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chem 330 > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

MS

A

mass spectrometry

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2
Q

GC

A

gas chromatography

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3
Q

HPLC

A

high performance liquid chromatography

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4
Q

TIC

A

total ion current

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5
Q

SIC

A

select ion current

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6
Q

WCOT

A

wall-coated open tubular

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7
Q

HETP

A

height equal to theoretical plate

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8
Q

FID

A

flame ionization detector

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9
Q

TCD

A

thermal conductivity detector

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10
Q

ECD

A

electron capture detector

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11
Q

ion exchange

A

analytes are electrostatically attached to permanently charged groups bonded to a resin head

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12
Q

analytes are electrostatically attached to permanently charged groups bonded to a resin head

A

ion exchange

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13
Q

adsorption

A

analytes stick to the surface of a solid stationary phase

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14
Q

analytes stick to the surface of a solid stationary phase

A

adsorption

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15
Q

partition

A

analytes dissolve in a liquid stationary phase or in a liquid bonded to or coated on a solid stationary phase

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16
Q

analytes dissolve in a liquid stationary phase or in a liquid bonded to or coated on a solid stationary phase

A

partition

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17
Q

gel exclusion

A

analytes are separated by size/shape

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18
Q

analytes are separated by size/shape

A

gel exclusion

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19
Q

affinity

A

analytes adhere to groups attached to the stationary phase via very specific molecular mechanisms

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20
Q

analytes adhere to groups attached to the stationary phase via very specific molecular mechanisms

A

affinity

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21
Q

Van Deemter equation: A

A

A = multiple path lengths (unaffected by U)

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22
Q

Van Deemter equation: B

A

B = longitudinal diffusion, constant rate (minimizes with increase in flow)

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23
Q

Van Deemter equation: C

A

C = finite mass transfer rate, equilibration time (minimizes with decrease in flow)

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24
Q

Who discovered chromatography?

A

Tswett

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25
Q

In order to analyze a sample by GC, what properties must the analytes possess?

A

boiling point less than 350 C

thermally stable up to 350 C

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26
Q

HPLC columns have lengths in which range?

A

5 to 30 cm

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27
Q

Open tubular GC columns typically have lengths in which range?

A

30 to 100 m

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28
Q

Which of the following detectors is most commonly used for HPLC?

A

UV

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29
Q

Which of the following detectors is considered a universal detector for GC?

30
Q

Which detector would be best for the trace analysis of halogenated pesticides by GC?

31
Q

What are advantages of an MS detector in GC or HPLC?

A

responds to all analytes
mass spectrum is strong proof of identity
TIC is proportional to concentration

32
Q

In size-exclusion chromatography when would a high molecular weight protein elite relative to a small molecular weight molecule?

A

earlier in the chromatogram

33
Q

Which is the best choice for mobile phase GC?

34
Q

octanoic, benzoic, and 1-aminooctane separated in reverse phase HPLC. which elutes first?

A

1-aminooctane

35
Q

nonpolar, reverse phase, separated with 65% methanol in water
90% methanol in water?

A

molecules would elute faster

36
Q

polar, normal phase, 40% 2-propanol in MTBE

60% 2-propanol in MTBE?

A

molecules would elute faster

37
Q

AES

A

atomic emissions spectroscopy

38
Q

UV

A

ultra-violet

39
Q

A

A

absorbance

40
Q

IR

41
Q

ICP

A

inductively-coupled plasma

42
Q

T

A

transmittance

43
Q

lambda

A

wavelength

44
Q

weird V

45
Q

weird E

A

molar absorptivity

46
Q

PDA

A

photo diode array

47
Q

molar spectra are called

48
Q

atomic spectra are called

49
Q

doubling the frequency does what to energy?

A

doubles the energy

50
Q

doubling the wavelength does what to the energy?

A

halves the energy

51
Q

tripling the wave number will do what to the energy?

A

triples the energy

52
Q

absorption spectrums plots consist of

A

absorbance, wavelength, and molar absorptivity

53
Q

which radiation is highest in energy?

A

ultra-violet

54
Q

which radiation has the longest wavelength?

A

microwaves

55
Q

when an atom/molecule absorbs visible light, what transition does the electron undergo?

A

electronic

56
Q

when an atom/molecule absorbs infrared light, what transition does it undergo?

A

rotational-vibrational

57
Q

Beer’s Law requires

A

monochromatic light
dilute solutions (<0.01 M)
steady temperature

58
Q

standard source of UV light

A

deuterium lamp

59
Q

hollow cathode lamp

A

frequency tuner for sources of light (lasers)
provide characteristic wavelengths
provide band of wavelengths more narrow than absorption bands

60
Q

globar

A

thermal light source for IR spectroscopy

61
Q

best precision for absorbance readings?

62
Q

when a molecule absorbs a photon

A

the energy is released as heat

63
Q

what is true of fluorescence?

A

fast with lifetimes of 10-8 to 10-4 sec

typically from rigid molecules

64
Q

what is true of phosphorescence?

A

slower with lifetimes of 10-4 to 10+2 sec
typically from rigid molecules (solids)
triplet to singlet transition

65
Q

what technique has the lowest detection limit?

A

fluorescence

66
Q

intersystem crossing is

A

an electron moving from a singlet excited state to a triplet excited state

67
Q

what is true about atomic spectroscopy?

A

form of elemental analysis
most useful for metals
analytes are in the gas phase

68
Q

Which technique is most sensitive to variations in flame/plasma temps?

69
Q

typical plasma temp range for ICP

A

6,000 to 10,000 K

70
Q

advantages of ICP over flame AAS an AES

A

lower detection limits

broader linear range

71
Q

advantages of ICP MS over ICP AES

A

lower detection range

broader linear range

chem 330 (1 decks)

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