Exam 3 Flashcards by Marlee Williams

Q

Which structure does not enter the porta hepatis?

A

inferior vena cava

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Q

What contains the obliterated umbilical artery?

A

medial umbilical fold

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Q

Extravasation of urine occurs in the potential space between:

A

scarpa’s fascia and the deep fascia

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Q

What organ is not drained by the portal system of veins?

A

kidney

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Q

The left gastroepiploic artery is a branch of the:

A

splenic artery

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Q

What structure is found in the left hypochondriac region?

A

spleen

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Q

What lies immediately posterior to the stomach?

A

lesser sac

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Q

What structure is found inside the stomach?

A

rugae

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Q

The internal spermatic fascia of the scrotum is derived from the ________ of the anterior abdominal wall.

A

transversalis fascia

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Q

Meckel’s diverticulum is found in the:

A

distal ileum

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Q

The most common location for impaction of a gallstone within the biliary passages is at the:

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

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Q

What is not a retroperitoneal structure?

A

transverse colon

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Q

True or false: The quadrate lobe receives blood from the left branch of the hepatic artery

A

true

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Q

True or false: The external oblique muscle takes its origin from the lower 8 ribs

A

true

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Q

True or false: Below the arcuate line, the transversus abdominis aponeurosis passes anterior to the rectus abdominis muscle

A

true

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Q

True or false: The internal oblique muscle receives its innervation from the ventral primary rami of the lower 6 thoracic and upper 2 lumbar nerves

A

true

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Q

True or false: The visceral peritoneum is highly sensitive to pain

A

false

The parietal peritoneum is sensitive to pain.

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Q

True or false: The visceral surface of the spleen is subdivided into gastric, renal, and duodenal surfaces.

A

false

The visceral surface of the spleen is subdivided into gastric, colic, and renal surfaces.

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Parasympathetic to rectum

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Sympathetic to descending colon

A

Lumbar splanchnic nerve

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Sympathetic to third part of duodenum

A

Lesser splanchnic nerve

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Sympathetic to cecum and appendix

A

Lesser splanchnic nerve

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Parasympathetic to jejunum

A

Vagus nerve

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Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply to the following segment of the GI tract?

Sympathetic to first part of duodenum

A

Greater splanchnic nerve

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The most common position for the appendix is:

Retrocecal

The obstructive sign which indicates portal hypertension in the umbilical region is:

Caput Medusae

Perforation of a duodenal ulcer frequently results in erosion of the __________ artery

Gastroduodenal artery

In 30% of gallbladder attacks, pain is referred to the _______ region of the back

right subscapular

The seminiferous tubules join in the mediastinum testis to form a ring-like structure called a:

rete testis

The clinical name for an undescended testis is

cryptorchidism

The pathological condition of the bowel characterized by a "cobblestone" radiographic appearance is called

Crohns disease

The abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity is called

Ascites

The _________ is a retroperitoneal organ.

Ascending colon (and descending colon)

Which artery supplies the fundus of the stomach?

short gastric

The second most common position of the appendix is:

Pelvic First most common - Retrocecal

What is NOT true of the conjoint tendon?

prevents indirect inguinal hernias true: 1. found in inguinal triangle 2. formed by fusion of internal oblique aponeurosis and transversus abdominis muscles 3. reinforces posterior wall of inguinal canal 4. inserts into pubic symphysis

The myenteric plexus is found between which two layers of the gut wall?

circular and longitudinal layers of muscularis externa

Embryologically, the duodenum is derived from the

foregut and midgut

Which intestinal segment does NOT receive its parasympathetic innervation from the vagus nerve?

descending colon

Of the five abdominal layers, which is the deepest?

transversalis fascia 1. camper's fascia 2. scarpa's fascia 3. deep fascia 4. internal oblique muscle 5. transversalis fascia

True or false: The superficial inguinal ring is an opening in the external oblique aponeurosis

true

True or false: The cremaster muscle is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

true

True or false: The main pancreatic duct drains the head and the uncinate process of the pancreas

false main pancreatic duct = neck, body, tail accessory pancreatic duct = head, uncinate process

The structure which accompanies the spermatic cord through the inguinal canal in the male, but is not part of it, is the

ilioinguinal nerve

The fibromuscular band which connects the right crus of the diaphragm to the duodenaljejunal flexure is called the

suspensory muscle of the duodenum

Infection of the vagina or uterus can spread to the peritoneal cavity via the

uterine tubes

Herniation of the mucosa of the colon through the muscular layer without inflammation is called

diverticulosis

Above the arcuate line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is composed of the aponeuroses of these muscles:

external oblique and internal oblique

Which of the following statements is NOT true? The ileum is characterized by:

the absence of peyer's patches true: 1. thinner walls than the jejunum 2. more mesenteric fat than the jejunum 3. shorter vasa recta than the jejunum 4. short, sparse plicae circulares

The tunica vaginalis of the scrotum is derived from the

peritoneum

The inguinal ligament is formed by the lower edge of the ________ aponeurosis

external oblique

True or false: Hepatic segments I-IV are found in the left functional half of the liver

true

True or false: An indirect inguinal hernia occurs medial to the inferior epigastric artery

false lateral

True or false: The liver lies mostly in the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions

true

What is the function of the ileocecal valve?

prevents backflow of feces into small intestine

The longitudinal depression lateral to the ascending colon is called the:

right paracolic gutter

A condition in infants in which food does not pass easily through the pyloric canal, which is characterized by no increase in the size of the pyloric sphincter is called:

congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Paravertebral soft tissue changes in individuals with myocardial infarction were found to be restricted to which vertebral levels?

T1-T8

True or false: Individuals with myocardial infarctions showed the same frequency of paravertebral soft tissue changes on the right and left sides.

false

True or false: The internal oblique muscle receives its innervation from the ventral primary rami of the lower 6 and 1st lumbar nerves.

true

True or false: The caudate lobe receives blood from the right branch of the portal vein

false left

True or false: The superficial inguinal ring is an opening in the external oblique aponeurosis

true

True or false: The inferior rectal vein is the portal tributary which participates in the portal-caval anastomosis around the rectum

false superior rectal vein

True or false: A direct inguinal hernia occurs medial to the inferior epigastric artery

true

The _______ lies posterior to the liver, lesser omentum, and stomach.

lesser sac

Parasympathetic innervation to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum is from the

pelvic splanchnic nerve

What structure is NOT a part of the spermatic cord?

ilioinguinal nerve

True or false: Extravasation of urine occurs into the potential space between Scarpa's fascia and the deep fascia

true