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New Testament > Exam #3 > Flashcards

Exam #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What do we know about the author, date, and recipients of Romans?

A

Author: Paul
Date: mid-50’s A.D.
Recipients: Both Jews and Gentiles who have come to faith in Christ

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2
Q

How did the gospel get to Rome?

A

Probably through Jewish converts at Pentecost

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3
Q

What is different about Paul’s relationship to the Roman believers from most other letters’ recipients?

How does that difference affect the purpose of Romans?

A

Paul has not yet been to Rome.

They may have not heard the gospel message in full.

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4
Q

What is the purpose of Romans?

How do the two main sections contribute to that purpose of the book?

A

to explain the gospel message in detail and its present and future implications for both Jews and Gentiles.

Section 1: The Gospel message (chapters 1-11)

Section 2: Guidance in Christian Living (chapters 12-16)

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5
Q

What are the four main points to Paul’s arguments in Romans 1-11? What possible reason was offered for the fourth point in Paul’s argument?

A
  1. All humanity in sin and under condemnation (Romans 1:1-3:20)
  2. Justified by faith (3:21-5:21)
  3. Presented to God (6-8)
  4. God’s choice of Jews and Gentiles (9-11)
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6
Q

How does Paul describe his attitude toward the gospel in Romans 1, through the three “I am” statements?

A

He desires to come to them (Romans).

I am in debt to all
I am eager
I am not ashamed

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7
Q

How does Paul describe the gospel in Romans 1:16-17? (three ways)

A
  1. It is the power of God to everyone who believes
  2. It reveals God’s righteousness
  3. It is received by faith
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8
Q

In Romans 1:18-32 why is the person who sees God in nature under God’s condemnation? (two things that they do)

A

They suppress the truth and create idols

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9
Q

Why is the person who sees God through the Law under God’s condemnation according to Romans 2:1-3:8?

A

-need answer-

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10
Q

What statement in Romans 3:9-20 summarizes the human condition before God?

A

All people are in bondage to sin and under God’s condemnation

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11
Q

According to Romans 3:21-31, what has God done for us through Christ?

A

God justifies sinners through faith in Jesus, apart from the Law.

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12
Q

What is justification? What two ideas summarize the complete effect of justifying?

A

Justification - being declared/pronounced righteous

  1. the negative is removed; sin is forgiven.
  2. the positive is given; we are credited God’s righteousness
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13
Q

From Romans 6:11, because of our justification, what is our relationship to sin and to God?

A

We are to present the members of our bodies for righteous service

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14
Q

What choice do believers have concerning how they live from Romans 6:11-13?

A

Whether or not to present our bodies for righteous service…?

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15
Q

According to Romans 7, why does our presentation of our bodies to God result in conflict? How does the Law affect this conflict?

A

Conflict: because of the continued impact of sin, fueled by God’s holy standards in the Law.

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16
Q

How does the gospel and God’s sovereign gift of mercy relate to Jews, according to Romans 9:8 and Romans 9:16?

A

Not all Jews are children of promise because God has not shown mercy to all of them.

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17
Q

In Romans 10:9-10, what triggers God’s mercy?

A

Trust in Christ

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18
Q

From Romans 11, what three points summarize the future for Israel?

A
  1. There is a remnant of belief now among Israel
  2. But most of Israel has not believed in Jesus, so Gentiles are now given their chance
  3. A day is coming for all Israel to be saved
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19
Q

According to Romans 11:28-29, what two ideas sum up a proper attitude toward non-Christian Jews today?

A

They are enemies of God now at this time but still are God’s chosen people

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20
Q

How does Paul end his gospel presentation in Romans 11:33-36?

A

Praising the wise plan of God

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21
Q

How does Paul begin the second major section of Romans 12:1-2? What does Paul say should happen to our bodies and our minds?

A

Present their minds and bodies to God

leads to a dedicated life

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22
Q

According to Romans 12-16, what are five results of the dedicated life?

