Exam 3 Flashcards
WHAT DOES THE EYEBALL CONTAIN
OPTIC APPARATUS
WHAT ARE THE 3 LAYERS OF THE EYEBALL
FIBROUS LAYER
VASCULAR LAYER
INNER LAYER
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE FIBROUS LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
ITS AN EXTERNAL FIBROUS SKELETON THAT PROVIDES SHAPE AND RESISTANCE
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE FIBROUS LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
SCLERA
&
CORNEA
WHAT IS A SCLERA
TOUGH OPAQUE PART THAT COVERS THE POSTERIOR 5/6TH OF THE EYEBALL
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SCLERA
PROVIDES ATTACHMENT FOR MUSCLES OF THE EYE; RELATIVELY AVASCULAR
WHAT IS A CORNEA
TRANSPARENT PART THAT COVERS THE ANTERIOR 1/6TH OF THE EYEBALL
WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CORNEA
COMPLETELY AVASCULAR, NOURISHMENT IS PROVIDED BY THE LACRIMAL FLUID AND AQUEOUS HUMOR. ITS INNERVATED BY CN V1
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE VASCULAR LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
CHOROID
CILIARY BODY
IRIS
WHAT IS A CHOROID
PIGMENTED LAYER BETWEEN SCLERA AND RETINA (DARK REDDISH-BROWN COLOR)
WHAT IS THE LARGEST PART OF THE VASCULAR EYE
CHOROID
WHAT PART OF THE EYEBALL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ‘RED EYE’ REFLECTION PRESENT IN FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY
CHOROID
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CILIARY BODY
PROVIDES ATTACHMENT FOR THE LENS. CONTRACTION OF SMOOTH MUSCLES OF THE CILIARY BODY CONTROLS ACCOMODATION OF THE LENS
WHAT ARE CILIARY PROCESSES
FOLDS ON THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF THE CILIARY BODY
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CILIARY PROCESSES
THEY SECRETE AQUEOUS HUMOUR, WHICH FILLS THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE EYEBALL
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS
THEY CONNECT THE CILIARY BODY TO THE LENS
WHAT IS THE IRIS OF THE EYE
A THIN CONTRACTILE DIAPHRAGM, WITH A CENTRAL APERTURE OR PUPIL
WHAT PARTS OF THE EYE CONTROL PUPIL SIZE
SPHINSTER PUPILLAE M.
&
DILATOR PUPILLAE M.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SPHINCTER PUPILLLAE MUSCLE
CIRCULAR, CONSTRICTS PUPIL
(PARASYMPATHETICALLY STIMULATED VIA CILIARY GANGLION)
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE DILATOR PUPILLAE MUSCLE
RADIAL, DILATE PUPIL
(SYMPATHETICALLY STIMULATED VIA SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION)
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE INNER LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
RETINA
WHAT IS THE SENSORY NEURAL LAYER OF THE EYEBALL CALLED
RETINA
WHAT ARE THE TWO LAYERS OF THE RETINA CALLED
NEURAL LAYER
& PIGMENTED LAYER
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE NEURAL LAYER OF THE RETINA
LIGHT RECEPTION
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PIGMENTED LAYER OF THE RETINA
SINGLE LAYER OF CELLS, REINFORCING THE LIGHT-ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF THE CHOROID BY REDUCING THE SCATTERING OF LIGHT IN THE EYEBALL
DESCRIBE THE NON-VISUAL RETINA
IT EXTENDS ANTERIORLY OVER THE CILIARY BODY AND POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE IRIS
WHAT IS THE FUNDUS OF THE EYEBALL
INTERNAL ASPECT OF THE POSTERIOR OF THE EYEBALL, WHWREE THE LIGHT ENTERING THE EYEBALL IS FOCUSED
WHAT IS THE OPTIC DISK
WHERE THE OPTIC NERVE ENTERS THE EYEBALL, AND IS INSENSITIVE TO LIGHT
WHAT IS THE MACULA OF THE RETINA
AREA SPECIALIZED FOR ACUITY OF VISION
DESCRIBE THE FOVEA CENTRALIS
~ 1.5 mm AT THE CENTER OF THE MACULA IS THE AREA OF MOST ACUTE VISION
DESCRIBE THE CORNEA
REFRACTS LIGHT ENTERING THE EYE, FOCUSING AN INVERTED IMAGE ON THE LIGHT-SENSITIVE RETINA OF THE OPTIC FUNDUS
DESCRIBE THE AQUEOUS HUMOR
OCCUPIES ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CHAMBERS OF THE EYE. PRODUCED IN POSTERIOR CHAMBER BY CILIARY PROCESSES OF CILIARY BODY AND PROVIDES NUTRIENTS FOR THE AVASCULAR CORNEA AND LENS
DESCRIBE THE LENS OF THE EYE
TRANSPARENT, BICONVEX STRUCTURE, ANCHORED BY THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS OF THE LENS TO THE CILIARY PROCESSES.
