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pharm exam 3 > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Bisphosphonate drugs

A 
alendronate
ibandronate
risedronate
zoledronate
etidronate
pamidronate
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2
Q

Bisphosphonate MOA

A

osteoporosis

- incorporated into bond, osteoclasts cannot resorb this bound bone, activity of osteoclasts is decreased

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3
Q

Estrogen agonist drugs

A

raloxifene

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4
Q

Estrogen agonist MOA

A

osteoporosis

- affects osteoclasts

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5
Q

Calcitonin MOA

A

osteoporosis

-decrease osteoclasts activity and number, increase osteoblast activity

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6
Q

Parathyroid Hormone drugs

A

teriparatide

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7
Q

parathyroid hormone MOA

A

osteoporosis

-bone growth

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8
Q

RANKL- inhibitor drug

A

denosumab

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9
Q

RANKL- inhibitor MOA

A

Osteoporosis

inhibits osteoclast formation, function and survival by blocking RANKL (transmembrane protein)

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10
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A
  • neurological disorder of muscle movement (tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia)
  • decreased dopamine receptors
  • high levels of Ach
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11
Q

Levodopa MOA

A

parkinson’s disease

-metabolic precursor to dopamine

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12
Q

carbidopa MOA

A

parkinson’s disease

-blocks peripheral conversion of levodopa

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13
Q

Dopamine receptor agonist

A

parkinson’s disease

Restless leg syndrome

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14
Q

dopamine receptor agonist drugs

A

rotigotine
pramipexole
ropinirolde
bromocriptine

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15
Q

dopamine receptor agonist MOA

A

Parkinson’s disease

directly stimulates CNS dopamine receptors

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16
Q

COMT- inhibitor disease

A

parkinson’s disease

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17
Q

COMT- inhibitor drugs

A

entacapone

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18
Q

COMT- inhibitor MOA

A

Parkinson’s disease

- target another metabolizer of levodopa and help more reach the CNS

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19
Q

Monoamine Oxidase-B inhibitor disease

A

Parkinson’s disease

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20
Q

Monamine Oxidase-B inhibitor drugs

A

rasagiline

selegiline

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21
Q

Monamine Oxidase-B inhibitor MOA

A

parkinson’s disease

-inhibits the enzyme that breaks down dopamine

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22
Q

Amantadine disease

A

Parkinson’s disease

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23
Q

Amantadine MOA

A

Parkinson’s disease

  • unclear
  • enhance dopamine activity from surviving neurons
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24
Q

Anticholinergic Agents disease

A

Parkinson’s disease

EPSE

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25
Q

anticholinergic agent drugs

A

benztropine

trihexyphenidyl

26
Q

anticholinergic MOA

A

antagonize ACh in the sustantia nigra

27
Q

Apomorphine disease

A

Parkinson’s disease (rescue with antiemetic))

28
Q

Apomorphine MOA

A

dopamine agonist

29
Q

Alzheimer’s Dementia cause

A
  • degeneration of cholinergic neurons
  • over activation of unregulated glutamate signaling
  • neurofibrillary tangles
  • Neuritic plaques
30
Q

Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor drugs

A

donepezil
rivastigmine
galantamine

31
Q

AChE-inhibitors MOA

A

Alzheimer’s Dementia

- increase CNS levels of ACh

32
Q

NMDA-antagonist drugs

A

memantine

33
Q

NMDA-antagonist MOA

A

Alzheimer’s Dementia

-protects cells from glutamate excitotoxicity (release from neuron’s that die)

34
Q

Schizophrenia cause

A
  • unknown

- hyperdopaminergic activity

35
Q

1st generation antipsychotics drugs

A

haloperidol

36
Q

1st generation antipsychotics MOA

A

block dopamine receptors

-effective for positive symptoms

37
Q

2nd generation Antipsychotics

A 
aripiprozole*
asenapine
clozapine* 
olanzepine
quetiapine
iloperidone
risperidone*
ziprasidone
38
Q

2nd generation antipsychotics MOA

A
  • block various serotonin (more) and dopamine receptors

- alpha 1 blocking, histamine blocking, and muscarinic blocking

39
Q

anti psychotic ADR’s

A 
sedation, sexual dysfuntction
weight gain
glucose dysregulation
anticholinergice side effects
hyperprolactinemia 
orthostatic hypotension
QT prolongation
EPSE
death-  elderly at increased risk
40
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

manic episodes alternating with major depressive episodes

41
Q

Lithium Carbonate uses

A

Bipolar disorder

42
Q

Lithium Carbonate MOA

A

unknown
alters cation transport into nerve and muscle
influence 5HT and NE

43
Q

Valproic Acid uses

A

Bipolar disorder

44
Q

Valproic Acid drugs

A

valproic acid
sodium valproate
divalproex sodium

45
Q

Valproic Acid MOA

A
  • may involve GABA

- suppress NA+ and CA++

46
Q

Buspirone MOA

A

anxiety disorders

unclear/ affects serotonin

47
Q

Sleep Aids

A 
Zolpidem
Zaleplon
Eszopiclone
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Ramelteon
48
Q

Diphenhydramine and doxylamine MOA

A

sedating antihistamine

49
Q

ramelteon MOA

A

melatonin receptor agonist

50
Q

Benzodiazepine drugs

A 
diazepam
triazolam
lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
oxazepam
alprazolam
midazolam
flurazepam
clonazepam
temazepam
zolpidem
zaleplon
51
Q

Benzodiazepine MOA

A

Enhances the actions and binding of GABA (an inhibitory CNS NT)

52
Q

Drug of choice for status epilepticus

A

diazepam

lorazepam

53
Q

Barbiturate drugs

A

phenobarbital
pentobarbital
secobarbital

54
Q

barbiturate MOA

A

potentiates the effects of GABA

direct acting GABA agonist

55
Q

SNRI drugs

A

duloxetine
venlafaxine
desvenlafaxine

56
Q

SSRI

A 
fluoxetine
paroxetine
sertraline
fluvoxamine
citalopram
escitalopram
57
Q

Bupropion MOA

A

antidepressant

  • inhibits reuptake of NE and dopamine
  • smoking cessation
58
Q

mirtazepine MOA

A 
unclear
-presynaptic alpha 2 blocker, 
increase NE and serotonin
serotonin and histamine blocker
muscarinic and alpha 1 blocker
59
Q

Trazodone MOA

A

serotonin reuptake inhibitor and serotonin antagonist

60
Q

MAO-I drugs

A

phenelzine
selegiline
tranylcypromine

61
Q

MAO-I MOA

A

Inhibits A and B types, which normally inactivates
NT.
increases NE, serotonin, tyramine, dopamine

62
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants drugs

A

First line:

pharm exam 3 (1 decks)

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