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Perio > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The features of a disease that can be observed or are measured by clinicians are?

A

Signs of Periodontal disease

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2
Q

What are the signs of periodontal disease:

A
  • Gingival erythema
  • Gingival edema
  • BOP
  • Loss of attachment
  • Tooth mobility
  • Loss of alveolar bone support
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3
Q

The features of a disease that are noticed by the patient are?

A

Symptoms of Periodontal disease

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of periodontal disease?

A

For moderate to severe periodontitis

  • Difficulty chewing
  • Itching gums
  • Blood on bed pillow
  • Bad taste
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5
Q

Clinicians refer to peritonitis as “______“(lack or silence of symptoms that are obvious to the patient.

A

Silent disease

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6
Q

Signs that are READILY VISIBLE are known as?

A

Overt signs of inflammation

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7
Q

Signs that NOT READILY VISIBLE are known as?

A

Hidden signs of inflammation

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8
Q

What are the over signs if inflammation?

A
  • Changes in color
  • Contour
  • Consistency of gingival tissue
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9
Q

What are the hidden signs of inflammation?

A
  • Alveolar bone loss
  • BOP
  • (Sometimes) Purulence and Exudate
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10
Q

The natural level of gingival attachment to the tooth located?

A

Slightly coronal to (or in a sense above) the level of the CEJ.

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11
Q

Clinical attachment loss or attachment loss refers to?

A

Migration of the JE to a position apical to (or in sense below) the level of the CEJ

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12
Q

The periodontal conditions most closely associated with HIV infection are?

A
  • Linear gingival erythema (LGE)

- Necrotizing periodontal disease (NPD)

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13
Q

A distinct linear erythematous band that is limited to the free gingiva is the clinical appearance of?

A

Linear gingival erythema (LGE)

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14
Q

A hereditary and congenital disorder that affects the bone marrow, resulting in abnormally low level of neutrophils (PMNs) in the blood?

A

Familial and Cyclic Neutropenia

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15
Q

At what age does periodontal manifestations (severe periodontal destruction) of the disease appear?

A

13

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16
Q

T/F Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease, is the diagnosis used when the systemic condition is the major contributing factor for periodontitis and local factors such as heavy accumulations of dental plaque biofilm and calculus deposits are not evident.

A

True

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17
Q

An inherited disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis of the palms of the hands and soles of the feet and severe periodontitis affecting both primary and permanent dentitions?

A

Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome

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18
Q

Clinical features of Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome are?

A
  • Bone loss and exfoliation of the teeth.
  • Primary teeth lost by 5-6 yrs of age.
  • Permanent erupt but lost due to destruction.
  • By 15 some individuals are edentulous
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19
Q

What is the most significant oral manifestations ( which can lead to premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth) of the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A

Early-oneset generalized periodontitis

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20
Q

A heritable disorder of CT with easy bruising, joint hyper mobility, skin laxity, and weakness of tissues?

A

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

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21
Q

Individuals who often develop severe early-onset periodontal disease, substantial plaque biofilm, deep periodontal pockets, and extensive gingival inflammation have what genetic syndrome?

A

Down Syndrome

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22
Q

Clinical indicators of occlusal trauma are?

A
  • Tooth mobility (progressive)
  • Fremitus
  • Tooth migration
  • Fractured tooth
  • Thermal sensitivity on chewing or percussion
23
Q

Radiographic indicators of occlusal trauma are?

A
  • Widened PDL space
  • Bone loss
  • Root resorption
24
Q

Injury as the result of occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth that have previously experienced attachment loss and/or bone loss is?

A

Secondary occlusal trauma

25
Q

NSP include?

A
  • Self-care education
  • Nutritional counseling
  • Smoking cessation counseling
  • Periodontal debridement (instrumentation)
  • Antimicrobial therapy
  • Correction of local risk factors
  • Fluoride therapy
  • Caries control and temporary restorations
  • Occlusal therapy
  • Minor orthodontic treatment
  • Reevaluation of Phase 1 therapy
26
Q

The NSP phase of treatment includes all the nonsurgical measures used to control gingivitis and periodontitis, with include?

