Exam 3

Question 1

How do Americans compare to the rest of the world in voter turnout?

Answer 1

Americans vote less than the rest of the world

Question 2

How do Americans compare to the rest of the world in political participation?

Answer 2

Americans participate more than the rest of the world

Question 3

How do scholars explain why people continue to vote despite the costs of voting outweighing the benefits

Answer 3

They feel it is their duty and they get a good feeling from doing it

Question 4

What are the factors associated with participating in voting more

Answer 4

Higher Education and higher socioeconomic status are associated with participating more

Question 5

What factors are associated with participating in voting less

Answer 5

Low/less education and low socioeconomic status

Question 6

What is an interest group?

Answer 6

Any group other than a political party that is organized to influence the government

Question 7

What is the job of interest groups

Answer 7

Continue functioning (fundraising and maintains backers that the cause is worth it)
Establish relationships with legislators
Provide information
Help develop a legislative strategy
Draft legislation
Mobilize voters and activists

Question 8

What is insider trading

Answer 8

Interest group activity that includes normal lobbying, working with elected officials, and contributing money to their campaigns

Question 9

What is outsider trading

Answer 9

Interest group activity designed to influence elected officials by threatening to impose political costs on them if they do not respond
-through marches, demonstrations, and redistributed campaign funds-

Question 10

What is grassroots lobbying

Answer 10

Lobbying by rank and file members of interest groups in districts- letter writing campaigns and calling congress people

Question 11

What is AstroTurf lobbying

Answer 11

Inauthentic grassroots signals about constituent support for issues

Question 12

What role do interest groups play in trying to influence the Supreme Court and giv an example

Answer 12

Litigation
Interest groups will watch court cases and offer support on amicus Curiae briefs to use the cases to change legal precedent
Ex.) Laurence v Texas privacy v sodomy

Question 13

How do social movements differ from interest groups

Answer 13

Social movements have broader goals with more nuances than interest groups

Social movements arise out of groups that feel excluded from the mainstream political parties while interest groups and interest groups deliberately create themselves around issues

Social movements more broadly affect American politics by engaging new participants, changing political agendas, and changing policy and interest groups are behind doors with specific issues

Question 14

What is the resource mobilization perspective

Answer 14

The idea that social movements are dependent on having a network of established organizations and instructions in place

Question 15

How are parties view the opposite party

Answer 15

People view the opposite part as an enemy

Question 16

What is a political party

Answer 16

A group of candidates and elected officials organized under a common label for the purpose of attaining positions of public authority

Question 17

How are parties viewed by the electorate

Answer 17

As a psychological attachment- a perceptual filter to learn and evaluate politics through

An informational shortcut- help make sense of American political system

A running tally- stay with party as long as they preform to the liking

Question 18

At any given time have a what among the population

Answer 18

Baseline level of support

Question 19

How does gatekeeping bias affect the way media reports stories. How does it relate to Howard dean

Answer 19

Gatekeeping allows the media to not report on stories of a certain political nature that disagrees with their narrative or viewers
Because of Howard dean in 2004 other democratic candidates got less coverage

Question 20

How does coverage bias affect the way media reports stories. How does it relate to Howard dean

Answer 20

Using coverage bias media limits the exposure, amount, or quality of coverage to certain types or aspects of stories
The dean scream was played by cnn 633 times

Question 21

How does statement bias affect the way media reports stories how does this relate to Howard dean

Answer 21

State,went bias allows media to interject their own opinions and interpretations of an issue
The media was able to interpret and insinuate the dean scream meant Howard dean didn’t have the temperament for president

Question 22

What factors can lead to stories getting more coverage

Answer 22

More blood and gore or gossip

Question 23

What is horse race journalism

Answer 23

Journalism that focuses on polling and public perceptions rather than candidate policy

Question 24

What is selective exposure

Answer 24

A logical offshoot of cognitive dissonance
-the avoidance of information that challenges us in the first place and seeking out information that is self-affirming of our already held beliefs

Question 25

What are the three types of selective exposure

Answer 25

Attentive public
Polarization
Issue public

Question 26

What is the attentive public hypothesis

Answer 26

The most interested seek out political news but others do not because of inadvertent audience

Question 27

What is the polarization hypothesis

Answer 27

People seek out information they expect to agree with

Question 28

What is the issue public hypothesis

Answer 28

People seek out information on issues that affect them personally

Question 29

What is social desirability bias

Answer 29

When people don’t answer polls truthfully because their answers aren’t socially accepted.

Question 30

What is an ideologue

Answer 30

People who agree with and are invested in every part of their party and party identity

Question 31

What percentage of Americans are considered ideologies

Answer 31

10% of people are ideologues

Question 32

What is a “population” in statistical opinion research

Answer 32

In statistical research, the entire group about which you want to learn

Question 33

What is a “sample” in statistical opinion research

Answer 33

In statistical research, a subset of the population chosen to provide information for the research about the population
- the actual people surveyed-