Exam 3 Flashcards
Role of deterrence in death penalty
Threat of death = less crime
Death row characteristics
Intellectually limited, history of trauma, sexual abuse, family dysfunction
Bias in death penalty
African Americans, low income, male
Risk
Focus on high risk offenders
Needs
Criminogenic needs (empirically defined), non criminogénic needs (individual), individualize treatment
Responsivity
What makes someone responsive to treatment
General & specific
Risk-needs-responsivity policy
Mandating treatment, low risk offenders, supervision & risk management
Recidivism statistics
68% re-arrested
Property then drug offenses highest
Treatment trends
Punish ment is not treatment
Stats of female crime
22% of arrests
Characteristics of justice involved women
Upcriming
Mandatory arrest
War on drugs
Co-defendant effect
Prostitution
Male vs. Female crime
Women display relational (not overt) aggression
Women more likely to have internalizing (not externalizing) disorders
Justice involved women trauma
60% report sexual abuse
Stats of female mental illness
73% women vs. 55% men
Treatment needs for justice involved women
Trauma informed care
Kent v. U.S.
Juveniles now have right to attorney
In re Gault
In reference to
Due process for juveniles
Parens patriae
State is parent
Therapeutic jurisprudence
Look at issues behind crime
Status offenses
Only illegal because of age
Ex: truancy, underage drinking, etc.
Trends in juvenile arrests
Decrease in juvenile crime
Increase in younger juveniles & females
Reward salience
Reward more real then risk of consequence
Future vs. Present orientation
What’s happening in present is most important
Risk factors in juvenile delinquency
Historical, individual, & situational
Delinquent peers more impactful
Forensic evaluation concerns w/ juveniles
Competency - mitigating vs aggravating factors
Responsibility - mens rea
Amenability - easier to change youths
Risk
Types of dv / ipv
Physical, sexual, emotional/phsychological, verbal, & economic
Factors impacting reporting dv / ipv
Clinical/criminal samples higher base rates
Emotional & economic go unnoticed/unreported
Women get hurt
Feminist/power theory
Power over women
Social learning theory
Violence is learned
Trauma theory
Trauma = heightened threat response
Personality theory
Borderline, antisocial, & narcissistic traits
Risk factors in dv / ipv,
Suspicions of infidelity
Relationship dissatisfaction
Beliefs supportive of gender inequality
New concepts in stalking
Cyber
Group
Bullying & harassment
Definition of trauma
Event presenting threat to safety of self or others resulting in fear, helplessness or horror
Components of aces study
Many people experience trauma
Effects of trauma
Increased issues
Shorter life expectancy by 20 years
Brain changes - amygdala
Secondary victimization
Re victimized thru criminal justice system
Victims rights laws
Harsh penalties for criminals
Victim involvement in punishment
Diversionary sentencing
Victim compensation
Restorative justice
Entire communities come together in response to crime & support victim as a whole
Physical custody
Who physically has child
Legal custody
Who makes legal decisions for child
Sole custody
One parent has custody
Divided custody
Based on time of year
Split custody
Splitting children between parents
Rare
Joint custody
Parents share custody
Uniform marriage & divorce act
Best interests of child
All factors considered
Factors used to determine best interest in child custody
Friendly parent rule
Least detrimental alternative
Primary caretaker standard
In re Alexandra p., the Choctaw nation
Lexi moved out of foster parents to live in Utah
Ethical challenges
Values
Beyond scope of practice
More involved
Testing less standardized - cannot test for best parent
Out comes for children post divorce
Socioeconomic status plays large part
Limited long term effects
No research on best custody arrangement
