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SPPA 461 - Basic Audiometry > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

At which frequency levels do we conduct stapedial reflex threshold testing?

A

250, 500, & 1,000 Hz

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2
Q

Stapedial reflex threshold definition & values

A

Lowest dB level at which we see the muscle contract. Normally present at 65 to 70 dB above A/C threshold.

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3
Q

Stapedial reflex threshold is ______ in conductive hearing loss patients.

A

absent

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4
Q

Stapedial reflex threshold is _____ than normal in patients w/ cochlear lesions & _____ than normal in patients w/ neural lesions.

A

Cochlear: lower than normal (65-70 dB above threshold)

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5
Q

Stapedial reflex decay is significant in patients with ______ lesions

A

neural

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6
Q

Recruitment vs. Decruitment

A

Recruitment: more sensitive to loudness; cochlear lesion
Decruitment: less sensitive to loudness; neural lesion

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7
Q

At what level does the reflex pathway cross over?

A

Superior olivary complex

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8
Q

Stapedial reflex decay procedure

A

Test at 10 dB above stapedial reflex threshold, hold for 10 seconds. Significant if amplitude is reduced by 50% or greater during the first 5 seconds of stimulation (nerve becomes fatigued)

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9
Q

Where are the electrodes for ABR placed?

A

3 electrodes: one on top of head, one behind each ear

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10
Q

ABR provides information about hearing status between which frequencies?

A

1,000-4,000 Hz

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11
Q

Where do each of the 5 ABR waves come from?

A

I and II: auditory nerve
III: cochlear nucleus
IV: SOC
V: lateral lemniscus

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12
Q

Which wave tells us about the degree of loss?

A

V

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13
Q

Absolute latency for ABR

A

Wave I: 2 ms
Wave III: 4 ms
Wave V: 6 ms

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14
Q

Relative/interpeak latency for ABR

A

Between I to III and III to V: 2 ms

Between I to V: 4 ms

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15
Q

ABR profile for cochlear lesion or conductive hearing loss

A

Absolute latencies are prolonged/abnormal

Interpeak latencies are normal

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16
Q

ABR profile for neural lesion

A

Absolute latencies are prolonged/abnormal

Interpeak latencies are abnormal

17
Q

OAEs test the function of what?

A

The outer hair cells

18
Q

Why is OAE testing done at low intensities (38-40 dB)?

A

OHCs work primarily @ lower intensities (the stereocilia make contact w/ the tectorial membrane)

19
Q

TEOAEs

A

Transient Evoked. Clicks or tonebursts at 1,000-4,000 Hz

20
Q

DPOAEs

A

Distortion Product. Pairs of puretones. Give more reliable/valid results in noise (e.g., NICU).

21
Q

What outer ear pathologies might cause conductive hearing loss?

A

Absence of pinna, closure of EAM, otitis externa, foreign objects in EAM

22
Q

Otitis media w/ effusion

A

Fluid persists because of bacterial infection (acute cases are usually viral). Chronic if lasting for 4 months of longer.

23
Q

What are some possible causes of OME?

A

Eustachian tube dysfunction, suppressed immune system, head-neck abnormalities, passive smoking, group day care attendance, socio-economic factors, & genetics.

24
Q

Why are kids <5 more susceptible to OME?

A

Their eustachian tubes are shorter & straighter.

25
Q

Why is passive smoking a risk factor for OME?

A

It causes vasoconstriction and increases blood viscosity, which deceases blood flow to the inner ear.

26
Q

Tympanocentesis

A

Sampling the middle ear fluid to determine bacterial cause of infection

27
Q

Myringotomy

A

ENT drains the fluid from the middle ear

28
Q

PE tubes

A

Pressure equalization. Tiny valve placed in TM to help with eustachian tube dysfunction

29
Q

What will the tympanogram of someone who has OME look like?

A

Type B (flat)

30
Q

What will the tympanogram of someone who has otosclerosis look like?

A

Shallower than normal (type AS)

31
Q

What will the tympanogram of someone who has eustachian tube dysfunction look like?

A

Type C - negative middle ear pressure, peak @ <-100

32
Q

What causes otosclerosis?

A

Calcification of the stapes bone fixes it to the oval window

33
Q

What will the audiometric profile of someone w/ otosclerosis look like?

A

Bilateral conductive HL w/ poorer B/C thresholds @ 2,000 Hz (AKA Carhart notch)

34
Q

OAEs will be ______ in patients w/ conductive HL

A

absent

SPPA 461 - Basic Audiometry (3 decks)

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