A
  1. The proper functioning of the church (to love and care for one another)
  2. Submission
  3. Owing no doubt, but to love one another
  4. Clothed with Jesus’ life not thinking about gratifying the flesh
  5. Care for the weaker Christian with the use of my liberty in Christ
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23
Q

In light of Paul’s desire to go to Rome in Acts 19, how will Paul get to Rome?

A

He will come to Rome under arrest

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24
Q

How do the events in Ephesus and Corinth (Acts 19-20) foreshadow what awaits Paul in Jerusalem?

A

Persecution in Ephesus

Murder plot in Corinth

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25
Q

What does Agabus the prophet predict about Paul in Acts 21? How does Paul respond?

A

Agabus predicts Paul’s arrest.

Paul responds with no fear

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26
Q

Be able to recognize on a map the general path of Paul’s third missions trip.

A

Rome

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27
Q

What do the Jews do to Paul in Jerusalem in Acts 21 when Paul is in the Temple? How do the Romans respond?

A

Paul is arrested in the temple by the Jews; the Romans rescue Paul and permit him to speak

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28
Q

Why do the Jews reject Paul’s message and begin rioting again in Acts 22?

A

Because Paul talks about going to the Gentiles with the gospel message

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29
Q

What is Paul’s defense before the Sanhedrin in Acts 23? What is the result?

A

He rebukes the High Priest, later apologizes, then sets the Sanhedrin into factions by declaring the resurrection

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30
Q

Is it wrong for Paul to use his status as a Roman and a Pharisee to get out of trouble?

A

No, it advances the gospel.

In contrast with Jesus’ trial where He was silent before His accusers

God uses everything about us to advance the gospel

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31
Q

Why do the Romans send Paul to Caesarea in Acts 23

A

Because there is another plot to kill Paul

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32
Q

Why does Luke record all the trials and hearings for Paul before Festus, Felix, and Agrippa in Acts 24-26?

How does it contribute to the sub-purposes of Acts?

What does it say about Paul and about Christianity in general?

A

To show that Paul is not guilty of anything worthy of punishment or death

Christianity is not a political threat to Rome

vindicates Christianity of any accusations of rebellion against Rome

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33
Q

What does it demonstrate about Paul’s attitude and priorities where he confronts King Agrippa?

A

Paul almost converts Agrippa - the truth cannot be avoided

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34
Q

How do the Jews respond to Paul’s message in Rome in Acts 28? What is Paul’s response to the Jews?

A

Some Jews believe but most do not.

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35
Q

How does Acts end? What are Paul’s living conditions and what is he doing?

A

Paul is under house arrest but is still able to proclaim the gospel in Rome, unhindered

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36
Q

What do we know about the author, date, and place of writing of Ephesians?

What are the four “prison letters”

A

Author: Paul
Date: early 60’s
Place: imprisoned in Rome

Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon

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37
Q

What is Paul’s history with the Christians at Ephesus (from Acts 19-20)?

A

He has spent three years in Ephesus, doing great miracles and converting many

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38
Q

What is the purpose of Ephesians?

How do the two major sections of Ephesians contribute to the purpose of the book?

What problems does Paul address?

A

Purpose: to describe the church’s identity and its members in harmony with one another, resisting evil

Position of the church
Practice of the church

Paul does not address any specific problems. More of a follow-up on his previous warnings.

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39
Q

What phrase, repeated three times, unifies Paul’s “hymn of praise” in Ephesians 1? How does Paul describe God’s blessings bestowed on all Christians?

A

Blessings

Father’s blessings, Son’s blessings, Spirit’s blessings

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40
Q

What is Paul’s prayer for Ephesians in chapter 1:15-23?

A

Prays for the Christian’s enlightenment, that they may comprehend the magnitude of these blessings.

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41
Q

How does Paul describe the Gentiles’ position in the church in Ephesians 2-3?

