Exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Did the US prosper after WWI?
A
Yes
2
Q
Isolationism
A
- stay out of everyone else’s economy
- let people fight with themselves
- policy to obtain peace
3
Q
Kellogg-Briand Pact
A
- agreement between nations to ban war
- does not last
4
Q
Washington naval conference
A
- between US, Japan, and Russia
- limits number of ships nation can have
- US has twice as many ships as Japan bc we have two coasts
- aimed to preserve peace
5
Q
Good neighbor policy
A
- a good neighbor to other nations
- stop invading
6
Q
Did isolation produce peace?
A
No
7
Q
Benito Mussolini
A
- fascist leader of Italy
- loved ,great warrior, great technician
8
Q
What crisis was happening in Germany at the beginning of the war?
A
- economic depression
- looking for new leader
- found hitler
- nazi party formed
9
Q
When does WWII start
A
When Japan invades Manchuria
10
Q
Invasion of Manchuria
A
- brutal invasion
- Japanese uses civilians as target practice
- rape used as weapon of war
11
Q
Who does Italy invade before WWII
A
Northern Africa
12
Q
How does hitler fix Germany’s economy
A
- did not pay furor actions
- built up military which gave jobs
- violates treaty of Versailles
13
Q
Neutrality acts
A
Not allowed to sell and ship goods involved in war
14
Q
Civil war in Spain
A
- Fransisco Franko leader of coup against democratic elected Spanish
- USA does not help
- Mussolini sends supplies and hitler sends troops
- Spain becomes allies with Germany and Italy
15
Q
Anti-cominterm pact
A
Italy, Japan, Germany sign pact of friendship
16
Q
Where did Germany have a bloodless coup?
A
Austria but he wasn’t allowed
17
Q
Appeasement
A
- France and GB allow German aggression as long as it stops
- then it happens over and over again
18
Q
What did hitler and Stalin do on August 24, 1939
A
Sign a nonaggression act
19
Q
What did Germany do September 1, 1939
A
- Invade Poland
- France and GB declare war
20
Q
What outposts in the pacific did Japan seize
A
Solomon and Marshall
21
Q
Germany seized ______ quickly and then conquered _____
A
Poland & France, Norway, Denmark, and Belgium
22
Q
Germany bombed _____ nightly
A
London
23
Q
German invasion of Soviet Union
A
- broke friend pact
- invaded and nearly captured Moscow
- very cold so Germany took a while to win
- fighting in summer clothes in harsh winter
24
Q
What German ally invades North Africa
A
Italy
25
Lend lease
- instead of selling great British weapons and supplies, we lend them
- and lease British bases
26
Stopping oil exports to Japan
- we don't want to go to war with Germany and Japan at once
- we stop sending oil and iron to Japan
- we tell them to get rid of pact of friendship with Germany
27
Pearl Harbor
- Japanese destroys Arizona
- kills 1000's of men
- we declare war
- Germany declare war on US
28
What happened when Japan pushed US troops out of the Philippines
- 30,000 Americans surrendered to Japan
- we were not prepared
- captured and had to do death march
29
What was the US like at the beginning if the war
Struggling bc Pearl Harbor wrecked out navy
30
Who did we join in alliance with
France, British, China, and SU
31
Battle of midway
- Japan wants midway
- we translate Japanese secret code
- Japan attacks Alaska to get into midway
- US defeats Japan
32
Who did the island hopping campaign
USA
33
Battle of Stalingrad
- in city of Stalingrad
- a million people died
- Germany v SU
- SU wins
34
Final solution
- hitler orders the killing of many Jews because he knows defeat is inevitable
- hitler and his wife commit suicide
35
What happened after we bomb Japanese
- They respond with kamikaze pilots
| - they are running out of gas because we cut their oil supply
36
Harry Truman
- never expected to be prez
- plan to attack Japan BUT would cost 500,000 troops
- so we drop atomic bomb @ Nagasaki
- Japan surrenders
- end of WWII
37
What ends the Great Depression?
