Exam 3 Flashcards
Togatus
A man wearing a toga
Italic
language used in Ancient Rome
Fibulae
An ornamental brooch rather like a safety pin
Villanovans
The general name given to the Iron Age inhabitants of central and northern Italy; early Etruscans, formerly thought of as different people
Etruria
An ancient country of central Italy, corresponding to present-day Tuscany and part of Umbria
Bucchero
Fine black polished pottery made by the Etruscans, especially in the 7th and 6th centuries BC
Impasto
Thick grayish pottery made by many Iron Age communities in Italy
Tumuli
The type of round burial mound used by Etruscans
Cella
An enclosed room of a temple, usually housing the cult statue
Capitolium
The main temple for civic worship in Roman colonies.
Named for the deities (Jupiter, Juno, + Minerva) who were venerated on the Capitol in Rome
Vulca
Etruscan artist from the town of Veii, only one mentioned
Worked with last of the Roman kings, Taquinius Superbus
Made terracotta statue of Jupiter from inside Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill
Alae
A small room, as an alcove, opening into a larger room or courtyard
Sarcophagi
A container to hold a dead body. Usually made of stone, but can also be of terracotta, wood, or metal
Cistae
Bronze toilet chests that women kept their mirrors in. It was typically decorated on the exterior with incised designs and with small figures that served as handles on the lid
Tarquinius Superbus
Last Etruscan king
Fauces
The formal name for the entryway into a Roman house. Literally “jaws” in Latin
Atrium
The central room of a traditional Roman house
Impluvium
A small pool that catches the rain coming through an opening in the roof in the middle of the atrium of a Roman house
Tablinum
The main reception room off the atrium in an elegant Roman house
Triclinium
A dining room
Peristyle
The rectangular courtyard or garden of a Greek or Roman house
Cubiculum
An underground burial chamber in Imperial Rome, such as those found in the catacombs
Pozzolana
Volcanic earth from the area of Pozzuoli, near Naples, which sets hard like cement after it is mixed with water. The active ingredient in Roman cement
Forum
The public open space in a Roman city or town, originally used as a market; the center of political and administrative activities
Cloaca Maxima
One of the world’s earliest sewage systems
Agger
An earthen mound piled up in front of a ditch to provide extra protection for a town or camp wall
Curia
Senate house
Comitium
Place where all the political and judicial activity took place
Lapis Niger
An ancient shrine associated with Vulcan in the Roman forum
Sacra Via
Main Street of Ancient Rome leading from the top of the Capitoline Hill, through some of the religious sites of the forum, to the Colosseum
Regia
Originally the residence of the kings of Rome
Basilica
The conventional name for halls built to accommodate a crowd of people for civic and administrative purposes
Rostra
The prows of captured ships set up in the Roman forum and used as a pulpit for public speeches
Castrum
Latin for camp. Used for the rectangular ground plan of Roman colonial settlements that followed a similar layout
Cardo
The name for a north-south street in the rectangular grid system
Decumanus
An east-west street in the grid layout of Roman towns
Suovetaurilia
A sacrifice for purification requiring a big, a sheep, and a bull
Verism
The artistic preference of contemporary everyday subject matter instead of heroic or legendary in art and literature
Patricians
Citizens who were members of noble families
Equestrians
Knights in ancient Rome
Plebians
Citizens who made up the common people; not members of the noble families
Nodus
A localised swelling (or knot) or a point of intersection
Freedmen
An emancipated slave. Freed slaves equally became wealthy and important figures during the period of the Roman empire
Dictator
A person with sweeping powers appointed in a time of crisis to restore the government or defend the state
Princeps
“First Citizen”, official title of a Roman Emperor
Res Gestae
“things done”
Exedra
A large curving space set back in a wall or colonnade. Generally uncovered and bigger than an apse.
Oculus
The round opening in a dome to let in light
