Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO 137 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Originates in reticular formation; controls muscles of upper and lower limbs and contains descending analgesic pathways.

A

Reticulospinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ipsilateral; carries vibration, visceral pain, deep & discrimination touch, and proprioception signals from midthoracic & lower parts of the body

A

Gracile fasciculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contralateral; carries pain signals from tissue injury; has fourth order neurons

A

Spinoreticular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following fractures would be least likely to cause a spinal cord injury?

A

A fracture of vertebra L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following nerves originates in the sacral/coccygeal plexus?

A

Gluteal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following branches of a spinal nerve have somas of solely sensory neurons?

A

Posterior root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This branchial, plexus nerve innervated the brachialis and biceps brachii muscles

A

Musculocutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A mixed nerve consists of both____.

A

Sensory and motor fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the______.

A

Cauda equina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

These are all properties of reflexes except

A

Reflexes are voluntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following best describes the order of a somatic reflex?

A

Somatic receptor—> afferent nerve fiber—> interneuron—> efferent nerve fiber—> skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A reflex for the sensory input and motor output are on the same side of the spinal cord is called a(n)____ reflex arc.

A

Ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The tendon reflex

A

Prevents the other contraction of a muscle that might tear a tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

You go to the movies after a long day of studying A&P and you begin to non-off as soon as the movie starts your head starts to lower, but the reflex causes your head to rise. This is called a

A

Stretch(myotatic) reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

On your way down the hill to the RPC building for class you left foot finds a very sharp rock that causes pain even through your shoe. What type of reflex did your left leg have

A

Flexor (withdraw) reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The following are all major components of the brain stem except

A

The pre-Central gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The medulla oblongata develops from this secondary embryonic vessel

A

Myelencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

From superficial to deep the menings occurring this order

A

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid serves these purposes except

A

To provide oxygen and nutrients to the nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The blood – brain barrier (BBB) is most permeable to

A

Glucose and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by choroid plexuses in the______ventricles and reabsorbed by ________ superior sagittal sinus

A

Lateral, third, and fourth; arachnoid villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The respiratory and reflex centers are found in

A

The medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Th____ Function(s) in visual attention, such as to look and follow the flight of a butterfly

A

Superior colliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The degeneration of neurons in the structure, which inhibits unwanted body movements, leads to the muscle tremors of Parkinson’s disease

A

Substantia nigra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The arbor vitae is a structure found in

A

The cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The thalamus, hypothalamus, and the epithalamus are derivatives from the embryonic

A

Diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Nearly all of the somatosensory input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in

A

The thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Feeding, fighting, fleeing, and mating are regulated by

A

The hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Planning, motivation, and social judgment, or functions of the brain associated with

A

The frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The occipital lobe is

A

The principal visual center of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The great majority of____tracks pass through the corpus callosum

A

Commissural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Short-term memory is associated with the

A

Hippocampus

33
Q

Changes in blood pressure are
Detected by_________ in arteries

A

Mechanoreceptors

34
Q

Destruction of the amygdala would most mostly affect

A

Expression of emotions, with a particular reduction in fear response

35
Q

In the semester, you have sounded out many unfamiliar words. While sounding these words out you extensively use the____ of your brain

A

Wernicke‘s area

36
Q

The largest of the cranial nerves in the most important sensory nerve of the face is

A

Trigeminal

37
Q

Changes in the cerebral spinal fluid pH are detected by

A

Chemoreceptors

38
Q

Pheromone stimulate

A

Olfactory cells

39
Q

This organ does not have nociceptors

A

Brain

40
Q

_______ is the only sense that can reach the cerebral cortex without passing first through the thalamus

A

Smell

41
Q

The primary olfactory cortex is located in them

A

Temporal lobe

42
Q

All these are analgesics naturally occurring in the central nervous system, except

A

Bradykinins

43
Q

When you travel in an elevator, the_____ senses when the elevator is moving

A

Hair cells of the otolithic membrane of the macula sacculi

44
Q

When you view objects further than 6 m away the eye

A

Is in a natural state, called emmetropia and does not make any adjustments

45
Q

Half of the fibers, each optic nerve decussate in the_____before reaching the visual cortex.