A

Believing Jews before God as members of the church

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42
Q

What is Paul’s general teaching in Ephesians 4-6, based on Ephesians 4:1?

A

Walk in a manner worthy of your calling

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43
Q

In Ephesians 5:18-21, what does the Spirit’s control enable the Christians to do?

A

Love and submit to one another

44
Q

What three clarifications does Paul name in Ephesians 5-6, to his general instruction to “submit to one another?”

A

Marriage, family, and vocation

45
Q

According to Ephesians 6:10-20, how should Christians respond to the dark powers?

A

Stand firm against them

46
Q

What do we know from the rest of the NT about Paul’s relationship with the Christians at Philippi?

A

He established the church in Philippi on his second missions trip.

The believers financially supported Paul

47
Q

What is the purpose of Philippians?

A

to call for selfless unity and joy in the church treasuring Christ more than personal status or gain

48
Q

What problem(s) does Paul address in Philippians?

A

Avoid dissension.

Conflict between two women in the church

49
Q

How has Paul’s imprisonment advanced the gospel (Philippians 1)?

A

Paul is under arrest in Rome with the result that the gospel is advancing

50
Q

What is Paul’s inner conflict in Philippians 1:21-24?

A

He desires to die to be with Christ, but he wishes to stay for the benefit of the churches

51
Q

From Philippians 2, what is Paul’s basic teaching? How do Jesus, Timothy, and Epaphroditus exemplify the teaching of the chapter?

A

Defer to one another in unity.

Jesus, Timothy, and Epaphroditus are examples of selflessness

52
Q

From Philippians 3, what is the key to developing an attitude of selfless service?

A

All personal gain, reputation, and status is nothing compared to the value of knowing Christ

53
Q

What two attitudes does Paul draw the Philippians towards in his final words to them in chapter 4?

A

Live out the peace and joy that results from focusing on God and what is good

Be content in every circumstance of life

54
Q

Who probably founded the church at Colossae? What is the book’s purpose?

A

Archippus or Epaphras, but not Paul

To guide Christians to true spirituality with Jesus, God Himself, as their only leader

55
Q

What heresy do we see an early form of in Colossians? What did this heresy teach?

A

A philisophical heresy - a forerunner of gnosticism

Stressed knowledge and understanding as the key to reaching God

56
Q

What four things did Paul teach about Christ in Colossians 1-2, to counter this heresy?

A

Jesus created all things together.
Jesus reconciled all things to Himself on the cross.
All God’s deity dwells in Christ.
Jesus in the head over all rule and authority.

57
Q

What four characteristics of true spirituality did the professor identity from Colossians 2-4?

A

Do not yield to legalistic asceticism (self-denial)

Put aside sin as someone who has died

Seek heavenly things and put on love

Let Jesus’ words transform your community life

58
Q

What do we know about Philemon? What is the purpose of the book?

A

He was a wealthy leader of the Colossian church; he owned slaves; the church met in his home

Purpose: to declare equality in Christ among all Christians

59
Q

How are the two books, Philemon and Colossians, related?

A

Both talk about masters treating their slaves with justice and fairness

60
Q

Be able to explain the circumstances leading to the writing of Philemon.

A

Paul urges Philemon to receive Onesimus back into his household. (Onesiums was a runaway slave but became a believer.)

61
Q

What two arguments does Paul use to persuade Philemon to take Onesimus back?

A
  1. Onesimus is a useful servant to Paul and to Christ.

2. Onesimus is now more than a slave, he is a brother in Christ

62
Q

What did the professor offer as a theory to explain Paul’s activities from the of Acts 28 to his death in Rome? What are the circumstances under which 1 Timothy and Titus are written?

A

He was released from imprisonment, traveled to Spain, arrested again, killed in Rome

Paul writes the letters to Timothy after dropping him off to pastor the churches in Ephesus.

63
Q

What are the purposes of 1-2 Timothy and Titus?

