exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Certification

A

The process teachers must complete to qualify for teaching jobs, such as meeting state requirements

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2
Q

Teacher Licensure

A

Official authorization for teachers to teach in a state

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3
Q

School Board

A

A group that oversees local schools and policies

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4
Q

Employment Contract

A

The legal agreement between a teacher and the school district outlining job terms

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5
Q

American with Disabilities Act (ADA)

A

Protects the rights of students and staff with disabilities

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6
Q

Property Right

A

Legal rights teachers have to their jobs under certain conditions

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7
Q

Academic Freedom

A

Teachers’ ability to teach ideas freely without fear of job loss

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8
Q

Tinker v. Des Moines

A

Supreme Court case about student free speech; ruled students can express themselves if it doesn’t disrupt learning

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9
Q

FERPA

A

Law protecting student education records’ privacy

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10
Q

The First Amendment

A

Protects freedoms, including speech and religion, relevant to schools for student and teacher rights

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11
Q

The Fourth Amendment

A

Protects against unlawful searches; applies to student locker searches

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12
Q

School District of Abington Township v. Schempp

A

Case banning school-sponsored Bible readings

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13
Q

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

A

Case banning school-sponsored prayer at events

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14
Q

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

A

Allowed school vouchers for private religious schools

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15
Q

Culture

A

Shared beliefs and practices in a community

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16
Q

Field Dependent Cognitive Style

A

Students rely on external guidance and context for learning

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17
Q

Field Independent Cognitive Style

A

Students work best alone and focus on details

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18
Q

Procedural Due Process

A

The steps required to ensure fairness in legal actions

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19
Q

Multicultural Education

A

Teaching that values diverse cultures

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20
Q

Affirmative Action

A

Policies to increase opportunities for underrepresented groups

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21
Q

Disparate Treatment

A

Unequal treatment of individuals based on characteristics like race or gender

22
Q

Reverse Discrimination

A

Discrimination against majority groups

23
Q

English Language Learners (ELL)

A

Students learning English as a second language

24
Q

Migrant Education

A

Programs for children of migrant workers

25
Compensatory Education Programs
Help disadvantaged students catch up academically
26
Fair Use Doctrine
Teachers can use copyrighted materials under specific conditions
27
Substantive Due Process
Protection of fundamental rights
28
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
Ruled schools can search students with reasonable suspicion
29
Safford Unified School District v. Redding
Ruled strip searches of students violated Fourth Amendment rights
30
Malfeasance
Illegal acts by teachers or administrators
31
Bullying
Repeated aggressive behavior causing harm
32
Society
The larger community schools serve
33
Nonfeasance
Failure to act when required
34
Bakke Decision
Allowed race to be a factor in college admissions
35
Instructional Malpractice
Teachers failing to properly teach students
36
Native Americans
Recognizing and incorporating Native cultures in education
37
Hispanic Americans
Recognizing and supporting Hispanic cultures in schools
38
Misfeasance
Doing your job incorrectly
39
Negligence
Failing to protect students from harm
40
Culturally Responsive Teaching
Teaching that respects students’ cultural backgrounds
41
Inclusion
Integrating all students, including those with disabilities, into regular classrooms
42
Enculturation
Learning cultural norms and values
43
Engel v. Vitale
Banned official school prayers
44
Eighth Amendment
Protects against cruel and unusual punishment, applied to discipline in schools
45
Vouchers
Allow parents to use public funds for private school tuition
46
School to Prison Pipeline
Practices that push students from schools into the criminal justice system
47
Rights of Students in Locker Searches and Drug Testing
Schools have the right to search students’ lockers and belongings if there is reasonable suspicion, as established in New Jersey v. T.L.O.. Additionally, random drug testing is permitted for students participating in extracurricular activities to ensure safety and maintain a drug-free environment.
48
Due Process Rights of Teachers vs. Students
Teachers are entitled to procedural due process, which includes formal hearings and clear reasons for dismissal to protect their employment rights. Similarly, students must be granted due process when facing disciplinary actions like suspension or expulsion, which ensures they have the opportunity to hear evidence and defend themselves.
49
Handling Student Violence in Writings/Artwork
If a student’s writing or artwork shows signs of violence, the teacher should first discuss the content privately with the student to understand their intent. If a threat is evident, the teacher must report it to school administration. The situation should also involve school counseling and intervention services to address underlying issues.
50
Impact of “In Loco Parentis”
The concept of “in loco parentis,” meaning “in place of parents,” gives schools the responsibility to act as caregivers during school hours. Teachers must ensure student safety while respecting their rights, such as avoiding unreasonable searches, balancing authority with legal protections.
51
Cognitive Style
Field-dependent learners thrive in group settings and rely on external structure, while field-independent learners prefer working alone and focusing on details. For example, if you are field-dependent, you may find group projects and guided instruction helpful, while a field-independent approach suits those who prefer self-paced, independent tasks.
52
Five Approaches to Multicultural Education
The five approaches to multicultural education include the contributions approach, additive curriculum, and social action, among others. The social action approach is particularly appealing as it promotes student engagement in real-world issues. Teachers can implement this by integrating cultural perspectives and encouraging students to create projects addressing social change.