisions. part of the Chinese STATE.

41
Q

Nomenklatura system

A

the CCP exercised control over the state, society and economy through this system. party committees were responsible for appointment, promotion, transfer, and firing of high level state, party, and even public-industry personal.

42
Q

PAN

A

conservative/christian Democratic Party. free enterprise, small government, social conservation.

43
Q

PRI

A

held power for 60 years in Mexico.

44
Q

Enrique Pena Nieto

A

PRI president that won power in 2012. pledged to strengthen democracy through a series of political reforms and to further open Mexico’s economy

45
Q

Politburto (China)

A

25 members. elected by the central committee. make up the top political leaderships. serves as chinas governing cabinet and each member is responsible for certain parts.

46
Q

Politburo standing committee

A

very top 7 leaders

47
Q

presidencialismo

A

that the president is above the constitution and dominated the political system

48
Q

Presidency (Mexico)

A

direct elections, one 6 year term that is non renewable. president power is legally and practically limited. head of government and state, selects cabinet, can initiate or veto legislation

49
Q

Senate (Mexico)

A

upper house of the legislature. has a mixed electoral system. handles foreign appears. both have to approve for legislation to be passed.

50
Q

state council (China)

A

executive branch of chinas government.

51
Q

Supreme Court of justice of the nation

A

11 justices that are nominated by the president and approved by the Senate. serve one 15 year term. is the weakest branch but is dealing with reforms.

52
Q

Tiananmen Square

A

students were protesting for basic human rights, military forces fired and killed numerous people.

53
Q

township and village enterprises.

A

collectively owned enterprises that are owned by president of a village in a rural town. control by local government leaders. created many new jobs for people. sold on the free market

54
Q

“veil of governmental continuity”

A

no complete overhaul, but how to improve existing conditions.

55
Q

war on drugs

A

Mexico has has an alarming rise in drug trafficking. claimed 80,000 lived. military has become involved in stopping it. Pena has done little to manage it.

56
Q

Xi Jinping

A

current president of china. dominated state and party. turning it to a more personal ruling.

Political Science (1 decks)

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