Exam 3: 21, 22, 23 Flashcards
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Acid chloride - Acid Anhydride - Ester - Amide
Rules for Carboxylic Rxns
Can hydrolyze (H2O/H3O+) to a carboxylic acid to go from less reactive to more reactive
Acid Chloride - Synthesis from Carboxylic Acid
NTK a synthesis
NTK mechanism
Acid Chloride - Hydrolysis
Acid Chloride - Reduction
LiAlH4 - very reactive so will immediately react again
Remember water is reacted separately otherwise it would react in the first reaction
Acid Chloride - Grignard Reagent
MgBr- very reactive so will immediately react again
Acid Anhydride - Synthesis from carboxylic acid
NTK a synthesis
NTK mechanism
Acid Anhydride - Synthesis from acid chloride
NTK a synthesis
NTK mechanism
Ester Rxns - Synthesis from Carboxylic Acid (Fisher Esterfication)
NTK mechanism - Only rxn that uses reverse arrows. Any strong acid.
Ester Rxns - Synthesis from acid chloride
NTK mechanism
Ester Rxns - Synthesis from acid anhydride
NTK mechanism
Ester Rxns - Intramolecular esterfication
Ester Rxns - Hydrolysis Acid Promoted
Ester Rxns - Hydrolysis Base Promoted aka Saponification
NTK mechanism
May say (aq) which just means its in water (may not say water)
Reaction continues forward with -OH
Eventually makes salt (carboxylate ion) (hence Na+)
Ester Rxns - Reduction
Remember reaction continues bc LiAlH4 is very reactive
Ester Rxns - Grignard Reagent
Remember reaction continues bc MgBr is very reactive
Remember O ends up in the middle
Amide Rxns - Synthesis from Carboxylic Acid
NTK mechanism
Amide Rxns - Synthesis from acid chloride
NTK mechanism
Amide Rxns - Synthesis from acid anhydride
NTK mechanism
Amide Rxns - Synthesis from ester
NTK mechanism
Amide Rxns - Intramolecular amide formation
Amide Rxns - Gillman Reagent
Amide to Anhydride
Acid chloride to Amide