WHAT MODIFIES THE CURVATURE OF THE LENS
THE CILIARY MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE VITREOUS HUMOR
WATERY FLUID ENCLOSED IN THE VITREOUS BODY. IT HOLDS THE RETINA IN PLACE AND SUPPORTS THE LENS
NERVES OF THE ORBIT
OCULOMOTOR NERVE (CN 3)
ABDUCENT NERVE (CN 6)
TROCHLEAR NERVE (CN 4)
OPHTHALMIC DIVISION (CN V1)
OPTIC NERVE (CN 7)
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OCULOMOTOR NERVE
TRAVELS IN LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS -> ENTERS TRU SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR DIVISIONS. 5/7 MUSCLES. CILIARY GANGLION VIA SHORT CILIARY NERVES TO CILIARY BODY AND IRIS
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ABDUCENT NERVE
TRAVELS IN THE CAVERNOUS SINUS –> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. INNERVATES THE LATERAL RECTUS MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE TROCHLEAR NERVE
TRAVELS IN THE LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS –> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. INNERVATES THE SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE.
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OPHTALMIC NERVE
TRAVLES IN THE LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS –> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. FRONTAL, LACRIMAL, NASOCILIARY. LONG CILOARY NERVE TO IRIS AND CORNEA
ARTERIES OF THE ORBIT
OPHTHALMIC ARTERY
CENTRAL ARTERTY
CILIARY ARTERY
LACRIMAL ARTERY
ANDTERIOR & POSTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ARTERY
MUSCULAR ARTERY
SUPRAORBITAL ARTERY
SUPRATROCHLEAR ARTERY
DORSAL NASAL ARTERY
INFRA-ORBITAL ARTERY
OCCLUSION OF WHICH ARTERY RESULTS IN BLINDNESS
CENTRAL ARTERY
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OPHTHALMIC ARTERY
FROM INTERNAL CAROTID AFTER EMERGING FROM THE CAVERNOUS SINUS –> RUNS PARALLEL TO THE OPTIC NERVE TRU THE OPTIC CANAL
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE CENTRAL ARTERY
PIERCES SHEATH OF OPTIC NERVE AND RUNS WITH THE OPTIC NERVE TO THE EYEBALL. TERMINAL BRANCHES ARE END ARTERIES SUPPLYING THE INTERNAL ASPECT OF RETINA
WHAT DOES THE CILIARY ARTERY SUPPLY
SCLERA
CILIARY BODY
IRIS
CHOROID
WHAT DOES THE LACRIMAL ARTERY SUPPLY
LACRIMAL
CONJUNCTIVA
EYELIDS
WHAT DOES THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ARTERY SUPPLY
SINUSES
WHAT DOES THE MUSCULAR ARTERY SUPPLY
ORBITAL MUSCLES
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPRAORBITAL ARTERY
EMERGES ONTO THE FACE TOGETHER WITH THE SUPRAORBITAL NERVE
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPRTROCHLEAR ARTERY
EMERGES ONTO THE FACE TOGETHER WITH THE TROCHLEAR NERVE
WHERE IS THE DORAL NASAL ARTERY LOCATED
ON MEDIAL SIDE OF ORBIT
WHAT DOES THE INFRO-ORBITAL ARTERY SUPPLY
THE ORBITAL FLOOR
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE ORBIT
SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
INFERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
VORTICOSE VEINS
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
IT IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE FACIAL VEIN ANTERIORLY –> CROSSES DIAGNALLY [FROM MEDIAL TO LATERAL ABOVE OPTIC NERVE –> EXITS THROUGH THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE –> TERMINATES IN THE CAVERNOUS SINUS. DRAINS STRUCTURES WITHIN THE ORBIT
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE INFERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN
RUNS ON FLOOR OF ORBIT. IT BEGINS AT THE PLEXUS OF VEINS ON THE FLOOR OF THE ORBIT. COMMUNICATES WITH THE PTERYGOID VENOUS PLEXUS INFERIORLY AND THE SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC BEFORE GOING INTO CAVERNOUS SINUS
WHAT DO VORTICOSE VEINS DRAIN
THEY DRAIN THE VASCULAR LAYER OF THE EYEBALL AND ARE TRIBUTARIES OF THE OPHTHALMIC VEINS
WHAT IS THE MIDDLE EAR
NARROW AIR-FILLED CHAMBER IN THE PETROUS PPART OF THE TEMPORAL BONE
WHAT IS THE TYMPANIC CAVITY PROPER
SPACE DIRECTLY INTERNAL TO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
WHAT IS THE EPITYMPANIC RECESS
SPACE SUPERIOR TO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
CONNECTS THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE TO THE NASOPHARYNX
POSTEROLATERAL 1/3RD IS BONY, REST 2/3 IS CARTILAGINOUS. EQUALIZES PRESSURE IN MIDDLE EAR WITH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, ALLOWING FREE MOVEMENT FO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE. NAME THE STRUCTURE
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE AUDITORY OSSICLES
THEY TRANSFER SOUND FROM THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE TO THR OVAL WINDOW
