Exam 3

Question 1

Great audio stories engage listeners with a rich, personal narrative. Sound can paint pictures of the human condition that reach listeners on a deep emotional level.

Answer 1

Audio is more than just radio. It can be used to provide rich descriptions; these should be produced with technical and editorial accuracy

Question 2

List 6 audio recording tips.

Answer 2

1. Double check your gear before you go
2. Make sure the mic is 4-6 inches away from the subject’s mouth
3. Never erase your original audio file
4. Speak like a normal human being
5. Use a high quality microphone and recorder
6. Listen to the recorder WITH HEADPHONES to ensure you’re getting quality sound

Question 3

Why should you write for the ears and not for the eyes?

Answer 3

Because people are listening to the package, it needs to sound natural

Question 4

Please diagram a basic story template.

Answer 4

• Begin with a few seconds of ambient sound to establish the scene
• Lead with a reporter track or compelling interview clip
• Weave in a series of interview clips and reporter-spoken transitions
• Add ambient sound to lend a sense of place in the storytelling
• Conclude with a reporter track or compelling interview clip that sums up the story

Question 5

When it comes to video why should you have a strong visual understanding of what your story will cover before you start shooting?

Answer 5

So that you will know exactly what you need to shoot while you are out shooting

Question 6

What s B-roll? What should you have B-roll of?

Answer 6

Supplemental footage that relates to your subject; always have B-roll of your interview subject

Question 7

How much B-roll should you have?

Answer 7

It depends on the length of your piece; a good rule of thumb is for a 90-second piece you need to shoot 20-30 minutes of B-roll to try and get a variety of shots

Question 8

What is Nat/Ambient sound? What is its purpose?

Answer 8

Sounds that exist in the real world

Question 9

Why should you wear headphones when recording audio?

Answer 9

So that you can hear the sound before you leave and make sure that it is clear

Question 10

What are 6 tips to shooting better video?

Answer 10

1. Have an understanding of your story before you start shooting
2. Avoid really dark and really bright light
3. Learn to be self-critical and throw out bad video
4. Wear headphones
5. Use a tripod
6. Shoot to edit

Question 11

What’s the proper way to focus a camera?

Answer 11

Zoom all the way in, then focus, then zoom out

Question 12

What’s the sequence to assembling/editing a video package story?

Answer 12

• Lay all primary audio down first
• Add b-roll shots
• Reassemble a narration
• Add natural sound, music beds and transitions

Question 13

Wide shot

Answer 13

Should be able to see person’s entire body, head to feet

Question 14

Close up

Answer 14

Only see head and shoulders

Question 15

Medium shot

Answer 15

From the waist up

Question 16

Extreme close up

Answer 16

Tight shot of the face, eyes, etc.

Question 17

Zoom

Answer 17

Adjusting the focal length of the camera from wide to close (or reverse)

Question 18

Pan

Answer 18

Pivoting a camera from side to side while it’s mounted on a tripod or the camera operator is stationary

Question 19

Tilt

Answer 19

Pivoting the camera up and down from a stationary position

Question 20

Cut in

Answer 20

Tight shot (often from the second camera) of the face or hands to convey body language

Question 21

Cutaway

Answer 21

Supplemental b-roll. Often used if the subject is talking about a particular item or place

Question 22

Depth of field

Answer 22

Focal length of a camera; the smaller the aperture the greater the depth of field

Question 23

Tracking

Answer 23

Physically moving the camera with the subject

Question 24

Inforgraphics

Answer 24

The visualization of data and complex processes combined with art and information architecture

Question 25

Locator map

Answer 25

Offers an X marks the spot depiction of the location

Question 26

Geological map

Answer 26

Shows the Earth’s formations such as fault lines or surface characteristics

Question 27

Surface maps

Answer 27

Correlate numerical data with geographic locations

Question 28

Choropleth map

Answer 28

Categorize numerical data according to value sets

Question 29

Isoline map

Answer 29

Show similarities in bands or blocks of value

Question 30

Dot distribution maps

Answer 30

Use dots to represent value sets

Question 31

Pie chart

Answer 31

Circle graphs that represent parts of a whole

Question 32

Bar chart

Answer 32

Compare data using bars to represent whole amounts

Question 33

Fever chart

Answer 33

Line graphs that compare to related variables

Question 34

Passive diagram

Answer 34

Generally dissect an object and label its parts

Question 35

Active diagram

Answer 35

Both dissect an object and illustrate actual or implied movement

Question 36

Instructives

Answer 36

Explain how something happens or how something works by enabling users to sequentially step through the visual and textual content of the graphic

Question 37

Narratives

Answer 37

Allow the viewer to watch an animated explanation of a process or event

Question 38

Simulations

Answer 38

Allow the user to experience an activity that resembles its real-world equivalent

Question 39

Journalistic Games

Answer 39

Offer highly immersive interactive experiences like traditional gaming while applying strategic story telling