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Jazz History > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Charlie Parker

A

Most gifted bebop alto sax player
Influenced by Lester Young, Buster Smith
Played with Jay McShann

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2
Q

Who did Charlie Parker Play with?

A

Jay McShann

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3
Q

Dizzy Gillepsie

A 
Definitive bop trumpet player
Played for Calloway Orchestra
Wide range, great speed, harmonic variety
Influenced by Roy Eldridge
Pioneered Afro-Cuban influence in Jazz
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4
Q

Who Pioneered afro-cuban influence in jazz?

A

Dizzy Gillepsie

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5
Q

Who was the definitive bop trumpet player?

A

Dizzy Gillepsie

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6
Q

Who was the definitive alto sax player?

A

Charlie Parker

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7
Q

Who was the house pianist at Minton’s?

A

Thelonious Monk

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8
Q

Bud Powell

A

Definitive bop pianist

left handed comping style

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9
Q

Kenny Clarke

A

Definitive bebop drummer
Kept time on the ride cymbal
“Dropping bombs” with the base drum

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10
Q

Who was the house drummer at Minton’s?

A

Kenny Clarke

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11
Q

Who was the house drummer at Monroe’s Uptown House?

A

Max Roach

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12
Q

Fats Navarro

A

Bebop trumpeter
Fuller sound, but less rhythmic variety than Gillespie
Creator of perfectly balanced and posed melodic improvisations

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13
Q

Sonny Stitt

A

Bop saxophonist

Rhythmically less complex than Parker

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14
Q

Dexter Gordon

A

first bebop tenor sax

Played behind the beat and had a warm sound

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15
Q

Who was the first bebop tenor sax player?

A

Dexter Gordon

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16
Q

J.J Johnson

A

Definitive bop trombonist
One of the great jazz composers
played vibrato-less

17
Q

Who was the definitive bop trombonist?

A

J.J. Johnson

18
Q

Billie Holiday

A

No scat singing
Little use of vibrato
Paraphrased melodies of popular tunes
Limited Vocal Range

19
Q

Ella Fitzgerald

A

Wide vocal range
heavy use of scatting
Began her career with Chick Webb

20
Q

Who did Ella Fitzgerald begin her career with?

A

Chick Webb

21
Q

Art Tatum

A

Piano Player
Known for his fast playing style
Advanced use of harmonics

22
Q

Nat “King” Cole

A

One of the first pianist to use comping patterns in his left hand

23
Q

Roy Eldridge

A

Most influential trumpeter of the 30’s
Wide range
Played in Fletcher Henderson’s band

24
Q

Who was the most influential trumpeter of the 1930’s?

A

Roy Eldridge

25
Q

Django Reinhardt

A

Belgian gypsy guitarist
BEst known for recordings with the Quintette of the Hot Club of France
Dramatic use of vibrato
First European musician to significantly influence American Jazz

26
Q

Who did Django record with?

A

Quintette of the Hot Club of France

27
Q

Charlie Christian

A

Most influential of all early electric jazz guitarist
Influenced by blues and country
Regular at Minton jam sessions

28
Q

Who was Charlie Christian discovered by>

A

John Hammond

29
Q

Who was the most influential of all early electric jazz guitarist?

A

Charlie Christian

30
Q

What led to the downfall of big bands?

A

War
-The draft took musicians
-Price of gas and rubber made it more expensive to travel
AFM banned big bands from recording which led to a rise in popularity of vocalist
Social
-Racial tensions in the south led to many musicians quitting
-Black big bands weren’t afforded a prime time radio spot or a hotel gig, so they had to travel continuously

31
Q

Catalyst for Change

A
  • New Concepts of harmony
  • advanced reharmonization techniques and chord types
  • New rhythmic concepts for soloist (8 notes, unusual accents
  • new concepts in rhythm section (comping, feathering, flat walking four)
  • Minimal vibrato (Lester Young, B. Holiday)
  • New standards for melodic coherence at fast tempos
32
Q

Which two people were responsible for minimizing the use of vibrato?

A

Lester Young and Billie Holiday

33
Q

Who played for the Billiy Eckstine Orchestra?

A

Charlie Parker, Dexter Gordon, Sonny Stitt, Gene Ammons, Dizzy Gillespie, fats Navarro, Art Blakey, and Sarah Vaughan

Jazz History (4 decks)

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