Exam 3 Flashcards
Charlie Parker
Most gifted bebop alto sax player
Influenced by Lester Young, Buster Smith
Played with Jay McShann
Who did Charlie Parker Play with?
Jay McShann
Dizzy Gillepsie
Definitive bop trumpet player Played for Calloway Orchestra Wide range, great speed, harmonic variety Influenced by Roy Eldridge Pioneered Afro-Cuban influence in Jazz
Who Pioneered afro-cuban influence in jazz?
Dizzy Gillepsie
Who was the definitive bop trumpet player?
Dizzy Gillepsie
Who was the definitive alto sax player?
Charlie Parker
Who was the house pianist at Minton’s?
Thelonious Monk
Bud Powell
Definitive bop pianist
left handed comping style
Kenny Clarke
Definitive bebop drummer
Kept time on the ride cymbal
“Dropping bombs” with the base drum
Who was the house drummer at Minton’s?
Kenny Clarke
Who was the house drummer at Monroe’s Uptown House?
Max Roach
Fats Navarro
Bebop trumpeter
Fuller sound, but less rhythmic variety than Gillespie
Creator of perfectly balanced and posed melodic improvisations
Sonny Stitt
Bop saxophonist
Rhythmically less complex than Parker
Dexter Gordon
first bebop tenor sax
Played behind the beat and had a warm sound
Who was the first bebop tenor sax player?
Dexter Gordon
J.J Johnson
Definitive bop trombonist
One of the great jazz composers
played vibrato-less
Who was the definitive bop trombonist?
J.J. Johnson
Billie Holiday
No scat singing
Little use of vibrato
Paraphrased melodies of popular tunes
Limited Vocal Range
Ella Fitzgerald
Wide vocal range
heavy use of scatting
Began her career with Chick Webb
Who did Ella Fitzgerald begin her career with?
Chick Webb
Art Tatum
Piano Player
Known for his fast playing style
Advanced use of harmonics
Nat “King” Cole
One of the first pianist to use comping patterns in his left hand
Roy Eldridge
Most influential trumpeter of the 30’s
Wide range
Played in Fletcher Henderson’s band
Who was the most influential trumpeter of the 1930’s?
Roy Eldridge
Django Reinhardt
Belgian gypsy guitarist
BEst known for recordings with the Quintette of the Hot Club of France
Dramatic use of vibrato
First European musician to significantly influence American Jazz
Who did Django record with?
Quintette of the Hot Club of France
Charlie Christian
Most influential of all early electric jazz guitarist
Influenced by blues and country
Regular at Minton jam sessions
Who was Charlie Christian discovered by>
John Hammond
Who was the most influential of all early electric jazz guitarist?
Charlie Christian
What led to the downfall of big bands?
War
-The draft took musicians
-Price of gas and rubber made it more expensive to travel
AFM banned big bands from recording which led to a rise in popularity of vocalist
Social
-Racial tensions in the south led to many musicians quitting
-Black big bands weren’t afforded a prime time radio spot or a hotel gig, so they had to travel continuously
Catalyst for Change
- New Concepts of harmony
- advanced reharmonization techniques and chord types
- New rhythmic concepts for soloist (8 notes, unusual accents
- new concepts in rhythm section (comping, feathering, flat walking four)
- Minimal vibrato (Lester Young, B. Holiday)
- New standards for melodic coherence at fast tempos
Which two people were responsible for minimizing the use of vibrato?
Lester Young and Billie Holiday
Who played for the Billiy Eckstine Orchestra?
Charlie Parker, Dexter Gordon, Sonny Stitt, Gene Ammons, Dizzy Gillespie, fats Navarro, Art Blakey, and Sarah Vaughan