WWII
38
What did they do to get people behind the war effort
Used cartons and ads
39
Why did women work in the workforce
Because men were at war
- mixed messages of women's standards
- Rosie the riveter
40
Sharecropping during this time
- breaking down
| - AA pushed off land
41
What did the GI bill do
Allowed soldiers to go to college for free
42
A. Phillip Randolph
- labor union leader
- threatens to hold march in Washington
- FDR calls him into White house and Randolph says he would call off march if he desegregates military and defense industry's
ex: people who make guns
- FDR only desegregated defense industries
- 150,000 AA get jobs
43
How were Japanese treated in the war
- racism via cartoons after Pearl Harbor
- put in Japanese internment camps
- forced to move and sell belongings
44
Cold War
Super powers= SU & USA
Under Truman
"The buck stops here"
45
Containment and who made it
Contain the spread of communism
| Made by George Keenan
46
Truman doctrine
Greece and turkey being taken by communist
| USA gives $400,000,000 to them to stop spread communism
47
What side of Europe was communist
East and line separating them is iron curtain
48
Marshall plan
- All European countries and soviets can have money as long as they become free of communism
- give them $13 billion
49
What sections was Berlin broken into
- communist
- American
- British
- France
50
Communist blockade what side of Berlin
- Western side
- we air dropped supplies
- and then blockade ended and we could they let us give supplies
51
What two movies held an example for communism
- Rocky 4
| - red dawn
52
NATO
- North Atlantic treaty organization
- US, Canada, France, GB
- one goes to war, everyone goes to war (Cold War)
- opposite Warsaw Pact (Eastern European pact)
53
Warsaw Pact
Eastern European Pact
54
National security act
- make sure Pearl Harbor doesn't happen again
- department of defense
- CIA
- national security council
55
Why is the US the strongest military
A bomb
56
Who was mao
Chairman of china who becomes communist
57
Nuclear arms race
MAD = mutual assured destruction
| If war starts everyone dies
58
Korean War
- north attacks south
- conquers all but small portion
- US helps get their land back
- they have a sease fire
- boards are still the same today
59
President Truman
- incredibly unpopular
- desegregated military
- splits democrats into three
60
What three sections did Truman split democrats into
- progressives: Henry Wallace
- normal democrats: Truman
- Dixiecrats: storm Thurman
61
Who did Truman go against his first term
Dewey
62
Alger hiss
St. Department official and gives secrets to SU
63
Federal employee loyalty program
Bosses can investigate employees that might be communist
64
Reasons why people were accused of communist
- in debt
- alcoholic
- gay
These could lead to them getting fired
65
HUAC
- House UnAmerican Activities Committee
- investigated actors in Hollywood who may be communist
- those actors were blacklisted
66
Joseph McCarthy
- alcoholic from Wisconsin
- giving speech in Virginia and say he has list of people who are communist and says Truman isn't doing anything about it
- accuses everyone of being communist
67
McCarthyism
Using fear with no evidence for no political gain
68
The Rosenberg
- Julius and Ethel
| - executed for treason after selling secrets of SU
69
President Eisenhower
- first republican since Hoover
- terrible president
- elected 1952
70
What did Eisenhower do?
- creates interstate system
- for national defense system
- economy thrives
71
What were some foreign policy mistakes made under Eisenhower?
- we split Vietnam into two
- communist and democratic
- Eisenhower is first prez to send troops to Vietnam
72
What was happening with Iran under Eisenhower
- Iran was cozy with SU
| - our CIA throws over Iran leader and bring in one we like
73
What was Cuba like under Eisenhower
- pitista is leader/ dictator
- Fidel Castro wants to nationalize business so we don't allow goods from them
- communist
74
What was Russia like under Eisenhower
- Stalin died
- Kruskev takes office
- Russia shot our U-2 plane down
75
What was US after WWII
- economic boom
| - baby boom
76
Levitowns after WWII
- Houses bomb by William Levit
| - parallel symmetrical houses
77
Rise of the sunbelt
- air conditioning
| - companies can now move down south
78
Who was June cleaver
- stereotypical house wife
- woman have NO rights
- "I Love Lucy" defy norms
79
What is a beatnik
A hippie
80
What did jack kerouac do
- Wrote "on the road"
| - coined term beatniks
81
Who was Betty Friedan
- wrote "the feminine mystique"
| - about modern woman's rights movement
82
Rachel Carson
- wrote "silent spring"
- modern environmental movement
- because there was dissolving fish in rivers
83
Brown v Board of Edu.
- rules against segregation
- AA buy own busses
- things don't desegregate immediately
84
Rosa parks
- sat in back section of bus
- whites came on and she told to move back
- she didn't so got arrested
- shows nonviolent boycotts is successful
85
Autherine Lucy
- attempts to desegregate university if Alabama
- but she's black and a riot broke out
- expelled
86
Little Rock 9
- central high school in Arkansas decided to let 9 AA into school
- national guard called out
- escorted by army
87
Steam Thurmond
- in SC politics for long time
- Dixiecrat nominee
- civil rights bill
88
Nixon v Kennedy 1960
Election very close but Kennedy wins
89
Berlin under Kennedy
Leader: Khrushchev
- has Berlin Wall built
- up for 28 years
90
Vietnam under Kennedy
- Kennedy escalated war after Kennedy
| - extra troops
91
Bay of pigs
- invasion of Cuba that starts revolution
- we only send 14,000
- to overthrow Fidel Castro
- Cuba slaughters our troops
- Castro wants protection so they befriend SU
