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BIO 251 A&P > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is nephrolithiasis?

A

Kidney stone disease

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2
Q

A condition where solid material or kidney stones form in the Urinary tract is _________

A

Nephrolithiasis

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3
Q

A client suffering from nephrolithiasis, constipation, and osteoporosis would show ____________ on their blood test

A

high calcium levels

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4
Q

What are the layers on epidermis?

Deepest to most superficial

A

Stratum básale

Stratum spinosum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum corneum

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5
Q

Which cell in the epidermis has an immunological function?

A

Dendritic Cells

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6
Q

A special type of immune cell that is found in tissues, such as the skin, and boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface to other cells of the immune system

A

Dendritic cells

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7
Q

A special type of immune cell that is found in tissues, such as the skin, and boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface to other cells of the immune system

A

Dendritic cells

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8
Q

A ________ is a type of phagocytes and a type of antigen presenting cells

A

Dendritic cells

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9
Q

A ________ is a type of phagocytes and a type of antigen presenting cells

A

Dendritic cells

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10
Q

The deepest layer of the dermis is?

A

Reticular layer

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11
Q

What is the thick layer of the Dermis?

A

The reticular layer

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12
Q

The reticular layer is made up of

A

Dense connective tissue, collagen type I and some elastic fibers scattered throughout

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13
Q

What does the reticular layer contain ?

A

blood vessels
hair follicles
oil
sweat glands
lymphatics nerves
fat cells

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14
Q

Power house of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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15
Q

Power house of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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16
Q

WhT organelle is responsible for energy production?

A

Mitochondria

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17
Q

The phases of mitosis is

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
cytokinesis

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18
Q

Prophase

A

Is the first stage of mitoses

The process the separates duplicated genetics

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19
Q

Epithelium types

A

Simple
stratified
squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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20
Q

Mechanoreceptors found in the dermis and are sensitive to deep pressure and vibration are called

A

Pacinian corpuscles

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21
Q

What is the function of the Pacinian corpuscles?

A

Pacinian corpuscles are sensory receptors for vibration and deep pressure and are essential for proprioception

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22
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found in

A

glandular tissue and in the kidney tubules

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23
Q

Simple columnar epithelium lines the

A

Stomach and intestines

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24
Q

The type of epithelial cells make up the majority of cells found in the integument system

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelial

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25
Q

Connective Tissue is

A

Hyaline cartilage

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26
Q

Blood is what type of tissue

A

Connective tissue

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27
Q

Blood has 4 main components

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells and platelets

28
Q

The layer of the epidermis consisting of a up to 30 layers of dead, scaly, keratinized cells that are resistant to abrasion, penetration, and water loss

A

Stratum corneum

29
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A

Support
Protection
Movement
Blood cell production
Mineral homeostasis
Triglyceride storage

30
Q

Osteoblasts are

A

Bone forming cells

31
Q

Types of Osteocytes

A

Lacuna
Lamellae
Canaliculi

32
Q

Osteoclasts are

A

Bone dissolving cells found on the bone surface

33
Q

_____ develope from the bone marrow stem cell

A

Osteoclasts

34
Q

What are the shapes on bones?

A

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones

35
Q

Flat bones examples include

A

Cranial (skull) bones

Scapulae (shoulder blades)
Sternum (breastbone)
Costal/ribs

36
Q

What bone serves as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs

A

Flat bones

37
Q

The hypodermis, also known as _________

A

subcutaneous tissue

38
Q

Endochondral ossification replaces ___________ tissue with bone

A

hyaline cartilage

39
Q

What are examples of apocrine glands?

A

Mammary glands

40
Q

The epidermis is composed of ________

A

Stratified Keratinized Squamous Epithelium

41
Q

Where can thick skin be found

A

The palms of the hands and soles of the feet

42
Q

The most abundant in the human body

A

Sebaceous Glands/Sweat Glands

43
Q

The most abundant keratinocytes are located in the?

A

Epidermis

44
Q

The carpal bone is an example of a

A

Short bone

45
Q

Which bone cell is responsible for “building up” the matrix of bone

A

Osteoblast

46
Q

The sternum is which type of bone?

A

Flat bone

47
Q

Replaces hyaline cartilage tissue with bone tissue

A

Endochondral ossification

48
Q

Replaces hyaline cartilage tissue with bone tissue

A

Endochondral ossification

49
Q

The connective tissue covering the medullary cavity of long bones

A

Endosteum

50
Q

bone cells facilitate an increase in the diameter of long bones during bone remodeling

A

Osteoclast

51
Q

List five functions of the skeletal system

A

• Shape to the body
• Movement
• Hematopoiesis/Anabolism of blood
cells
• Protection for your organs
• Stores Minerals/Hydroxyapatite

52
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the Appendicular skeleton?
Humerus
Skull
Scapula
Pelvis

A

Humerus

53
Q

The pubis, ilium, ischium, and the sacrum make up the pelvic girdle

A

Sacrum

54
Q

Gout is caused by excessive build up of

A

Uric acid

55
Q

The range of motion permitted by a synathrosis joint is

A

Immobility

56
Q

The functional classification of the shoulder joint

A

Diarthrosis

57
Q

The functional classification of the Amphiarthrosis
intervertebral disc joint

A

Amoniarthrosis

58
Q

Synchondroses is structurally classified as a

A

Cartilaginous joint

59
Q

List five functions of the integumentary system

A

Protect the body’s tissues and organs
Protects against infections and foreign invaders
Keeps the body from becoming dehydrated (by storing water)
Helps to maintain a stable body temperature
Transports and gets rid of waste materials

60
Q

Thin skin

A

Covers most of the body’s surface

61
Q

________ is a substance in your body that produces hair, eye and skin pigmentation

A

Melanin

62
Q

_______ is a disease that causes loss of skin color in patches

A

Vitiligo

63
Q

is a condition in which the skin, sclera (whites of the eyes) and membranes turn yellow

A

Jaundice

64
Q

Name the stages of bone repair in order

A

The inflammatory
Reparative
remodeling

65
Q

What layer of the skin is implicated in level one skin burn and what layer of the skin is implicated in level four skin burn?

A

First-degree burns affect only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin. The burn site is red, painful, dry, and with no blisters. Mild sunburn a level four damages all skin layers can cau effect To mucels, joint and bone

BIO 251 A&P (3 decks)

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