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HESP 133 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Adductor Brevis and Adductor Longus Action

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip internal rotation
  • assists w/ hip flexion
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2
Q

Gracilis A

A
  • Hip Adductoon
  • Assists w/ hip flexion
  • Assists w/ knee flexion and internal rotation
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3
Q

Semitendonosus A

A
  • knee flexion
  • knee internal rotation
  • hip extension
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4
Q

Semimembranosus A

A
  • knee: flexion and internal rotation
  • hip: extension and internal rotation
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5
Q

O: obturator membrane (internal surface) and obturator foramen

I: greater trochanter of the femur (medial surface)

A

Obturator Internus O, I

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6
Q

O: obturator membrane (external surface) obturator foramen

I: greater trochanter of the femur (posteromedial side)

A

Obturator Externus O, I

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7
Q

O: ilium (outer surface - between middle and inferior gluteal lines)

I: greater trochanter of the femur (anterior surface)

A

Gluteus minimus O, I

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8
Q

O: iliac crest and the ala of the ilium

I: greater trochanter of the femur

A

Gluteus medius (anterior and posterior fibers) O, I

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9
Q

Psoas Major A

A
  • hip flexion
  • trunk flexion (femur)
  • assists w/ lateral rotation
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10
Q

Iliacus A

A
  • Hip flexion
  • trunk flexion (femur)
  • anterior pelvic tilt (fixed thighs)
  • assists w/ hip lateral rotation
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11
Q

Q Angle

  • what lines form it?
  • what are the typical angles?
  • what do high w angles do?
A
  • Angles formed by ASIS to center of patella and tibial tubérosité to center of patella
  • <15 for males and <20 for females
  • higher q angles prédisposé people to lateral patellar dislocation and ligamentous injuries
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12
Q

What is pes ansérine bursitis?
What causes it?
How do you care for it?

A
  • Inflammatory condition of the sartorius, gracillis, and semitendonosis (attached to medial tibia)
  • cause: overuse/constant friction and stress on bursa
  • care: rest, anti-inflammatories, stretch hamstrings, injections
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13
Q

Semitendonosus and semimembranosus I

A

Sciatic nerve

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14
Q

Popliteus A

A

Knee: internal rotation and flexion (fixed at knee)

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15
Q

External and internal oblique A

A

Horizontal spinal rotation
Spinal flexion
Lateral spinal flexion
Posterior pelvic tilt

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16
Q

Rectus abdominis A

A

Spinal flexion
Posterior pelvic tilt

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17
Q

Iliocostalis and longissimus A

A

Spinal extension
Lateral spinal flexion
Anterior pelvic tilt

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18
Q

IT Band Friction Syndrome/Runner’s/Cyclist’s Knee

Cause, signs, care

A
  • Care: repeated knee flexion and extension
  • signs: tenderness, mild swelling, pain during running/cycling
  • care: stretch IT Band, correct foot and leg alignment problems, proper warm up, avoid activities
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19
Q

Piriformis I

A

Direct from the sacral plexus
S1, S2

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20
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis and longus A

A

Foot eversion
Assists w/ ankle plantar flexion

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21
Q

Lumbricals 1-4 A

A

MP Joint Flexion
Assists w/ IP Extension of 2nd - 5th digits

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22
Q

O: lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus of the knee joint

I: body of the tibia (posterior surface) -> proximal to the soleal line

A

Popliteus O, I

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23
Q

Piriformis A

A

Hip lateral rotation
May assist w/ hip abduction when hip is flexed

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24
Q

O: anterior superior iliac spine, outer lip of the anterior iliac crest, fascia Latae

I: IT Band

A

Tensor fascia latae (TFL) O, I

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25
Q

Gluteus medius anterior fibers A

A
  • Assists a/ hip medial rotation and hip flexion
  • hip abduction
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26
Q

Adductor Magnus A

A

Hip adduction
Hip internal rotation
Assists w/ hip extension

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27
Q

Vastus intermedius, lateralis, and medialis A

A

Knee extension

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28
Q

O: greater trochanter and the lateral lip of the linea aspera of the femur

I: patella (proximal border) and tuberosity of the tibia (via patellar ligament)

