Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CSD 210 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basis of higher level functioning

A

Abstract processing, interconnected brain networks through emphasis on association areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some examples of higher level functions

A

Cognitive & behavioral control, language, retentive memory, spatial cognition, and face & object recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which anatomically define large-scale network is most relevant for language

A

Perisylvian network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which anatomically define large-scale network is most relevant for spatial cognition

A

Parietofrontal network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which anatomically define large-scale network is most relevant for face & object recognition

A

Occipitotemporal network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which anatomically define large-scale network is most relevant for retentive memory

A

Limbic network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which anatomically define large-scale network is most relevant for cognitive and behavioral control

A

Prefrontal network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does perisylvian refer to

A

Perimeter/surrounding areas of Sylvian fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does spatial cognition refer to

A

Dorsal “where” network and functions for orientation + complex navigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does face and object recognition refer to

A

Ventral “what” network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The primary brain areas concerned with language are arrayed

A

Along and near the Sylvian fissure (lateral sulcus) of the ‘categorical hemisphere’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is hemisphere lateralization

A

Each hemisphere is responsible for for different functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does higher level functions of the brain operate

A

Integration of association areas to support greater functions and becomes a system of decoding information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do association areas correspond to different parts of the brain

A

Different networks have different association areas that are great in number of intersection on points/connections that are adjacent/close to the correlating primary areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the specific functional area of Broca’s Area

A

Word formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the specific functional area of Limbic Association Area

A

Behavior, emotions, motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the specific functional area of Wernicke’s Area

A

Language comprehension intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Communication

A

Receiving, understanding and expressing information, feelings and ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Language

A

Symbolic representation of thoughts (spoken, written, signed), a connection of through/meaning to an object of identification/symbolic representation through any modality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Speech

A

Motor programming and neuromuscular execution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is abstract mapping

A

An arbitrary assignment to a symbol in language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is an example of abstract mapping

A

A picture of a dog with the word dog assigned to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Phonology

A

Rules governing the sounds that can exist and the way that they can exist in combinations based on organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Morphology

A

Rules governing how words are formed (prefix/suffixes) as inputs that can change the meaning of the words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Semantics
Rules governing the meaning of words and combinations by the meaning being attached to representations of arbitrary symbols
26
Syntax
Rules governing how words are combined to form sentences (subject/verb/object as how English is formed & governed)
27
Pragmatics
Rules governing the use of language in context through social abilities within a specific place/environment
28
What are the language areas of the brain
Broca's Area, Wernicke's Area, Arcuate fasciculus, Exner's Area, Angular gyrus, Visual word form area, Insula
29
What is the arcuate fasciculus serve as
Conduction area
30
What is Broca's Area responsible for
Language production, formation of words, ordering of words (syntax) as an order/sequence of words, and output for spoken language
31
What is important structure is located near the Broca's area
Interior gyrus
32
What are some connections of Broca's Area
Connections with the adjacent primary motor areas that control muscles of the larynx, mouth, tongue, soft palate, and respiratory muscles
33
Why are the connections of Broca's Area important
They are connections for motor speech as they are speech articulators that assist with language production and output for spoken language
34
What is important structure is located near Wernicke's area
Posterior/superior portion of the superior temporal gyrus
35
What Brodmann's Areas are associated with Broca's Area
44, 45
36
What Brodmann's Area is associated with Wernicke's Area
22
37
What is Wernicke's Area responsible for
Surrounds the primary auditory cortex, involved in spoken word comprehension,
38
How does the association of Wernicke's Area to the primary auditory cortex help its function
Its location allows for language comprehension to occur as word mapping of auditory information can be assigned to symbols
39
How does Wernicke's Area receive information
Receives fibers from the visual cortex as written information and the auditory cortex
40
How does the overall placement of Wernicke's Area help its overall language comprehension
Its association areas of both auditory & visual information permits understanding of written and spoken language to enable a person to read a sentence, understand it, and say it out loud to emphasize spoken word comprehension and reading
41
What is the arcuate fasciculus
White matter tract between Broca's and Wernicke's
42
What are other names for the arcuate fasciculus
Superior longitudinal fasciculus, "conduction area"
43
What does the arcuate fasciculus serve as
The connection between Wernicke's Area to Broca's Area
44
True or False: One can have different types of aphasia based on the location of the damage
True
45
What is the arcuate fasciculus important for
Repeating and speaking a written word
46
How does the arcuate fasciculus operate
Transmits information for production and comprehension based on the associated Broca's and Wernicke's Areas that it corresponds/connects to
47
Which structure is adjacent to visual receptive areas
Angular Gyrus
48
Is the angular gyrus dorsal or ventral
Dorsal
49
What is the function of the angular gyrus
Perception and comprehension of written language, as well as other language processing functions such as reading, writing, and narrative comprehension
50
How do lesions exist to the angular gyrus
Lesions divide the pathway between the visual association area and the anterior part of the Wernicke's area
51
What are some results of lesions to the angular gyrus
Results in impaired reading (alexia) and/or writing (agraphia)
52
Alexia
Impaired reading
53
Agraphia
Impaired writing
54
What is a lesion
Abnormal or damaged tissue caused by injury, infection, or disease
55
Why does the location of the angular gyrus matter
Because it has great connection to many areas/lobes to contextualize information for it to exist as a cross modal hub
56
What is the angular gyrus adjacent to
Wernicke's Area and occipital lobe
57
What does VWF refer to
Visual Word Form Area
58
What makes up the association processing
Dorsal and ventral streams
59
Dorsal stream is a representation of
Where
60
Ventral stream is a representation of
What
61
What is associated with the dorsal stream of association processing
Integrated motion, temporal, and spatial
62
What is associated with the ventral stream of association processing
Complex and cognitive aspects: recognizing objects, faces, visual memory, reading
63
What structure is the dorsal stream of association processing associated with
Angular gyrus
64
What is the ventral stream of association processing associated with
VWF
65
How does the angular gyrus operate in language as a part of association processing
It works to process meaning by wanting to decompose words to phonemes through learning to read by breaking down and mapping sounds
66
As readers, do we use VWF
Yes because we do not need to decode every letter each time based on VWF
67
True or False: There is a debate on the exact function of the insula
True
68
Where is the insula located
Underneath the Sylvian fissure
69
What is the function of the insula
Relays somatosensory information, planning and coordinating speech/language, swallowing, cognition
70
What are the boundaries of the insula
Beneath the lateral fissure which is hidden under the area where the temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes come together
71
What are the left hemisphere functions
Fast temporal processing, acoustic timing, integration of information over time, speech and efficiency, details, verbal ability
72
What are the left hemisphere communication functions
Literal meaning of words and phrases, vocabulary within personal lexicon, linguistic prosody, pitch and intonation changing across time
73
What are the right hemisphere functions
Spectral processing, big picture (gestalt), musical ability, and emotion recognition
74
What does gestalt refer to
How the human brain perceives experiences as a whole
75
What are the right hemisphere communication functions
Abstract language (metaphors & poetry), getting the big picture of language (jokes, implications, theme), emotional prosody (happy vs. angry)
76
True or False: Communication functions typically are lateralized
True
77
What is the left hemisphere essentially specialized for
Literal, sequential aspects of language such as semantics and syntax
78
What specializes in language comprehension
Superior temporal lobe and the Wernicke's Area
79
What specializes in language production
Inferior frontal gyrus and the Broca's Area
80
What is the right hemisphere essentially specialized for
Holistic, spatial aspects of language such as emotional prosody, figurative language

CSD 210 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions