Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

comp poli > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How/ why do regimes change?

A
  • result of military coups
  • global trends
  • democratic backsliding of recent democracies such as eastern europe
  • rights freedoms of citizens diminish -> democratic institutions weakened
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Democratic Backsliding

A

A decline in the quality of democracy, including the extent of participation, the rule of law, and vertical and horizontal accountability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Failed pro-democracy demonstrations/ revolts

A
  • pushback from authoritarian elites who make a comeback and cling to power
  • weakness of newly established democratic institutions brings about weak or failed states anarchy
  • polarization and gridlock
  • challenge of electoral results attacks on checks and balances, attacks on political opponents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Military Coups

A
  • pretext= bringing stability
  • motivator= unhappy with civilian rule -> once they control military they want full rule
  • external threats low= no need to expense efforts globally, military starts looking inward
  • external threats high= distrust in how CA is dealing with global threats
  • EX. 1964 brazil= military overthrew pres. Joao Goulart -> military dictatorship
  • military generals -> civilians -> lower ranks
  • 50% successful (486 total coups since 1930s only 242 successful)
  • military coups depend on state’s founding (colonial powers -> military ran by one ethnic group)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Civillian Coups

A
  • pretext= civilian opposition forces take control of the gov.
  • motivator= under threat of violence/gridlock
  • backed by foreign forces
  • EX. right wing coups in latin america during cold war era
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neopatrimonial

A

Rule achieved -> self-serving interests of military elites met (wealth, social standing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Self-Coups

A

Leaders launch coups against their own gov. (EX. Putin in Russia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nationalization

A

Taking resources by private corp. and bringing them under gov. control -> hurts U.S. economic interests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Political Economy

A

Interaction between politics and economics, occurring around well established parameters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How and why should the government intervene in the economy?

A
  • with no gov.= NO laws, infrastructure, functions, institutions aka basic elements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Essential Government Roles

A
  • security, laws, currency
  • gov. issues currency -> facilitate exchanges
  • general public security and protection/ specifically property and commercial exchanges
  • laws ensure fair market exchanges (enforcing contracts/then repercussions)
  • national bank= issues national currency/exchanges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Beneficial Government Roles

A
  • public goods AND prevents market failure
  • public goods that are too essential to function of economy to be left to private entities
  • EX. police, transportation, clean water/air, public parks, drainage
  • europe= education and healthcare -> educated and healthy workforce -> benefit econ in long term
  • prevents: market failures, monopolies, externalities, spread of imperfect info. (EX. 2008-10 US false advertising mortgages -> great recession)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Externality

A

A cost or benefit of the production process that is not fully included in the price of the final market transaction when the product is sold i.e. market failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Politically Generated Roles

A
  • proactive citizens that ask gov. to intervene for protection
  • rights/safety > profits
  • work hour limits, PTO, min. wage, pension plans
  • extended public goods and protections from market= welfare state
  • income redistribution= tax the rich, free education up to college
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The GINI Index

A
  • prevent massive inequality -> GINI index= measures equal or inequality in the country
  • germany: powerful unions -> extensive welfare, started social democracy
  • US= powerful corporations -> no limited welfare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

World Dominance of Market Economies

A
  • majority of global economies= free market
  • free market= supply and demand
  • world’s wealthiest econs.= free market
  • all market econs. the same? not the same in all countries
  • gov. intervention in all market econs. the same? “varieties of capitalism” phenomenon-market econs of wealthy countries can differ
  • if gov has more than 50% control, NOT free econ.
17
Q

Keynesianism

A
  • gov. and economy NOT exclusive (no balance = failure)
  • gov. intervention -> spend and stimulate growth (EX. Bush)
  • goal= stability
    -result= CME
18
Q

Neoliberalism

A
  • limited gov. intervention IF at all
  • supply and demand= invisible hand
  • S/D= determines economic decisions/outcomes
  • goal= privatize/deregulate econ.
  • result= LME (EX. US, UK, Australia, Ireland, Swiss, Singapore)
19
Q

Varieties of Capitalism

A

School of thought analyzing wealthy market economies that focuses primarily on business firms and how they are governed; divides such economies into liberal market economies and coordinated market economies

20
Q

Coordinated Market Economies

A
  • in the varieties of capitalism approach, capitalist economies in which firms, financiers, unions, and government consciously coordinate their actions via interlocking ownership and participation
  • EX. Germany and Japan are key examples
  • PROS= voices heard, happy people, workers rights/protection, fewer economic crisis, bigger middle class/more equal society, fewer monopolies/externalities
  • CONS= High taxes, lower market competition, less innovative, less competitive globally
21
Q

Liberal Market Economies

A
  • in the varieties of capitalism approach, countries that rely heavily on market relationships to govern economic activity
  • EX. the United States and United Kingdom are key examples
  • PROS= more competitive, more innovation, lower taxes, better suited for globalization
  • CONS= high wealth inequality, race to the bottom -> more exploitation, less government prevention of monopolies, externalities, more economic crisis
22
Q

Development

A
  • poor, or third world countries becoming more like wealthy ones
  • they want economic growth, democratization, peace, stability
  • Amartya Sen (1999) human capabilities theory= enhance capabilities of human beings to lead fulfilling lives as they define them
23
Q

Measurements of Development

A

comp poli (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions