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Music History II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Claude Debussy

A

Leading impressionist, early Wagnerian, Nuage, Prelude a l’après midi d’un faune, chord streaming and planing, chromatic

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2
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Psychologist impacted Expressionism and Primitivism

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3
Q

Primitivism

A

Underlying influence in the human, primitive ways and ugliness

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4
Q

Richard Strauss

A

Salome based on Wilde, psychosis

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5
Q

Stravinsky

A

Primitivism Russian, Rite of Spring

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6
Q

Sergei Diaghilev

A

Ballet impresario sponsored Stravinsky

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7
Q

Impressionism

A

From Monet’s Impression: Sunrise, captures first glances rather than detail, blurring of light, related to literary Symbolism

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8
Q

Expressionism

A

Ugly, human depths stream of consciousness, clashing, Kandinsky, Schoenberg

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9
Q

Wassily Kandinsky

A

Painted Schoenberg

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10
Q

Synesthesia

A

Mixing senses

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11
Q

Second Viennese School

A

Schoenberg, Berg, atonality

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12
Q

Arnold Schoenberg

A

Twelve tone serialism, Pierrot Lunaire , Sprechstimme, pantonalism

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13
Q

Alban Berg

A

Wozzeck, 5 movement symphony, Schoenberg’s student

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14
Q

Anton Webern

A

Shoenbergs student, serialism in organization from klangfarbenmelodie, musically economical

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15
Q

Charles Ives

A

Insurance clerk, all sounds beautiful, Concord Sonata, American, musical kid

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16
Q

Modernism

A

post WW1, newness and futuristic ideals, serialism, electronic

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17
Q

Neoclassicism

A

return to Classical forms and textures, Satie, late Stravinsky

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18
Q

Les Six

A

neoclassical objectivity and tonality: Louis Durey, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Germaine Tailleferre, Francis Pouenc, Georges Auric

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19
Q

Paul Hindemith

A

unified movements (science, modernism, neoclassicism) within his music, spatial chord relationships, Mathis der Maler, German progressivism

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20
Q

Gebrachmusik

A

practical music by Hindemith, also Bartok, pragmatism over self-expression

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21
Q

Bela Bartok

A

first big ethnomusicologist, researched folk tunes and fused with West

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22
Q

socialist realism

A

Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Soviet Union and everybody can listen to good music! Art should appeal to and glorify the common people

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23
Q

Dimitri Shostakovich

A

Lady Macbeth, Symphony no.5,

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24
Q

Dimitri Shostakovich

A

Lady Macbeth, Symphony no.5, tension with Soviets

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25
Q

Nadia Boulanger

A

French composition teacher, taught Aaron Copland’s generation

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26
Q

Aaron Copland

A

American composer, Rodeo, Appalachian Spring, Billy the Kid

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27
Q

Martha Graham

A

choreographed Appalachian Spring

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28
Q

William Grant Still

A

first major African American composer, Afro-American Symphony

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29
Q

George Gershwin

A

classical jazz fusion, American twang

30
Q

Total Control

A

rigid new music embodied by the limits of total serialism

31
Q

Olivier Messiaen

A

serial composer, religious themes, avant-garde

32
Q

Musique concrete

A

early electronic music marked by tape recorders and outside sound collection

33
Q

Musique concrete

A

early electronic music marked by tape recorders and outside sound collection

34
Q

Darmstadt School

A

Stockhausen’s total control serialism school, Kontra-Punkte for chamber orchestra

35
Q

Karlheinz Stockhausen

A

total serialism, German serialist and later postmodernist

36
Q

Milton Babbitt

A

American serial and electronic composer

37
Q

John Cage

A

indeterminate/aleatoric composer, pushed boundaries of sound

38
Q

intdeterminacy/aleatoric process

A

giving freedom of certain elements of music, commonly thought as essential to predetermine (form, tone, etc.)

39
Q

postmodernism

A

accepts a variety of styles and does not accept one over the other, rejecting modernism

40
Q

minimalism

A

transcendent aesthetic, using the least amount of notes possible to express the idea

41
Q

Ellen Taaffe Zwilich

A

Peanuts, Symphony No. 1 Pulitzer Prize, postmodernist

42
Q

Steve Reich

A

minimalist, electronic and live performances, Piano Phase, Come Out

43
Q

Phillip Glass

A

minimalist, Einstein on the Beach

44
Q

John Luther Adams

A

minimalist, Nixon in China, The Place Where You Go to Listen, soundscape playing

45
Q

Bebop

A

virtuosic freedom and liberal harmonies, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Theolonious Monk

46
Q

Cool Jazz

A

intimate, laid back and blended sound, Miles Davis, Stan Kenton, Dave Brubeck

47
Q

Dixieland

A

New Orleans, banjo, tuba, double bass, solo winds (inc. clarinet), straightforward harmonies, improv, African American blues influence

48
Q

Big Band Jazz

A

classic swing, large ensemble, Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald

49
Q

Second New England School

A

German influence, American folk and subcultures: George Chadwick, Edward MacDowell, Horatio Parker, Amy Beach, John Knowles Paine, Arthur Foote

50
Q

The Mighty Five

A

incorporated folk and nationalist styles: Alexander Borodin, Cesar Cui, Mily Balakirev, Modest Mussorgsky, Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov

51
Q

Verismo

A

Italian realist opera, lots of stabbing, violent contrasts

-Cavalleria rusticana (Mascagni), I pagliacci, La Boheme (puccini)

52
Q

Johannes Brahms

A

German composer trained in traditions of Mendelssohn and Schumann, traditional forms and styles on steroids, counterpoint master, anti-New German School poster child

53
Q

Richard Wagner

A

New German school, gesamtkunstwerk (universal collective artwork), leitmotiv/grundthemen, Oper und Drama, The Ring, Gotterdammerung, Tristan und Isolde

54
Q

symphonic poem

A

poems expressed in tones rather than words, Lisztian single-movement orchestral works with programmatic material

55
Q

New German School

A

Lizst and Wagner, expression over structure

56
Q

New German School

A

Lizst and Wagner, expression over structure

57
Q

Program Symphony

A

Berlioz, idee fixe, Symphonie fanastique, contains programmatic content with music

58
Q

Felix Mendelssohn

A

German, orchestral music, concert overture (like opera overture with classical sonata or symphonic poem form)

59
Q

Frederic Chopin

A

Polish/French, played at salons, incorporated native dances (mazurka, polonaise), lyrical, chromatic harmonic overloading, fluid

60
Q

Franz Liszt

A

Hungarian piano virtuoso, tours, regulated solo recital

61
Q

Giuseppe Verdi

A

Romantic Italian opera, librettos from literary sources (Hugo, Byron, Schiller, Shakespeare) and Francesco Piave, emotional situations reflect life (father figure and dead family), La Traviata, Nabucco

62
Q

French Grand Opera

A

more Romantic, elaborate sets, costumes and stage effects, Meyerbeer, Auber

63
Q

Bel Canto

A

beautiful singing, embellished melodies and improvisational cadenzas, emphasizes vocal agility and technique

64
Q

Carl Maria von Weber

A

German Romantic opera, Dresden, Der Freischutz (the free marksman)

65
Q

song cycle

A

collection of songs unified in theme and progression

66
Q

Robert Schumann

A

German composer and journalist, Neue Zeitschrift fur Musik (New Music Journal), discusses music and literary form via Davidsbundler

67
Q

Franz Schubert

A

Viennese composer, piano, chamber, symphony, music=text in lied, Die shone Mulerin, Erlkonig

68
Q

Lied

A

German art songs, strophic

69
Q

Divertimento

A

less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites

70
Q

Divertimento

A

less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites

71
Q

Divertimento

A

less formal entertainment situations for nobles, small suites

Music History II (2 decks)

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