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Psych 101 Dunne BU > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

sensitive periods

A

optimal period for experiences for normal development

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2
Q

critical period

A

period where experiences MUST occur for normal development

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3
Q

assimilation

A

new experiences into existing schemas

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4
Q

accomodation

A

new experiences change schemas

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5
Q

sensorimotor stage

A
  • object permanence
  • understanding sensory and physical interactions
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6
Q

preoperational stage

A
  • conservation
  • thinking symbolically
  • pretend play
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7
Q

concrete operational stage

A

basic mental operations

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8
Q

formal operational stage

A
  • logic
  • complex thinking (hypotheses, etc)
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9
Q

stranger anxiety

A

distress from unfamiliar people

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10
Q

separation anxiety

A

distress from being away from primary care giver

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11
Q

Harlow Monkey Study

A
  • monkeys isolated and unsocialized
  • wire vs cloth mother
  • cloth > wire mother
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12
Q

Ainsworth Strange Situation Task

A

a procedure devised by Mary Ainsworth in the 1970s to observe attachment in children, that is relationships between a caregiver and child.

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13
Q

indiscriminate attachment

A

form attachment with available support

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14
Q

discriminate attachment

A

strong attachment to one person

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15
Q

specific attachment

A

baby attaches to certain people for support

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16
Q

secure attachment

A

high regard for self + others

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17
Q

fearful attachment

A

low regard for self + others

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18
Q

preoccupied attachment

A

low regard for self + high regard for others

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19
Q

dismissive attachment

A

high regard for self + low regard for others

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20
Q

trust vs mistrust

A

consistent care?

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21
Q

autonomy vs shame/doubt

A

independence?

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22
Q

initiative vs guilt

A

curiousity

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23
Q

industry vs inferiority

A

me vs my peers

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24
Q

identity vs confusion

A

who am i?

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25
Q

intimacy vs isolation

A

my relationships?

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26
Q

generativity vs self-absorption

A

what do i contribute?

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27
Q

integrity vs despair

A

do i have regrets? do i have a good life?

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28
Q

authoritarian

A

cold + strict

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29
Q

authoritative

A

warm + strict

30
Q

indulgent

A

warm + permissive

31
Q

neglectful

A

cold + permissive

32
Q

identity diffusion

A

role confusion

33
Q

identity foreclosure

A

conform identity without search

34
Q

identity moratorium

A

active search for identity

35
Q

identity achievement

A

found role/identity

36
Q

ego

A

reality principle
conscious

37
Q

superego

A

moral principle
unconscious

38
Q

id

A

pleasure principle
unconscious

39
Q

repression

A

motivated forgetting

40
Q

denial

A

refusal to acknowledge

41
Q

displacement

A

impulses repressed and then put onto a more acceptable target

42
Q

intelluctualization

A

removing emotional components to make a intellectual understanding

43
Q

projection

A

disguising impulses by attributing them to others

44
Q

rationaliziation

A

false excuse to ease anxiety

45
Q

reaction formation

A

unconsciously switch impulses into their opposites; engage in exaggerated behavior

46
Q

sublimation

A

taboo impulses channeled into socially acceptable behavior

47
Q

oral stage

A
  • satisfaction from eating/sucking
  • fixation lead to self-indulgence/ dependency
48
Q

anal stage

A
  • pleasure focused on elimination of body wastes
  • fixation lead to messy, negative, dominant adults
49
Q

phallic stage

A
  • pleasure derived from sexual organs
  • fixation lead to oedpius complex
50
Q

latency stage

A

sexuality dormant

51
Q

genital stage

A

erotic impulses expressed in sexual relationships

52
Q

criteria for abnormality

A

distress
- judgments of abnormality most likely when distress is disproportionately acute or long-lasting

dysfunctionality
- either for individual or for society

deviance
- from cultural norm

53
Q

Historical Explanations of abnormal behaviors

A
  • demonic possession
  • physical diseases
  • products of psychological conflicts
  • learned maladaptive behaviors
  • distorted perceptions of the world
54
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A
  • chronic state of diffuse, “free-floating” anxiety
  • anxiety not attached to specific objects or situations
55
Q

Panic Disorder

A
  • panic occurs suddenly and unpredictably
  • much more intense than typical anxiety
56
Q

OCD

A

obsessions
- repetitive and unwelcome thoughts, images, or impulses

compulsions
- repetitive behavioral responses

57
Q

PTSD

A
  • severe anxiety disorder
  • can occur in people exposed to extreme trauma
58
Q

Social Phobia

A

fear of situations in which evaluation might occur

59
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear of open and public spaces from which escape would be difficult

60
Q

Phobia

A

strong and irrational fears of certain objects or situations

61
Q

Specific Phobias

A

fear of specific objects such as animals or situations

62
Q

DID

A

two or more separate personalities coexist in the same person

63
Q

Somatoform Disorders

A
  • involve physical complaints that suggest a medical problem
  • but no biological cause
64
Q

Muchausen’s by proxy

A

a form of abuse where a caregiver, typically a parent, fabricates or induces illness in another person, often a child, in order to gain attention or sympathy for themselves.

65
Q

malingering

A

fake injury/illness for personal gain/profit

66
Q

cognitive symptoms of depression

A
  • difficulty concentration & making decisions
  • low self-esteem
  • feelings of inferiority
  • blame selves for failures
  • pessimism and hopelessness
67
Q

motivational symptoms of depression

A
  • inability to get started on task
  • inability to perform behaviors leading to pleasure or accomplishment
68
Q

schizophrenia

A
  • misinterpretation of reality
  • disordered attention, thought, perception
  • withdrawl from social activities
69
Q

paranoid schizophrenia

A

delusions of persecution and higher purpose

70
Q

disorganized schizophrenia

A
  • confusion & incoherence
  • severe deterioration of adaptive behavior
71
Q

catatonic schizophrenia

A

motor disturbances from muscular rigidity to random or repetitive movements

72
Q

undifferentiated schizophrenia

A

do not show enough specific criteria to be classified as paranoid, disorganized, or catatonic

Psych 101 Dunne BU (1 decks)

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