Exam #3

Question 1

The remains of once-living organisms and undergo a process of chemical replacement.

Answer 1

Fossil

Question 2

Minerals in the bones and teeth are gradually replaced with rock-forming minerals

Answer 2

Chemical Replacement Process

Question 3

Minerals that are in bone and teeth

Answer 3

calcium and phosphorus

Question 4

Rock-forming minerals

Answer 4

iron and silica

Question 5

The study of what happens to an organism’s remains

Answer 5

Taphonomy

Question 6

What stops fossilization?

Answer 6

Exposure of the remains to scavengers, maggots, weather conditions, and bacteria that can cause the remains to become damaged or disappear.

Question 7

What allows for fossilization?

Answer 7

The remains being kept in an oxygen-free environment where scavengers and bacteria are completely limited

Question 8

steps of fossilization

Answer 8

1. Organism dies
2. Remains are quickly buried or covered and protected from scavengers, bacteria, and weather conditions
3. Remains are in an oxygen free environment that limits decomposition and bacterial activity
4. Soil or groundwater covering the remains cannot be acidic as it dissolves the bone.

Question 9

Conditions for fossilisation

Answer 9

Oxygen-free environment

Question 10

A branch of geology that deals with the order and position of strata and the relationship it has to the geological time scale.

Answer 10

Stratigraphy