A

Vastus lateralis O, I

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29
Q

O: medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur

I: patella (proximal border) and tuberosity of the tibia (via patellar ligament)

A

Vastus Medialis O, I

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30
Q

O: iliac fossa of the hip bone

I: distal to the lesser trochanter of the femur (common w/ tendon of psoas major)

A

Iliacus O, I

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31
Q

O: inferior ramis of the pubis and ischial tuberosity

I: femur: medial lip of the linea aspera and the adductor tubercle

A

Adductor magnus O, I

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32
Q

Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus I

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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33
Q

Psoas major I

A

Femoral nerve

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34
Q

Iliacus I

A

Femoral nerve

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35
Q

Flexor digitorum longus A

A

Plantar flexion of toes 2-5
Assists w/ ankle plantsr flexion and foot eversion

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36
Q

Flexor hallicus longus A

A

Plantar flexion of big toe
Assists w/ ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion

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37
Q

Extensor hallicus longus A

A

Extend great toe
Assists w/ ankle dorsi flexion and foot inversion

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38
Q

Extensor digitorum longus A

A

Extends lateral 4 digits
Assists w/ ankle dorsiflexion and foot eversion

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39
Q

Abductor hallucis A

A

Abducts and assists w/ flexing big toe

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40
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis A

A

Flex lateral 4 toes

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41
Q

Abductor digits minimi A

A

Abduct and flex MP joint of 5th toe

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42
Q

Flexor hallicus brevis A

A

Flex MP Joint of the great toe

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43
Q

Adductor hallucis A

A

Adduct MP Joint of the great toe
Assists w/ MP joint flexion of great toe

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44
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis A

A

Flex MP Joint of the small toe

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45
Q

Extensor Digitorum brevis A

A

Toe extension -> distal interphalangeal joints 2-4

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46
Q

O: soleal line of the tibia and upper 1/3 head and dorsal surface of the fibula

I: calcaneus (posterior side) via Achilles tendon

A

Soleus O, I

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47
Q

O: middle of the anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane

I: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

A

Extensor hallicus longus O, I

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48
Q

O: lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 3/4 of anterior shaft, interosseous membrane (anterior surface), superior tibiofibular joint

I: extensor expansion complex of toes 2-5 (middle and distal phalanges)

A

Extensor digitorum longus O, I

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49
Q

Sartorius I

A

Femoral nerve

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50
Q

Gluteus Maximus I

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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51
Q

Achilles tendon rupture
Cause, signs, care

A

Cause: sudden forceful ankle plantar flexion in people >30 and dynamic movement
Signs: feel or hear pop and palpable defect on tendon
Care: surgery and immobilize for 6-8 weeks

52
Q

Eversion sprains

A

Less common than inversion
Deltoid ligament sprained

53
Q

Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius I

A

Femoral nerve

54
Q

O: tibia: posterior surface, distal to popliteal line

I: base of the 2nd - 5th distal phalanges

A

Flexor digitorum longus O, I

55
Q

O: fibula: upper 1/2 - 2/3 of lateral fibulae shaft and surface and proximal head and head

I: medial cuneiform (plantar/inferior aspect) and lateral side of 1st metatarsal bone

A

Fibularis (peroneus) longus O, I

56
Q

Rectus femoris A

A

Knee extension
Hip flexion
Anterior pelvic tilt (fixed thighs)

57
Q

O: anterior and lateral surface of the body of the femur

I: patella (proximal border) and tuberosity of the tibia (via patellar ligament)

A

Vastus intermedius O, I

58
Q

Tibialis posterior I

A

Tibial nerve

59
Q

O: posterior surface (lower 2/3) and inter muscular septum

I: base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

A

Flexor hallicus longus O, I

60
Q

Obturator externus I

A

Obturator nerve

61
Q

Extensor halluces longus, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis I

A

Peroneal nerve

62
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis, longus, tertius I

A

Peroneal nerve

63
Q

Gastronemius I

A

Tibial nerve

64
Q

Tibialis anterior I

A

Peroneal nerve

65
Q

Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallicus longus
I

A

Tibial nerve

66
Q

Obturator internus A

A

Hip lateral rotation
May assist w/ hip abduction when hip is flexed

67
Q

O: long head of the ischial tuberosity

I: proximal head of the fibula

A

Biceps femoris long head O, I

68
Q

Gluteus Maximus A

A

Hip: extension, extension (fixed thighs), external rotation
Knee: lateral rotation
Pelvis: medial rotation (unilateral contraction) and lateral rotation
Upper fibers: assists w/ hip abduction
Lower fibers: assists w/ hip addiction

69
Q

Gluteus minimus A

A

Hip: abduction and medial rotation
Assists w/ hip flexion

70
Q

Gluteus medius posterior fibers A

A
  • Assists w/ hip lateral rotation
  • Hip abduction
71
Q

Quadratus femoris A

A

Hip lateral rotation

72
Q

O: hip bone: iliac crest and ala of the ilium (posterior surface)

I: gluteal tuberosity of the femur and IT Band

A

Gluteus Maximus O, I

73
Q

O: anterior surface of the pubis

I: medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur (middle 1/3)

A

Adductor longus O, I

74
Q

Pectineus I

A

Femoral nerve

75
Q

Inferior and superior gremellus I

A

Direct from the sacral plexus
L4-L5, S1-S2

76
Q

Rectus femoris I

A

Femoral nerve

77
Q

Tibialis posterior A

A

Ankle plantar flexion
Foot inversion

78
Q

Tibialis anterior A

A

Ankle dorsiflexion
Assists w/ foot inversion

79
Q

Quadratus lumbordum A

A

Spinal extension
Lateral spinal extension
Lateral pelvic tilt

80
Q

Gastronemius A

A

Ankle plantar flexion
Assists w/ knee flexion

81
Q

Adductor brevis and longus I

A

Obturator nerve

82
Q

Biceps femoris long head I

A

Sciatic nerve

83
Q

Compartment syndrome
Cause, sign, treatment

A

Cause: increase pressure in 1 in 4 lower leg compartments -> compression of muscular and neuro vascular structures
Signs: pain, tightness, swelling, less circulation and sensory changes in foot
Treatment: surgery

84
Q

Inversion sprains

A

Most common -> lateral ligaments injured
Anterior talofibular ligament injury -> inverted and plantar flexed
Calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular ligament injury -> increased inversion force

85
Q

High ankle sprains (syndesmosis sprain)

A

Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments and interosseous membrane sprained
Cause: foot is planted and lower leg twists in opposite direction
Treatment: takes months to heal and needs surgery reduction and stabilization

86
Q

Tensor fascia latae (TFL) I

A

Superior gluteal nerve

87
Q

Obturator internus I

A

Direct from the sacral plexus L5, S1-S2

88
Q

Quadratus femoris I

A

Direct from the sacral plexus L4-L5, S1-S2

89
Q

Adductor magnus I

A

Obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve

90
Q

Gracilis I

A

Obturator nerve

91
Q

Soleus A

A

Ankle plantar flexion

92
Q

Quadratus femoris A

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus in IP Joint flexion

93
Q

Popliteus and Soleus I

A

Tibial nerve

94
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius A

A

Ankle dorsiflexion
Assists w/ foot eversion

95
Q

O: distal head of the femur

I: calcaneus (posterior side) via Achilles tendon

A

Gastronemius lateral head O, I

96
Q

O: medial head of the femur

I: calcaneus (posterior side) via Achilles tendon

A

Gastronemius medial head O, I

97
Q

O: fibula: superior 2/3 of medial posterior surface and interosseus membrane
Tibia: superior aspect of the posterior surface
I: navicular bone, medial cuneiform, 2nd - 4th metatarsal, 2nd cuneiform

A

Tibialis posterior O, I

98
Q

O: fibula: inferior (distal) 2/3 of lateral Fibular surface

I: base of 5th metatarsal

A

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis O, I

99
Q

O: distal 1/3 of the anterior surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane, anterior inter muscular membrane

I: base of the 5th metatarsal

A

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius O, I

100
Q

O: lateral condyle and lateral surface of upper 1/2 of the tibia, interosseous membrane, crural fascia

I: medial and plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal bone

A

Tibialis anterior O, I

101
Q

Transverse absominis A

A

Abdominal hallowing

102
Q

Piriformis syndrome
What is it?
Signs and causes

A

Sciatic nerve gets compressed and irritated from tightness or spasm of Piriformis
Signs: pain, numbness, tingling in knees and/or feet
Care stretch, message, anti-inflammatory drugs, stop doing activities, injections

103
Q

Athletic pubalgia/sports hernia
Occur, cause, care

A

Occur: where abs and adductor attach to pubic bone
Cause forceful and/or repetitive use of leg -> tears muscles, less function, and severe groin pain
Care: rest, anti-inflammatory drugs, adductor strengthening

104
Q

Biceps femoris short head A

A

Knee flexion and external rotation

105
Q

Obturator externus A

A

Hip lateral rotation

106
Q

Inferior and superior gremellus A

A

Hip lateral rotation
May assist w/ hip abduction when hip is flexed

107
Q

O: linea aspera of the femur

I: proximal head of the fibula

A

Biceps femoris short head O, I

108
Q

O: lateral border of the ischial tuberosity

I: quadratic tubercle of the femur (proximal posterior femur)

A

Quadratus femoris O, I

109
Q

O: ischial tuberosity of the ischium

I: greater trochanter of the femur (medial surface)

A

Inferior gremellus O, I

110
Q

O: ischial spine of the ischium

I: greater trochanter of the femur (medial surface)

A

Superior gremellus O, I

111
Q

O: lateral process of the sacrum (anterior surface)

I: greater trochanter of the femur (superior border)

A

Piriformis O, I

112
Q

O: anterior superior iliac sound of the pelvis

I: patella (proximal border) and the tuberosity of the tibia (via patellar ligament)

A

Rectus femoris straight head O, I

113
Q

O: groove above acetabulum

I: patella (proximal border) and the tuberosity of the tibia (via patellar ligament)

A

Rectus femoris reflected head O, I

114
Q

O: anterior superior iliac spine of the pelvis

I: proximal part of the medial surface of the tibia (superomedial shaft)

A

Sartorius O, I

115
Q

O: superior ramus of the pubis

I: pectineal line of the femur (between the lesser trochanter and the linea aspera)

A

Pectineus O, I

116
Q

O: inferior ramus of the pubis

I femur: distal 2/3 of the pectineal line and the medial lip of the linea aspera

A

Adductor brevis O, I

117
Q

O: inferior ramus of the pubis

I: distal to the medial condyle

A

Gracilis O, I

118
Q

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial condyle of the tibia (posterior side)

A

Semimembranosus O, I

119
Q

O: ischial tuberosity

I: under the medial condyle of the tibia

A

Semitendonosus O, I

120
Q

O: thoracic vertebrae (T12), lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), inter verbal vertebrae (T12-L5)

I: lesser trochanter of the femur

A

Psoas major O, I

121
Q

Sartorius A

A

Hip: flexion and lateral rotation w/ abduction
Knee: flexion and assists in internal rotation
Anterior pelvic tilt (fixed thighs)

122
Q

Pectineus A

A

Hip adduction
Assists w/ hip flexion

123
Q

Biceps femoris long head A

A

Knee flexion
Knee internal rotation
Hip extension

124
Q

Tensor fascia latae (TFL) A

A

Hip: flexion (w/ abduction and medial rotation), abduction, medial rotation
Knee: may assist w/ extension
Pelvis: anterior (fixed thigh) and lateral (unilateral contention) tilt

125
Q

Medial tibial stress syndrome/shin split
What is it?
Prevention

A

Pain at distal 2/3 of the posterior medial aspect of the tibia -> Tibialis posterior, medial Soleus, anterior Tibialis, extensor digitorum/longus involved
Attributed to musculotendinous injuries
Partially prevent: stretch plantar flexors and strengthen dorsiflexors

126
Q

Plantar fasciitis
Cause, signs/symptoms, care

A

Cause: inflexibility of medial longitudinal arch, Gastronemius- Soleus is tight, shoes w/o good arch support, running on soft surfaces
Signs/symptoms: anterior medial heel pain -> worse when forcibly dorsi flexed
Care: proper footwear, stretch

HESP 133 (1 decks)

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