Exam 3 Flashcards
What history would you ask about for infectious disease?
Presenting symptoms, associated symptoms, recent family illness, hx of symptoms, medical hx, social hx, diet, ROS
What physical exam would you perform for infectious disease?
VS, irritability, nek pain or stiffness?, Murmur?, Skin changes?, ability to walk?
What labs or diagnostic tests might be ordered for infectious diseases?
CBC, CRP, ESR, Procalcitonin, CMP, cultures, XR, MRI, ECHO, US
What is coxsakies disease?
Hand, foot, and mouth and is a rash with ulcers that progress from red and flat to white with a halo.
Where is coxsackie disease seen on the body?
Usually in the oral cavity, hands and feet.
Symptoms of Coxsakie?
Low-grade fever, sore throat, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and rash. (Rash is usually last to be seen)
Treatment for Coxsakie?
Usually supportive with Tylenol, warm baths, and magic mouthwash.
Education for Coxsakie?
Should resolve in 7 days, avoid spread to others. Most contagious 2 days before rash and 2 days after eruption.
What is Roseola?
Viral infection caused by the Herpes virus 6 and 7.
When do Roseola symptoms start?
Within 2 weeks of exposure.
What are the symptoms of Roseola?
Fever, Rash starting on trunk then spreading to neck and arms, Rash has small pink spots with ring around the spots
Treatment for Roseola?
Rest, fluids, Tylenol, and Ibuprofen
What virus causes chicken pox?
Varicella zoster and is highly contagious
Is there a vaccine for Chicken pox?
Yes, the Varicella vaccine.
What are the symptoms of varicella?
HA, listlessness, itching rash that spreads peripherally, Lesions usually last 4 days.
What physical exam findings are seen with varicella?
2-4 mm papule or vesicle, that crust over
Treatment for varicella?
Avoid scratching, cool compresses, Caladryl/Benadryl, IV acyclovir if severe
Complications of influenza?
CHF, Myocarditis, Pneumonia, and Atelectasis
Symptoms of influenza?
Cough, fever (102-106*), body aches, vertigo, N/V/D, croup
How is measles spread?
Droplet, contact, and airborne; remains infectious in air for 2 hours
How long is one contagious with measles?
4 days before and 4 days after rash appears
What are the symptoms of Measles?
Fevere, malaise, cough, choryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots
What is the treatment for Measles?
Vitamin A and supportive
What is the dose of Vitamin A for measles?
infant <6 mo 50,000 IU
6-11 mo 100,000 IU
>12 mo 200,000 IU
How is Mumps spread?
Saliva or respiratory secretions
When is Mumps transmitted?
2 days before swelling and 5 days after
What are the prodromal symptoms of Mumps?
Fever, HA, anorexia, neck/msk pain, malaise
What are the swelling stage symptoms of Mumps?
Painful swelling, rash, pickle sign, fever
What is Fifth Disease?
Human parvovirus B19
What are the symptoms of Fifth Disease?
Low fever, malaise, sore throat, rash
What are the 3 phases of Fifth Disease?
- facial redness
- lacey rash
- fever itching and petechia
What is the treatment for Fifth Disease?
Prevent spread and symptomatic
Education for Fifth Disease?
Good hand hygiene
Avoid in pregnancy and immunocompromised
What does the rash look like on face with Fifth Disease?
Slapped face
What causes Lyme disease?
Usually a tick bite
How many stages of Lyme disease are there?
3
What are the signs of stage 1 of Lyme disease?
- Erythema migrans rash at site 24-48 hours after, bull’s eye forms, warm and itchy, but not painful, may have flu-like symptoms, rash can last weeks to months
What are the signs of stage 2 of Lyme disease?
Secondary lesions form, neuro/cardio symptoms, generalized illness, may last 2 years w/o treatment
What are the signs of stage 3 of Lyme disease?
periarticular or monoarticular arthritis, weeks to months after initial bite, chronic neuro symptoms
Treatment for Lyme disease?
<8 yo Amoxicillin 50/mg/kg/day TID x14 days
>8 yo Doxycycline 200 mg daily or 4 mg/kg BID 14 days
If allergy to doxy or PCN Cefuroxime 30 mg/kg BID x14 days
