Exam 3 Flashcards
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
In a closed system, disorder is favored
Thermoregulation
Adjustment of temperature in an organism in relation to its outside envrironment
Q10
Factor by which the rate of a reaction increases for every 10-degree rise in the temperature
Aerobic scope
The difference between the MMR and BMR
Maximal aerobic speed
The top speed during activity metabolic rate that can be achieved before fatigue sets in
The blood of a freshwater teleost fish is ______ with respect to ambient conditions
Hyperosmotic
In the body, water is found in the largest quantity in the
Intracellular fluid
A measure of thermal tolerance. The body temperature where animals can no longer remove themselves from stressful conditions
CTmax
Mechanism of heat exchange via contact with a surface
Conduction
Animals need energy to
Create and maintain internal organization, maintain ion gradients, pump blood
Suppose an animal is oxidizing food according to the following reaction:
C16H32O2 + 23O2 –> 16 CO2 + 6H2O + 10,042 kJ/mol. What is the respiratory quotient?
16/23
Which of the following is a factor that exerts a particularly large effect on metabolic rate of an ectotherm?
Environmental temperature
Cutaneous water loss is primarily dependent on the permeability of the skin and _____
Difference in vapor pressure inside and outside the body
Skin permeability to water loss is primarily determined by ______
Cellular lipids
An increase in endurance can be attained via conditioning. A primary mechanism facilitating this increase is
A change in aerobic enzyme production
Mechanism of heat exchange associated with movement of the external medium
Convection
Mass-specific metabolic rate is expected to be greatest in
Birds
If the basal metabolic rate was proportional to the mass of metabolically important organs (e.g. heart) then the scaling exponent would be equal to
1
Measurement of a basal metabolic rate depends on all of the following except
During active phase
Route of heat exchange unimportant to nocturnal animals
Radiation
_____ is the temperature at which performance is maximized
T opt
An ionic U/P ratio that is greater than 1 indicates that the urine contains ______ sodium compared to the plasma.
More
Mass-specific metabolic rate ____ with increasing body weight
Decreases
The energy cost of moving a given distance that is independent of time and speed is called ______
The temperature range along a thermal performance curve where conditions have begun to “get worse” is called the ______
Pegus range
Increased metabolic rate due to activation of digestive processes is known as _______
Specific dynamic action