A

Optic chiasm

46
Q

Which structure allows, upper respiratory infections to spread from the throat to the tympanic cavity

A

The Eustachian tube

47
Q

______ are responsible for scotopic vision

A

Rods

48
Q

The duplicity theory of vision holds that

A

A single type of receptor system cannot produce both high sensitivity and high resolution

49
Q

Which one of these is most vulnerable to in irreversible damage caused by prolonged loud noise

A

Cochlear hair cells

50
Q

Comprised mostly of cones the best visual area is the

A

Fovea centralis

51
Q

Each upward movement of the ____ causes the stereocilia of the inner hair cells to bend opening____ Gates

A

Basilar membrane; K+

52
Q

Adjustment to close range vision involves all of the following, except

A

Light adaptation

53
Q

the____ is made up of 100 million neurons embedded into the wall of the digestive track

A

Enteric nervous system

54
Q

This nerve route would lead to collateral ganglia like solar plexus

A

Splanchnic

55
Q

Is it possible to get antagonistic effects in the ANS without dual interventions?

A

Yes, as evidenced by sympathetic control of vasomotor tone

56
Q

The____ Division carries signals from the smooth muscle in the small intestine to the central nervous system

A

Visceral sensory

57
Q

The_______ division tends to prepare the body for action

A

Sympathetic

58
Q

The_______ division carries signals to the tibials interior from the brain

A

Somatic motor

59
Q

What is the primary site on a neuron for receiving signals from other neurons?

A

The dendrites

60
Q

Which cells for mile and sheets in the nerves of the brachial plexus

A

Schwann cells

61
Q

In order to regenerate, a peripheral nerve fiber must have which of the following?

A

The Neurosoma, and at least one neurilemma intact

62
Q

Local potentials are__ meaning they get weaker over distance

A

Decremental

63
Q

A neuron receives a stimulus. Which of the following events happens next

A

A local potential develops

64
Q

Local potentials are___, whereas action potentials are____

A

Graded; all or none

65
Q

During the absolute refractory. Which of the following is true?

A

No stimulus of any strength will trigger a new action potential

66
Q

Saltatory conduction seen in myelinated axons is faster than normal conduction in unmyelinated axon because

A

Na+ enters the axon at the nodes of ranvier, travels in a rapid decremental manner inside the axon to the next node where the action potential is restored to full strength

67
Q

What is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

A

Y-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)

68
Q

Some antidepressant drugs act by inhibiting monoamine oxidase. What is the function of this enzyme?

A

It breaks down monoamine

69
Q

Which of these does not contribute to the cessation of the signal in the synaptic transmission?

A

Synaptic vessels secrete neurotransmitters by exocytosis

70
Q

Which neurotransmitter excites, skeletal muscles and inhibits cardiac muscle

A

Acetylene

71
Q

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials are associated with which of the following

A

Hyperpolarization of cell membrane

72
Q

The opening of_____ gates produces an____

A

Calcium and sodium; EPSP

73
Q

A neuron can receive thousands of EPSPs from different neurons the addition and response to the net effect of the postsynaptic potentials is called

A

Spatial summation

74
Q

Even though all action potentials are the same, the brain can differentiate between a variety of stimuli by source and intensity the mechanisms by which the nervous system converts these action potentials into meaningful information is called neural

A

Pooling

75
Q

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive loss of motor function due the degenerative loss of specific neurons these neurons secrete and inhibitory neurotransmitter that prevents excessive activity in motor centers of the brain. What neurotransmitter is this?

A

Dopamine

76
Q

Accumulation of CA 2+ in the axon terminal is_____in probably plays an important role in_____

A

Synaptic facilitation; short-term memory

77
Q

Place the following events of synaptic transmission at an adrenergic synapse in order

A

E,D,C,A,B

78
Q

The neural circuit of the entire visceral sensory division is best characterized as

A

Convergent

79
Q

Pain, heat and cold are detected by

A

Free nerve endings

BIO 137 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions