Exam 3 Flashcards
A swelling of a part of the body caused by an abnormal growth is a ________
Tumor
The ability of cells to break away from a tumor
Metastasize
How many body sites are there for cancer?
46
What are the 4 most common categories of cancer?
Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Lymphoma, Leukemia
Malignant cancer that arises from epithelial cells
Carcinoma
Malignant cancer that arises from connective tissue
Sarcoma
Cancer of the lymphatic system
Lymphoma
Cancer of blood forming tissues
Leukemia
Cancerous tumors that don’t extend beyond point of origin
In-Situ
Tumors that spread into a healthy tissue
Invasive
What is the second leading cause of death for women in the US?
Cancer
What is the most significant factor in premature death among women?
Cigarette smoking
Cigarette smoking accounts for ___% of lung cancer deaths and ___% of all cancer deaths
87%; 30%
Lung cancer mortality is ___ times higher for women who smoke compared to women who do not smoke
13
__ out of every __ cancer deaths in women are related to smoking
4 out of every 5
There is a __ times greater risk of getting cancer if you live with someone who smokes
10
What is the second leading factor of cancer?
Diet and physical activity
___ of cancer deaths in the US are due to diet/lack of physical activity
1/3
What is the most important risk factor for cancer?
Growing older
___% of all cancers occur in individuals over 65
50%
___% of all lung cancer occurs in women ages 50 and under
50%
More than _________ cases of basal cell/squamous cell cancer occur annually
1 million
What is the most serious form of skin cancer?
Melanoma
__ out of every __ women can expect to have cancer
1, 3
___% of cancer cases occur in the reproductive system
50%
Three most common cancers in women
Breast, lung, colorectal
What is the most common cause of cancer death in women?
Lung cancer
What are some signs of cancer that women ignore?
Unexplained weight loss, breast changes, blood in the wrong place, persistent pain, skin changes, etc.
About ___ people with lung cancer will die from it
1/4
What race of women are most affected by lung cancer?
African Americans
A non smoker married to a smoker has ___% greater risk than a non-smoker to develop lung cancer
30%
What is the chance of a woman having invasive breast cancer in lifetime?
1/8
Chance of dying from breast cancer
1/36
___ women have breast cancer
1/7
What are the two most common risk factors for breast cancer
Being a woman, age
More than __ of all women who menstruate will find a lump
1/2
__ of Americans will develop skin cancer
1/5
__% of basal and squamous cell carcinomas will develop on the head
75%
Women age ___ have a higher probability of developing skin cancer than any other cancer
39
Whites are ___ times more likely to get skin cancer then African Americans
10
__% of melanoma appears on spots always exposed to sun
90%
How long does it take for caffeine to enter the bloodstream?
30 mins
___ women 18 or older smoke cigarettes
1/6
How many females in the US smoke cigarettes?
21 mil
Women who smoke _____ their annual risk of dying
Double
_____ deaths in the past 30-35 years from tobacco
15 mil
More then ____ adolescents begin smoking everyday in the US
4,000
A woman gains __ to __ lbs on average when quitting smoking
6 to 8
Approximately ___ chemicals in cigarettes are carcinogenic
60
Smoking _____ your blood pressure and ____ your appetite
Increases; supresses
What are the three most addictive components of cigarettes?
Nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar
More than ___% of tar remains in smoker’s lungs
90%
Between __% and __% of individuals who try smoking become addicted
33% to 50%
More than __% of women who smoke become dependent on nicotine
90%
Name some reasons why overcoming addiction is so difficult
Hunger, headache, anxiety, lack of concentration, sleep disorders
__ times more likely to need cataracts if smoke cigarettes
2/3
Irreversible dilation and destruction of bronchial walls
Bronchiectasis
Persistent coughing, spitting, and secretion of mucus
Chronic bronchitis
Air sacs in lungs are damaged, alveoli beings to tear
Emphysema
__% more likely to have COPD from smoking and die, than from bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema
15%
Smoking accounts for __% of lung cancer deaths in women
80%
__% of women smokers desire to quit
75%
__% of smokers have tried to quit
50%
Tobacco heated and passed through water is called _____
Hookah
Hookah is a ____ behavior
Social
Hookah establishments target who?
College students
In the UF study done on hookah __% of students indicated they never smoked a cigarette
81.5%
In the UF study done on hookah __% smoked hookah
38.6%
In the UF study done on hookah __% frequented hookah bars
39.2%
______ females were less likely to engage in Hookah related behavior
African American
Women consume __ cups of coffee per day
1.4
Caffeine affects what 3 things?
Osteoporosis, breast health, pregnancy
