Exam 3 Flashcards
a method of dispute settlement in self-help legal systems involving multiple but balanced killing between members of two or more kin groups
Feud
Form of society in which there is little inequality in access to culturally valued reward
Egalitarian Society
Society with a limited number of high-ranking, privileged social positions, groups are relative to one another.
Ranked Society
Society with marked and variably heritable differences in access to wealth, power, and prestige, inequality is based mainly on equal access to productive and valued resources.
Stratified Society
System of stratification in which membership in a stratum can be theoretically altered and intermarriage between strata is allowed.
Class
Ideas and beliefs that legitimize and reinforce inequalities in stratified societies
Ideologies
Stories that recount those deeds of supernatural power and cultural hero’s in the past.
Myths
organized, stereotyped, symbolic behaviors intended to influence supernatural powers
Rituals
beliefs in supernatural beings
Animism
Religious organizations based on personal relationships between specific individuals and specific supernatural powers.
Individual Cults/ Organizations
Religious organizations in which certain individuals have relationships with supernatural powers that ordinary people lack.
Shamanistic Cults/ Organizations
Older members of the group who act as leaders and have no religious ties.
Communal Cults/ Organizations
Religious organizations in which the members of a group cooperate to perform rituals intended to benefit all.
Ecclesiastical Cults/ Organizations
Ancestral Cults/ Organizations
A part time religious specialists who uses his special relationship to supernatural powers for curing members of his group and harming members of other groups.
Shaman
Form of communal religious organization in which all members of a kin group have mystical relationships with one or more natural objects.
Totemism
Kind of religious specialists, usually full time, who officiates at large scale, organized rituals, that keep the population in proper relationship to deities or cosmic forces.
Priests
Idea that the emotional or affective satisfaction people gain from religion are primary in interpreting religion.
Psychological Approach
Emphasizes effects of religion on maintaining those institutions of society as a whole
Sociological Approach
Mechanisms by which behavior is constrained and directed into acceptable channels, thus maintaining conformity.
Social Control
Qualities that make objects, actions, or language more beautiful or pleasurable, according to culturally relative and variable standards.
Aesthetics
Arts meant to be heard, seen, or personally performed, including music, song, dance and theater.
Performance Arts
Artificial artistic enhancement or beautification of the human body by painting, tattooing, scarification, or other means.
Body Arts
Arts produced in a material or tangible form, including basketry, pottery, textiles, paintings, drawings, sculptures, carvings, and the like.
Visual Arts
an ethnic group with a feeling of homeland
Nationalities
lack the concept of a distinct and separate homeland
Subnationalities
geographic region over which a group collectively has exclusive rights.
Homeland
branch of anthropology
Ethnographies
iraq
Artificial Countries
anthropology put to use
Applied Anthography
the process that businesses use to develop on a more global scale
Globalization
Scarcity Explanation of Hunger
Inequality Explanation of Hunger
Small foraging group with flexible composition that migrates seasonally.
Bands
people native to a certain land before it was developed
Indigenous People
territory or state ruled by a chief
Chiefdoms
a nation or territory controlled by one government
States
Discuss differences between sorcery and witchcraft
sorcery- manipulate supernatural power, witchcraft- possess supernatural power
Discuss causes of revitalization movements
Attributes of ethnic groups
situational nature of ethnic identity, attributes of ethnic groups
Discuss various responses to ethnic conflict
an organized attempt at making a more productive way of living, ethnic cleansing, genocide, relocation, assimilation, segregation, accommodation.