A
  • Intensive dental hygiene care and comprehensive pt education measures
  • To minimize the impact of local contributing factors
27
Q

The periodontal maintenance phase of treatment is?

A

Includes all measures used by the dental team and by the pt to keep periodontitis from recurring once the inflammatory disease is bought under control.

28
Q

A person’s right to refuse all or a portion of the proposed treatment is known as?

A

Informed Consent

29
Q

T/F A patient ALWAYS has a legal right to refuse proposed periodontal care?

A

True

30
Q

What are questions to ask a patient for encouragement?

A
  1. What more would you like to know?
  2. What are your concerns?
  3. What is your next question?
31
Q

Format of consent process are?

A

Written or verbal

32
Q

Necrotizing periodontal disease includes?

A

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)

Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)

33
Q

An inflammatory destructive infection of periodontal tissues that involve tissue necrosis (localized tissue death) is known as?

A

Necrotizing periodontal disease (NPD)

34
Q

Tissue necrosis that is limited to the gingival tissues is known as?

A

NUG

35
Q

Tissues necrosis of the gingival tissues combined with loss of attachment and alveolar bone loss is known as?

A

NUP

36
Q

T/F NUP ia an extremely rapid and destructive form of periodontitis that can produce loss of periodontal attachment within days

A

True

37
Q

NPD is limited to what tissues?

A

interdental and marginal gingiva

38
Q

NUG Clinical features are?

A
  • Sudden onset
  • Pain
  • Necrosis of interdental papillae (cratered, punched out)
  • Yellowish white or grayish tissue slough
  • Fiery red gingiva with spontaneous bleeding
39
Q

NUP clinical features are?

A

Same as NUG plus attachment loss

40
Q

The necrotic areas of the gingiva are covered by a yellowish white or grayish tissue slough is termed?

A

Pseudomembrane

41
Q

A sequential outline of the measures to be carried out by the dentist, the dental hygienist, or the patient to eliminate disease and restore a healthy periodontal environment is known as?

A

The periodontal master treatment plan

42
Q

T/F Some of the master treatment plan might not involve the dental hygienist but it is important for the hygienist to have an understanding of all phases of treatment to restore a healthy periodontal environment

A

True

43
Q

What are the 5 phases of periodontal treatment plan?

A
  • Phase 0: Data collection/emergency treatment
  • Phase 1: NSP
  • Phase 2: Surgical Therapy
  • Phase 3: Restorative Therapy
  • Phase 4: Periodontal Maintenance
44
Q

Subgingival plaque phase is?

A

Established gingivitis

45
Q

Tissue destruction phase is?

A

Periodontitis

46
Q

Plaque overgrowth phase is?

A

Early overgrowth phase

47
Q

Accumulation phase is?

A

Early bacterial

48
Q

Functions of Prostaglandins?

A
  • Increase permeability and dilation of blood vessels leading to redness edema
  • Trigger osteoclasts
  • E series Initiate most of the alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis
  • Promote the overproduction of destructive MMP enzymes
49
Q

Functions of Cytokines?

A
  • Play an important role in periodontitis include the IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis (TNF-a)
  • Have the potential to initiate tissue destruction and bone loss in chronic inflammatory disease, such as periodontitis
  • Produced in response to tissue injury
  • recuit PMNs and macrophages to infection site
  • Increase vascular permeability that increases movement of immune cells to the tissues
50
Q

Functions of MMPs?

A
  • Facilitate normal turnover of the periodontal connective tissue matrix
  • Released in an attempt to kill invading bacteria
  • Overproduction of MMPs results in breakdown of CT of the periodontium
51
Q

The body’s response to bacteria is referred to as the?

A

Host response

52
Q

T/F The prime purpose of the host response is to defend the lie of the individual

A

True

53
Q

T/F The body’s immune system causes tissue destruction in an attempt to stop bacterial infection

A

True

54
Q

Complex interactions between _____and____determine the onset and severity of periodontal disease?

A

periodontal pathogens

host response

Perio (2 decks)

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