A

1 Timothy: To stimulate proper organization of, and behavior in the church

2 Timothy: To encourage Christians to be faithful to God and their ministries even in times of trials

Titus: To promote good behavior in the church resulting from proper organization and teaching in the church, all by God’s grace

64
Q

What do we know about Timothy?

A

Timothy joined Paul’s second missions trip at Lystra, Galatia.

He was already a Christian before he joined Paul.

Timothy was imprisoned at some date, only to be released.

He was also shy.

65
Q

What four guidelines did Paul give for the church to prosper in 1 Timothy?

A
  1. Resist false teachers
  2. Pray for civil peace and freedom to witness
  3. Organize for smooth functioning
  4. Care properly for all sub-groups of believers in the church.
66
Q

How should we pray for civil authorities, according to 1 Timothy 2?

A

civil peace and freedom to witness

67
Q

Under what circumstances was 2 Timothy penned?

Where was Timothy when 2 Timothy was written?

A

2-3 years after 1 Timothy; Paul is imprisoned in Rome.

Not in Rome

68
Q

How is Timothy to respond to trials, according to 2 Timothy 3-4? What role does the Scripture play in that response?

A

To remain strong, to push forward, to follow Paul’s example, proclaim the word.

69
Q

In Titus, what are the two ingredients needed to build up the churches in Crete?

A

Organization and instruction

70
Q

About when were 1-2 Peter written? What evidence do we have for those dates?

A

Probably mid-60’s A.D.

Paul was executed in Rome in 67 A.D.

71
Q

To whom are 1-2 Peter written?

A

Both Jewish and Gentile believers who had been scattered throughout Asia Minor

72
Q

What are the purposes for 1-2 Peter?

A

to encourage believers to do what is right as God’s chosen aliens in a hostile world.

to encourage believers to resist false teachers and to grow in Christ as we look for His return.

73
Q

What simple moral teaching does Peter give in 1 Peter 2-4?

A

“Do what is right.”

stated seven times

74
Q

One what truth is Peter’s moral teaching in chapters 2-3, based in 1 Peter 1?

A

Doing right is based on our position in Christ.

75
Q

What response are we to have toward our persecutors, from 1 Peter 3?

A

Instead of fearing persecutors, we are to live and proclaim the gospel.

76
Q

Whom is Peter denouncing in 2 Peter?

A

false teachers

77
Q

What do we know about the author of 1-2-3 John?

A

The apostle John.

Never named in the books but the author claims apostolic authority as an eyewitness of Jesus.

78
Q

What are the purpose of 1 John?

A

To encourage Christians to live in a way that demonstrates their identity

79
Q

What is the purpose of 2 John?

A

To encourage Christians to love one another as they resist false teachers.

80
Q

What is the purpose of 3 John?

A

To encourage the church to be hospitable toward traveling ministers of the gospel.

81
Q

What phrase depicts the thrust of John’s instruction in 1 John?

What five results to that phrase being lived out did the professor identify?

A

Abiding in Christ

  1. Loving one another
  2. Keeping God’s commands
  3. Testifying to Jesus’ lordship
  4. Living by the Spirit’s power
  5. Hoping in eternal life
82
Q

How do we interpret the figure of speech used to describe the recipients of 2 John?

A

“elect lady and her children”

1- unnamed women who is hosting the church in her home
-or-
2- a local church and its members

83
Q

How should believers respond to false teachers, from 2 John?

A

They should not let false teachers say in their homes

84
Q

To whom is 3 John written? What do we know about him?

A

Gaius - a leader in the local church (unspecified)

85
Q

To what person is John reacting with his message in 3 John? What is that person doing and why (possibly) is he doing it?

A

Diotrephes - not quite sure what he has done. Maybe, Diotrephes’ authority was becoming dominant over other leaders in the church

86
Q

What do we know about the author of Jude?

