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CHEM 113: General Chemistry II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

Equilibrium, Acids and Bases

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1
Q

HClO4

A

Perchloric Acid

strong acid

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2
Q

HClO3

A

Chloric Acid

strong acid

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3
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

strong acid

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4
Q

HBr

A

Hydrobromic Acid

strong acid

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5
Q

HI

A

Hydroionic Acid

strong acid

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6
Q

HNO3

A

Nitric Acid

strong acid

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7
Q

H2SO4

A

Sulfuric Acid

strong acid

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8
Q

LiOH

A

Lithium Hydroxide

strong base

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9
Q

NaOH

A

Sodium Hydroxide

strong base

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10
Q

KOH

A

Potassium Hydroxide

strong base

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11
Q

RbOH

A

Rubidium Hydroxide

strong base

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12
Q

CsOH

A

Cesium Hydroxide

strong base

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13
Q

Ca(OH)2

A

Calcium Hyroxide

strong base

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14
Q

Sr(OH)2

A

Strontium Hydroxide

strong base

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15
Q

Ba(OH)2

A

Barium Hydroxide

strong base

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16
Q

Dynamic Chemical Equilibrium

A
  • at equilibrium, the rate of the reaction in the forward direction is equal to the rate of reaction in the reverse direction.
  • at equilibrium, the net number of molecules in the system is no longer changing.
17
Q

What is the relationship between ∆G° and K?

A

**K < 1 → lnK (+) → ∆G° (-) → products favored @ eq.

K = 1 → lnK & ∆G° = 0 → neither favored @ eq.

K > 1 → lnK (-) → ∆G° (+) → reactants favored @ eq.

18
Q

Le Châtlier’s Principle

A

when a stress is applied to a system (ex. temp. adding moles, pressure) at equilibrium, the system will respond by shifting in the direction that minimizes the effect of the stress.

19
Q

Catalyst

A

do not alter equilibrium, only rxn kinetics/rate.

20
Q

Arrhenius Definition

A

acids are substances that when dissolved in water produce a hydronium ion (H3O+).
bases are substances that when dissolved in water produce hydroxide ion (OH-).

21
Q

Brønsted-Lowry Definition

A

acids are substances that when dissolved in water donate a hydronium ion (H3O+).
bases are substances that when dissolved in water accept a hydronium ion (H3O+).

can go back and forth

22
Q

Lewis Definition

A

acids are substances that accept or need an electron pair.
bases are substances that donate an electron pair to another substance.

based on electron donors and acceptors

23
Q
A

CHEM 113: General Chemistry II (3 decks)

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