exam 3 Flashcards
cues for manner of articulation
manner of articulation
semivowels (glides)
harmonics/no noise relatively low frequency energy high intensity formants formant glides faster transitions
Diphthongs
harmonics/no noise
relatively low frequency energy
high intensity formants
slower transitions
vowels
harmonics/no noise
relatively low frequency energy
high intensity formants
relatively steady state formants
nasals
harmonics/no noise relatively low frequency energy low intensity formants relatively steady state formants low frequency resonance
stops
aperiodic component
relatively high frequency energy
transient burst of noise
affricates
aperiodic component
relatively high frequency energy
sharp onset of noise
fricatives
aperiodic component
relatively high frequency energy
long duration of noise
Cues for place of articulation
place of articulation cues
vowels
formant spacing
F2= high-front V, Low-back V
F1= high-low V, Low-high V
semivowels (glides)
formant spacing
F2= high /j/, mid /r/ /l/, low /w/
F3= low /r/, flat /l/
Fricatives
Frequency of noise Frication high /s/ lower /Sh/ wide band /f/ /theta/ /h/
Stops and affricates
frequency of noise burst high-alveolar low-labial varied-palatal
stops and nasals
F2 Transition
low-labial
high-alveolar
varied-palatal
Fricatives
F2 transition
low /f/
high /theta/
affricates
F2 transition
high - alveolar
Cues for Voiced-Voiceless Distinction
Voicing contrast cues
Stops
voice bar- during closure
affricates
voice bar- during closure
fricatives
voice bar- with frication
longer aspiration
voiceless stops
longer frication
voiceless affricates and fricatives
VOT stops
longer=voiceless
shorter=voiced
F1 stops
rises from base= voiced
cutback=voiceless