A

Jude - half-brother of Jesus (brother of James)

87
Q

What is the purpose of Jude?

A

to warn churches against false teachers as they contend for the faith

88
Q

How are 2 Peter 2 and Jude similar?

A

Both speak against false teachers

89
Q

What were the false teachers saying, according to Jude? How are Christians to respond to these teachings?

A

Antinomian -“anything goes because of grace”

90
Q

Who wrote Hebrews?
What men and women are identified as likely authors?
To what readers did the author write Hebrews?

A

Author: unknown

Some say Paul, others disagree
Barnabus, Apollos Priscilla, and Luke

91
Q

When was Hebrews written? How do we know that approximate date?

A

between 68-70 A.D.

no mention of the temple destruction which took place in 70 A.D.
Timothy is cited as just being released from jail, so after 68 A.D.

92
Q

What is the purpose of Hebrews?

A

to encourage wavering Jewish Christians to remain loyal to Jesus by proving the superiority of Jesus and the new covenant

93
Q

How do the five warnings in the book contribute to the purpose of Hebrews?

A 
Do not drift away from salvation
Do not fall away from the living God
Press on to maturity and don't fall away
Do not undervalue your forgiveness
Do not turn away from Jesus
94
Q

How does Hebrews 1:1-3 portray Jesus Christ?

A

Jesus is the preeminent Son of God

95
Q

Why is it important to the purpose of Hebrews to show that Jesus is superior to the angels? To show that Jesus is superior to Moses and Joshua? To Aaron and the Levitical priesthood?

A

It proves Judaism is inferior to Christianity

Do not shrink back as the Jews did, coming out of Egypt

New Covenant is superior to the Old Covenant; Christianity is superior to Judaism

96
Q

What do we know about the author and date of Revelation?

A

The apostle John

mid-90’s A.D.

97
Q

What is the purpose of Revelation?

A

to comfort and exhort Christians to godly living by revealing the events taking place before, during, and after Jesus’ return

98
Q

What are the three main sections of Revelation? What verses yield that outline?

A

What you have seen (Revelation 1)
Things which are (Revelation 2-3)
Things taking place after these things (Revelation 4-22)

99
Q

What two characters are the center of the scene in Revelation 4-5?

A

God and the Lamb

100
Q

What events begin as the seven seals as the book are opened in Revelation 6-7?

A

the judgement of earth during the great tribulation

101
Q

Where is the church during this time of Revelation 6-7? How do the two views, pre-tribulation rapture of the church and post-tribulation rapture of the church, approach this question?

A

Pretribulation - the church is caught up at the beginning of the tribulation. Christians are promised they won’t have to endure God’s wrath.

Posttribulation - the church goes through the tribulation and is raptured at Jesus’ second coming. God partailly protects Christians through the tribulation.

102
Q

What happens during the first 42 months of the tribulation? What changes during the second 42 months, according to Daniel 9, 12, and Revelation 13?

A

First 42 months -God’s elect are protected from the dragon’s wrath

Second 42 months - Satan and the his beast persecute the elect

103
Q

From Revelation 20, what events occur between the defeat of Satan in chapter 19 and the ushering in of eternity in chapters 21-22?

A

Satan is bound as Jesus rules for 1,000 years
Satan is released and judged by God
Then all the earth is judged at the great, white throne

104
Q

What is the final appeal of Revelation 22?

A

Come!

105
Q

What is the purpose of the New Testament?

A

To reveal God’s finished plan of blessing all humanity through Jesus Christ to His own glory.

106
Q

How is the purpose of the New Testament played out (4 ways)?

A
  1. Jesus has provided forgiveness of sin through His death
  2. Jesus has made God known, giving His followers the moral path of right living in ways that glorify God.
  3. The church, Spirit-empowered, proclaims the gospel
  4. Plans are completed for the restoration of God’s rule over the earth when evil is defeated and judged at the return of Christ.

New Testament (2 decks)

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