Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Environmental Planning > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Land Conservation

A

The permanent protection of land areas by withdrawing them from development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Land & Water Conservation Fund

A
  • supported by 10% of fedral revenue form offshore and gas drilling
  • 70% goes towards purchase of land
  • 30% goes to grants to support state and local conservation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Criteria for LEED certification

A
  • Water efficiency
  • Location and transportation
  • Energy and atmosphere
  • Materials and resources
  • Innovation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Urban Sprawl

A
  • Low density housing
  • Segregated land uses
  • increases in carbon emissions from transportation and large single family homes
  • consumes agricultural land, open spaces, and natural habitats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Smarth Growth Strategies

A
  • Modify ordinances to allow for zoning for residential land in city centers, commercial/industry in residential areas
  • Tax credits and bonuses for concentrating developments
  • Building and development codes that reduce impervious surfaces/pollution and increase energy efficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is smart growth measured?

A
  1. energy consumption
  2. greenhouse gas emissions
  3. air and water pollution
  4. water recharge
  5. ecological health
  6. public health
  7. community happiness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sustainable Communities

A
  • dense/compact: more open space corridors
  • walkable/bikable
  • transit oriented
  • affordable/mixed income
  • low carbon footprint
  • water friendly
  • green infrastructure
  • energy efficient
  • proximity to employment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Walkable cities

A

use of streets that combine housing, shops, markets, schools, and health care; areas where cars are not required for everyday activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ahwanee Principles

A

Purpose: develop a set of community planning principles
Result: have resource efficient communities, diverse in population and use, conserve natural environments
- pedestrian and transit systems
- accessible public and community areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefits of Brownfield remediation

A
  • reduced risk to human/ecological health
  • create jobs
  • reduce auto traffic/ reduce air pollution
  • increase local property values
    -stimulate local economy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Urban Infill

A

development of vacant parcels in already built up areas; critical to smart growth and redevelopment
- revitalize existing communities and preserve outlaying greenspace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Marine Spatial Planning

A

Public process for organizing the use of marine space and pursuing social, economic, and ecological benefit
Need: marine environments experience intensive boat traffic such as recreation, oil and gas extraction and mining, fisheries, and energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Regenerative Agriculture

A

improves soils health via organic composts, slowing water flow, rotational grazing, and enhancing carbon uptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Northeast Ocean Plan

A

Goal is to focus on ecosystem-based management, monitoring and evaluation, best practices, data portal
- document marine activities and habitats
- stakeholder meetings and public comment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 Goals of Northeast Ocean Plan

A
  1. Healthy Ocean and coastal ecosystems
  2. Effective decision making
  3. Compatibility among past, current, and future ocean uses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conservation Easement

A

Legal agreement between a landowner and a land trust or government agency that permanently limits uses of the land in order to protect its conservation values

17
Q

Green Infrastructure Management

A

Integration of Natural areas into urban landscapes

18
Q

Five D’s of Efficient land use

A
  1. Density - population and employment per developed acre
  2. Diversity - mixed uses, job-housing balance
  3. Design - neighborhood layout, sidewalks, connectivity, aesthetics
  4. Destination accessibility - ease and convenience of trip
  5. Distance to transit - bus or rail stops
19
Q

National Parks

A

used for passive recreation and focus on wildlife

20
Q

National Forests

A

Used for resource production, recreation, wildlife habitat, and wilderness

21
Q

What are some of the uses that federal land is typically managed for?

A

Timber, minerals, recreation, wildlife and wilderness, fish

22
Q

Agricultural Easement

A

Public funds are used to purchase development rights from farmers to promote local agriculture and prevent conversion to development (state and local land conservation)

23
Q

Land Trusts

A

Nonprofit conservation organization that accepts land donations, buys conservation easements, negotiates with land owners, developers and local governors, and manages natural areas
- conserve nautral and cultural resources and working landscape

24
Q

Bureau of Land Management

A

Manages federal lands not placed in national forests, parks, or refuges

25
Q

Tools for Land Conservation

A
  1. Land aquisition
  2. Conservation easement
  3. green infrastructure management
  4. private land stewardship
  5. Enhancing economic viability of landscape usage
26
Q

National Wilderness Preservation System

A

Designated areas in parks, forests, refuges, and rangelands for wilderness management, restricted other uses
- est. by congress in 1964

27
Q

Goals of marine Spatial Planning

A
  1. Provides legal certainty and predictability for public and private investment while protecting resources
  2. Plans are meant to change with new innovations
  3. Not just zoning or single sector management (marine equivalent of watershed planning
  4. Stakeholders vary from regions, tailored to local objectives
  5. **Makes tradoffs in resource use and sector values explicit
28
Q

Common Forcing

A

Tropic/Extratropic Storm = Rainfall + surge + waves

29
Q

Mutual Reinforcement

A

clustered events = combined river flood + surge

30
Q

Conditional dependence

A

Saturated soils + rain surge /
sea level rise + subsidence + extreme tides = fair weather flooding

31
Q

Why is the Australian Outback in need of land conservation?

A
  • Invasive species driving highest mammal extinction rate in the world
  • overgrazing led to soil compaction and loss of perennial grazes
  • new fire regime created by plant invasions and climate change
32
Q

What actions are being taken to conserve the Australian Outback?

A
  • invasive species exclusion fences
  • Perennial grass cultivation via rotational strategic grazing and wildfire management
  • support of indigenous peoples for land stewardship
  • regenerative agriculture
33
Q

What groups and governing bodies take part in land conservation in the US?

A
  1. Federal Government
  2. state government
  3. land trusts
  4. NGO (nature conservatory)
  5. property owners
34
Q

How to enhance economic viability of landscape usage?

A

Federal incentives to increase private land conservation
- tax laws: deduct land taxes in return for allowing conservation from nonprofit land trust
- agriculture conservation: offer payments to farmers who remove wetland and highly erodible from crop production and manage them for conservation

35
Q

How do individual states pay for land aquisition?

A

Ballot initiatives: increase conservation funds
- state bonds, taxes on property, general funds, lottery revenue, sales tax

36
Q

Motivation for Complete Streets

A

provide safe, convenient, and pleasing pedestrian, bike and auto access

37
Q

Features of complete streets

A

active sidewalks, dedicated bike lanes, active roadway (one land in either direction), safe crosswalks, planting strop, green space

Environmental Planning (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions