Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANS 425 Exam 3 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the most important component of a pig’s diet?

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe least cost formulation

A

balance diets at the least possible cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the elements of the partition of energy?

A

Gross energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is gross energy (GE)?

A

amount of energy in the feed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is digestible energy (DE)?

A

GE minus energy in feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is metabolizable energy (ME)?

A

GE minus energy in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is net energy (NEm/NEg)?

A

ME minus heat increments
- maintenance and production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is catabolism?

A

degradation of complex compounds to simple nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is anabolism?

A

synthesis of complex compounds from simple substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are feed programs executed correctly 100% of the time?

A

everyone (feed desk, mill, board room, slat level) must be 100% bought in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main goal of a nutritional consultant?

A

communicate, but also design, predict, execute, and validate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What 3 variables affect a nutrition consultants reccomendation?

A

mostly cost, but also revenue, time, and space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the ideal protein concept?

A

a protein that supplies the optimum amino acid profile and ideally matches the pigs requirements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the first limiting amino acid in swine diets?

A

lysine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are amino acid requirements expressed?

A

relative to lysine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what nutrient ratio is most important to bone development?

A

Ca:P (2.2:1 ratio)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens to lysine requirements asa pig grows?

A

it changes due to an increase in feed intake and a decrease in protein deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happens to nutrient requirements over the grow-finish period?

A

they decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is done to meet the changes in nutrient demands?

A

phase feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How does phase feeding impact an operations management?

A

reduce feed mill and logistic efficiency
-more labor in feed mill
- more feed deliveries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the steps in diet formulation?

A

1.) set dietary energy level
2.) lysine to energy ratio (SID)
3.) ratio of amino acids to lysine
4.) phosphorus level and Ca to P ratio
5.) select levels of vitamins, minerals, and additives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is one of the biggest drives of performance variability?

A

health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what percent of growing pig mortalities are from health factors?

A

68%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are a few economic factors that disease impacts?

