Exam 3

Question 1

RBC

Answer 1

Carry oxygen
Male- 4.32-5.72 trillion cells/L
Female- 3.90-5.03

Question 2

WBC

Answer 2

Fights infection
3.5-10.5 billion cells/L
5,000-10,000

Question 3

Hemoglobin

Answer 3

Oxygen carrying proteins in RBC
12-16

Male- 13.5-17.5 g/dL
Female- 12.0-15.5

Question 4

Hematocrit

Answer 4

Proportion of RBC to the fluid component, or plasma, in your blood
Male: 38.8-50%
Female- 34.9%- 44.5%

Question 5

Platelets

Answer 5

Help with blood clotting

150-450 billion/L

200,000 to 400,000

Question 6

BUN

Answer 6

10-20

Question 7

Neutrophils

Answer 7

40-60%

Specially reactive to bacteria, and the number of circulation neutrophils greatly increases during bacterial infections

Question 8

Lymphocytes

Answer 8

20-40%

T cells- cell mediated immunity. Recognize attack and destroy

B cells- humoral immunity, produce immunoglobulins to attack and destroy antigens

Question 9

Monocytes

Answer 9

2-8%

Question 10

Eosinophils

Answer 10

1-4%

Primary effector function is to release their highly toxic granules that can kill parasites and other microorganisms

Question 11

Basophils

Answer 11

0.5%-1%

They appear to have an effect against fungus and also play a role in inflammation

Question 12

Immunoglobulins

Answer 12

Any of a class of proteins present in the serum and cells of the immune system, that function as antibodies

Question 13

Sodium

Answer 13

135-145 mEq/L

Hypo: n/v, weakness, confusion, anorexia

Hyper: thirst, High BP, dry mouth or sticky mucous membranes, if severe: hallucinations, irritable, lethargy, seizures

Question 14

Phosphorus

Answer 14

1.7-2.6 mg/dL

Hypo- muscle weakness, muscle pain, paresthesias, paralysis, HF, resp failure, decreased immobility,

Hyper: cardiovascular disease, muscle contraction, tetany, positive Trousseau’s sign and chvosteks sign, resp arrest

Question 15

Potassium

Answer 15

3.5-5.0
Hypo: fatigue, anorexia, lowered GI mobility, dysrhythmias, paresthesia, flat T wave and EKG, Higher digitalis (digoxin) sensitivity

Question 16

Magnesium

Answer 16

1.6-2.6 mg/dL

Hypo- low blood calcium, muscle cramps, spasms, seizures. Nausea, weakness, Irritability, confusion

Hyper- diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, extreme acid base imbalance, massive dehydration, cardiac arrest and death

Question 17

Calcium

Answer 17

8.2-10.6 mg/dL

Hypo- diarrheal, numbness and tingling of extremities, muscle cramps, convulsions, larngeal spas, cardiac irribility, positive Trousseau’s and chvasks signs,

Hyper- muscle weakness, constipation, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, Polyuria, polydipsia, kidney stones, bizarre behaviors, bradycardia

Question 18

ABG

Answer 18

Ph- 7.35-7.45
CO2- 45-35
HCO3- 22-26

Acidic- alkaline