92
Cuban missile crisis
- We find Cuba has missiles
- we tell them to get rid of them
- SU has navy ships near Cuba
- we have quarantined Cuba
- SU calls off ships
- we nearly escape WW3
93
Freedom rides
- integrated bus ride to south
- stop at Virginia = use bathrooms unsegregated
- stop at Atlanta = meet Martian Luther king
- stop at Alabama = mob shows up and beat bus
- stop at Birmingham = injures everyone
94
James Meredith
- Wants to desegregate ole miss
- he does
- national guard came when he enrolled
- people die as result
95
George Wallace
- gov of Alabama
| - "seg now, and later"
96
Fred Shuttlesworth
- AA in Birmingham
- held protest and children were beaten
- people now was to desegregate
- "end it today"
97
Kennedy assassination
- November 22, 1963
| - Johnson becomes prez
98
What was freedom summer
- People go to Mississippi and get African-Americans registered to vote
- two white and a black killed by cops
- cops are prosecuted by federal government
99
Who is John Lewis
- hope to get people to register to vote but they were put in jail
- State barred civil rights activities
100
Holden march from Selma to Montgomery
- get stopped by police and get beaten
| - call bloody Sunday
101
Voting rights act 1965
- Took away literacy test
- interpretation clause
- and taxes
- have a great effect on elections
102
What was Lyndon Johnson's great Society
- war against poverty
- Headstart program
- elementary and secondary education program
103
Elementary and secondary education act
Gave $1 million to schools
104
Medicare and Medicaid
Insurance for Poor and disabled
105
Golf of Tonkin resolution
- President is allowed to do anything to protect US lives or US interests
- so we put more money and more troops into Vietnam
106
Tet offensive
- brutal attack from north Vietnam/Vietcong on south Vietnam
- Vietcong attacks US Embassy
- US wins these battles
107
Malcolm X
- believed in segregation
- likes black culture
- shot and killed
108
Stokely Carmichael
- was trying to register African-Americans in rural Alabama
- wanted to move away from nonviolence but promoted self-defense
- coined phrase "black power"
109
Black Panthers
- founders are Bobby Seale and Huey Newton
- scary African-American group
- not like Martin Luther King
110
Cesar Chavez
- fights for Hispanic rights
- bilingual education for kids
- minimum wage for farmworkers
111
Richard Nixon
- evil and intelligent
- for affirmative action
- neighborhood schools which were racist
112
Affirmative action
- Women and African-Americans more job rights
| - even if a white man don't get the job
113
Southern strategy
- using race to win elections
| - Reagan uses it
114
How was Nixon famous for foreign-policy
- opened up China (ping-pong match)
- visit to China and freaks out so be at union
- this basically ends the Cold War
115
Houche men trail
- Route between North and South Vietnam that the US was against
- trill went between Laos and Cambodia
- so we bomb them
116
Watergate
- Nixon ordered the break-in of Watergate building aka international Democratic headquarters
- Woodward and Bernstein discovered scandal
- Nixon hides secret tapes
- supreme Court says he has to give them over
- he gives tapes but with information deleted
- Nixon resigns August 1974
117
Gerald ford
- President after Nixon
| - only president not to be elected
118
What is Title 9
- women's attempt to equal sports
| - equal opportunities in higher education
119
What is ERA
- equal rights amendment
- equal pay for women
- never went through
120
Roe vs Wade
- legalized abortion
- women's rights increase
- safe way to have abortion
121
What was stonewall inn
- gay bar in NY
- police raided gay bars for publicity
- raid stonewall inn and they didn't get arrested peacefully
- they riot
122
APA
- American psychotic association
| - think gay is a disease
123
AIDS
- originally GRIDS
- "gay disease"
- things have changed
124
What was ford remembered for
Pardoning Nixon
125
Who did ford go against after his first term was over
Carter and carter won
126
Who was jimmy carter
- GA governor
- peanut farmer in rural Georgia
- an anti-Nixon
- hard core baptist
127
Carter playboy interview
- asked if he's ever cheated on wife
| - he said he has in his heart (lusted)
128
What kind of disasters happened under carter
- lots of inflation
- rise in unemployment
- Middle East problems (oil crisis)
129
Who has a peace agreement under carter
Egypt and Israel
130
What happened in Iran in 1979
- Iran over threw leader we installed earlier
- they raided US embassy
- took people hostage
- the US rescue plan failed miserably
- carter was blamed for all of it
- installed Muslim leader
131
Who invades Afghanistan in the early 80's and what did we do about it
- soviet union
- we couldn't send troops in
- so we send in CIA to train Afghan rebels
132
Who was Ronald Reagan
- Celebrity/ actor
- unlikely prez
- asked "are you better off than you were 4 years ago"
- won him presidency
133
What kind of government spending did Reagan cut
- student loans
- welfare
- pub trans
134
What else did Reagan do
- trickle down theory: didn't work
- set back for conservation
- opposed affirmative action
- placed Sandra de O'Connor in Supreme Court
- and also some racial minorities
135
Who gets credit for ending Cold War
Reagan got credit
136
What does Reagan refer SU as and what was going on there during his presidency
- evil empire
- communist wasn't working
- so they gained few speaking rights
- leaders kept dying
137
Did Reagan increase or decrease defense spending
Increase
138
How did SU collapse
-revolution under Boris Yeltsin
139
What two journalist discovered watergate scandal
Bernstein and Woodward
140
Headstart program
Allowed children to be equal before kindergarten started