A

-increase mortality (less pigs sold)
- higher vet and lab costs
- less live weight
- lower ADG (less growth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are the two approaches to disease?
prevention (biosecurity) and treatment/control
26
what is the goal when approaching disease?
to prevent rather than treat
27
How can most diseases be avoided?
management, sanitation, and immunization programs
28
what are 5 disease prevention strategies?
- biosecurity and bioexclusion - sanitation - all in/all out - quarantine and testing or replacement stock - routine health procedures
29
What are the 6 causes of swine disease?
- bacterial - viral - parasitic - nutritional - genetic - toxins
30
what is an example of a bacterial disease in swine?
- E. coli - greasy pig - leptospirosis - illeitis
31
What is an example of a viral disease in swine?
- PRRS - PED - Porcine Circo virus - Rota virus
32
What is an example of a genetic related disease in swine?
- Porcine Stress Syndrome - Scrotal/umbelical hernias - Cryptorchidism
33
What is an example of a nutrition related disease in swine?
- Anemia (iron deficiency) - Rickets (Ca:P) - Para keratosis (low zinc) - Mulberry heart (low selenium)
34
What is an example of a toxin related disease in swine?
- Mycotoxins - Ionophore toxicity - Sodium ion toxicosis (water deprivation then rapid rehydration)
35
Why is the distinction of viral vs bacterial disease important?
They can cause similar symptoms
36
Why is it common to treat viral with antibiotics?
they kill the specific invading bacteria
37
What are the 4 evaluation levels when walking pens in a barn?
1.) building (site) 2.) barn 3.) pen 4.) animal
38
How are pigs assessed at the animal level?
Graded A, B, C, E which allows for effective communication of the status of a pigs health
39
what describes an A pig?
acute, treat and leave in the pen
40
What describes a B pig?
subacute, treat and either leave in pen or pull (company dependent)
41
What describes a C pig?
chronic illness, treat and pull to fallout pen and watch for signs of progress
42
What describes an E pig?
Humanely euthanize
43
when is the best time to treat a sick pig?
the earlier the treatment the better the response
44
what is bioexclusion?
keeping pathogens out of a population
45
what is biomanagment?
managing pathogens already in a population to minimize spread and negative outcome
46
what is bio-containment?
preventing pathogens from escaping from a populations
47
what is direct transmission of illness?
direct contact with an infected pig - gilts, weaned pigs
48
what is indirect transmission of illness?
indirectly through a contaminated object or other organism - equipment, feed, people
49
what is a pathogen carrying agent?
anything that can carry a pathogen from a source to a susceptible herd
50
what is an example of a pathogen-carrying agent?
- semen - truck - people - other animals - feed
51
What are the 3 failures of disease spread?
1.) Failure to prevent viral contamination/infection 2.) Failure to mitigate viral contamination or infection 3.) Failure to prevent transmission from virus agent to pigs
52
what is the most significant disease affecting swine in the US?
PRRS at nearly 1 billion lost
53
What are a few solutions to keeping a PRRS negative sow farm?
- advanced biosecurity - air filtration - feed mitigation - on-site disposal (composing)
54
What is PRRS?
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
55
what is sensible heat
conduction, convection, and radiation
56
what is latent heat
heat lost through the lungs by breathing or panting
57
how is latent heat lost?
evaporation of moisture
58
What impacts thermal comfort?
- metabolic rate - flooring - radiant temperature - air temperature - air speed - group size - relative humidity
59
how is air pulled into a barn?
exhaust fans create a slight vacuum
60
Definition of static pressure
different in pressure that creates a suction between the inside and outside, indoor air pressures lower than outdoors
61
definition of air flow
volume over time units are cubic ft/min or space/time
62
definition of air speed
distance over time unit are mph, ft/min
63
what are the key ventilation system components
- fan system - mechanical system - inlet system - control system
64
Definition of bandwidth
the temp interval over with variable outputs go from their min to max speed
65
what is a challenge of using brooders as heat?
the temp will still increase after the brooder is turned off so the set point must be slightly above brooder temp
66
what technologies can be used to troubleshoot micro climates
- anemometer - sensors - maximus and other softwares
67
If there is an issue with a microclimate, what can be checked or used?
- leaks in barn - clean sensors - check inlets - floor mats - brooders
68
As air temperature increases, pigs...
- feed intake increases - ADG decreases - feed to gain increases
69
what is BarnTools create for barns?
wireless/remote monitoring
70
what is a commodity
item used specifically for economic goods with full or partial but substantial fungibility. Supply and demand are part of one universal market, no regard to who produced it
71
what is a niche market?
a small part of the "mass market" that has its own needs
72
what creates a niche market
- reach a customer currently not being served - develop higher margin market for new and enhanced product - call on new or exhibiting clients who are not consistence purchasers work with higher end clients
73
What are the 5 element of a niche?
- high profit potential - minimal competition - professionally/personally satisfying - strong market demand - serves a pratical need
74
what is the definition of value added swine systems?
smaller independent producers, niche markets
75
what is the purpose of alternative markets?
to add value to pork products with a niche market
76
Alternative markets have ______ rewards but also ______ risk
high reward, high risk
77
what are some examples of value added market opportunities in the swine industry
- special breed - production system (welfare) - differential product - Hispanic/ethnic market - sell pork on internet - producer-owner retail fresh pork - BBQ contests - medical use (Yucatan pigs)
78
Describe the current price spread of pork?
- retail sees the most value per lb and is steadily increasing - gap between net farm and wholesale value is getting larger
79
what are the 5 lanes of communication we have in the swine industry?
- individual - pig farmers - the brand - industry associates - academia/scientific community
80
What makes Niman Ranch an alternative market?
- certified humane - all natural (no antibiotics or added hormones)
81
What are the 3 parts of technology evaluation
accuracy, reliability, and implementation
82
What is an example of a new technology
cameras that can estimate the average weight of a pen of pigs in the finisher phase
83
What are the 4 steps of the innovation process?
1.) identify problem 2.) develop solutions 3.) prototype assessment 4.) implementation

ANS 425 Exam 3 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions