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bms 111 (LAB) > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

anaerobic

A

only grows in the absence of oxygen

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2
Q

photoautotroph

A

produces energy using sunlight

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3
Q

aerobic

A

requires oxygen to grow

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4
Q

facultative

A

survives best at low oxygen

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5
Q

chemoautotroph

A

obtains its energy through chemicals

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6
Q

pathogenic

A

causes disease

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7
Q

gram-positive bacteria have

A

a cell membrane and a thick cell wall

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8
Q

gram-negative bacteria have

A

a cell membrane, a thin cell wall, and an outer phospholipid membrane

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9
Q

when bacteria undergo cell division, they are clones of their patent cell. true or false?

A

true

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10
Q

what are two key differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

prokaryotes are always unicellular, while eukaryotes are often multi-celled organisms. eukaryotes also carry DNA in the nucleus while prokaryotes carry DNA in the nucleoid

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11
Q

media that prevents the growth of some type of microorganisms and permits the growth of others is said to be

A

selective

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12
Q

media that allows you to tell whether or not a colony has a particular property is called

A

differential

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13
Q

nutrient agar

A

contains all nutrients necessary for growth

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14
Q

eosin methylene blue

A

eosin, methylene blue
inhibits gram positive growth

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15
Q

blood agar

A

contains sheep’s blood
any kind of bacteria can grow

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16
Q

elongated, rod-shaped bacteria are called

A

bacilli

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17
Q

streptococcus

A

line of circular organisms

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18
Q

diplococcus

A

two circular organisms

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19
Q

coccus

A

one circular organism

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20
Q

streptobacilli

A

line of cylinder organisms

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21
Q

what is a differential agar that allows detection of hemolysis

A

blood

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22
Q

what is a non-selective and non-differential agar on which all non-fastidious microorganisms can grow

A

nutrient

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23
Q

what is a selective agar that only grows gram-negative bacteria and is differential for lactose fermentation

A

eosin methylene blue

24
Q

alpha-hemolysis

A

green

25
Q

beta-hemolysis

A

colorless ring

26
Q

gamma-hemolysis

A

red (no change)

27
Q

if no peptide bonds are present in a solution, the solution mixed with biuret reagent will appear

A

blue

28
Q

if starch is present is a solution, the solution will turn what color when lugol’s solution is added

A

black

29
Q

benedicts solution is used to detect the presence of this nutrient

A

sugar

30
Q

biuret solution is used to detect the presence of this nutrient

A

proteins

31
Q

lugol’s solution is used to detect the presence of this nutrient

A

starch

32
Q

phenol red is used to detect digestion of triglycerides. why?

A

production of hydrogen ions changes the color

33
Q

protein

A

amino acids

34
Q

starch

A

glucose

35
Q

lipids

A

fatty acids

36
Q

at which pH does pepsin from the stomach work best

A

2.0

37
Q

at which pH does lipase from pancreatic juice work best

A

7.0

38
Q

pH

A

protein

39
Q

substrate amount

A

lipid

40
Q

glucose

A

temperture

41
Q

starch

A

time

42
Q

MacConkey

A

contains bile salts and crystal violet dye
inhibits gram positive growth

contains neutral red pH indicators
low pH - red
high pH - yellow

43
Q

is the nutrient agar selective or differential

A

neither

44
Q

is the MacConkey agar selective or differential

A

both
selective: inhibits gram positive growth
differential: ability to ferment lactose

45
Q

is the EMB agar selective or differential

A

both
selective: inhibits gram positive growth
differential: ability to ferment lactose

46
Q

is the blood agar selective or differential

A

non-selective
differential: identify organisms that have hemolytic activity

47
Q

what grows on the nutrient agar

A

bacteria, yeast, mold

48
Q

what grows on the MacConkey agar

A

gram negative bacteria
pink/red: able to ferment lactose
white/colorless/golden: unable to ferment lactose

49
Q

what grows on the EMB agar

A

gram negative bacteria
metallic green: e. coli
pink/purple/black: able to ferment lactose
colorless: unable to ferment lactose

50
Q

what grows on the blood agar

A

colony surrounded by green color: alpha hemolysis (incomplete lysis and digestion)
colony surrounded by white/clear: beta hemolysis (lysis/digestion)
Agar under/around colony is unchanged: gamma hemolysis (no hemolysis)

51
Q

prokaryotes

A

archaea and bacteria

52
Q

eukaryotes

A

eukarya

53
Q

colony

A

visible cluster of identical bacteria that grew from one original bacterium

54
Q

lawn

A

a dense covering of bacteria on a plate due to the colonies growing into each other

55
Q

turbid

A

liquid broth that is cloudy due to bacterial growth

56
Q

casein

A

protein found in milk

57
Q

pepsin

A

secreted by the stomach as inactive pepsinogen and is then cleaved into its active form

bms 111 (LAB) (4 decks)

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