FUNCTION OF THE LABRYRINTHINE WALL
SEPARATES THE MIDDLE AND INNER EAR
WHAT IS THE FIRST BONE TO BE OSSIFIED DURING DEVELOPMENT AND ARE PRACTICALLY MATURE AT BIRTH
AUDITORY OSSICLES
WHAT ARE THE MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH AUDITORY OSSICLES
TENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE
STAPEDIUS MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE TENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE
TENSES TYMPANIC MEMBRANE AND REDUCES AMPLITUDE OF ITS OSCILLATIONS. THIS REDUCES DAMAGE TO THE INTERNAL EAR WHEN EXPOSED TO LOUD SOUNDS. INN BY CNV3
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE STAPEDIUS MUSCLE
REDUCES OSILLATORY RANGE OF THE STAPES. INN BY CN7
THIS STRUCTURE CONTAINS THE VESTIBULOCHOCLEAR ORGAN
INTERNAL EAR
WHERE IS THE INNER EAR LOCATED
PETROUS PORTION OF THE TEMPORAL BONE
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE INNER EAR
COCHLEA
VESTIBULE
SEMICIRCULAR CANAL
ALL OF THESE MAKE UP THE BONY LABYRINTH
SERIES OF CAVITIES INCLUDING THE COCHLEA, VESTIBULE, AND SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
BONY LABYRINTH
SHELL-SHAPED PART OF THE BONY LABYRINTH THAT CONTAINS THE COCHLEAR DUCT
COCHLEA
SMALL OVAL CHAMBER CONGTAINING THE UTRICLE AND SACCULE
VESTIBULE
THIS STRUCTURE OF THE BONY LABYRINTH COMMUNICATES WITH THE VESTIBULE AND HOUSES THE SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS
SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
WHAT IS AN AURICLE
CONSISTS OF CARTILAGE AND FIBROUS TISSUE, AND DIRECTS SOUND WAVES TOWARD THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY APPARATUS
CANAL LEADING INWARDS FROM THE AURICLE TO TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
DESCRIBE THE LATERAL 1/3RD OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
CARTILAGINOUS AND LINED WITH SKIN THAT IS CONTINUOUS WITH AURICULAR SKIN
WHAT PORTION OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS PRODUCES EAR WAX
LATERAL 1/3RD
DESCRIBE THE MEDIAL 2/3RD OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
BONY AND LINED WITH SKIN CONTINUOUS WITH THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
DESCRIBE THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
~1 cm DIAMETER, THIN, SEMITRANSPARENT MEMBRANE AT THE MEDIAL END OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
WHAT COVERS THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
COVERED WITH SKIN EXTERNALLY AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE INTERNALLY
WHERE IS MOVEMENT OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE PASSED OFF TO
THE AUDITORY OSSICLES
WHAT VASCULATURE SUPPLIES BLOOD TO THE AURICLE
SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL A
& POSTERIOR AURICULAR A.
WHAT NERVES INNERVATES THE AURICLE
GREAT AURICULAR N
& AURICULOTEMPORAL N
WHAT ARE THE NERVES OF THE EXTERNAL MEATUS AND THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
AURICULOTEMPORAL N
VAGUS N
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL N
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
1.) 5 LUMBAR VERTEBRAE LOCATED CENTRALLY
2.) MUSCLES
3.) DIAPHRAGM FORMS THE SUPERIOR PART
4.) FASCIA
5.) LUMBAR PLEXUS
6.) FAT, NERVES, VESSELS, AND LYMPH NODES
NAME THE FASICA OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
1.) ENDOABDOMINAL FASCIA
2.) PSOAS FASCIA
3.) THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA
4.) QUADRATUS LUMBORUM FASCIA
THIS FASCIA LIES BETWEEN THE PARIETAL PERITONEUM AND THE MUSCLES AND IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA
ENDOABDOMINAL FASCIA
THIS FASCIA SURROUNDS THE PSOAS MAJOR MUSCLE AND IS ATTACHED MEDIALLY TO THE LUMBER VERTEBRAE AND PELVIC BRIM.
PSOAS FASCIA
THIS FASCIA THICKENS TO FORM THE MEDIAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT AND IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM AND THORACOLUMBAR FASCIAS
PSOAS FASCIA
THIS EXTENSIVE FASCIA IS ATTACHED TO THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND ENVELOPES THE DEEP BACK MUSCLES. IT IS THINNER IN THE THORACIC THAN IN THE LUMBAR AREA
THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA
THIS FASCIA IS THE ANTERIOR LAYER OF THE THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA THAT COVERS THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT THICKENS TO FORM THE LATERAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM FASCIA
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE
PSOAS MAJOR MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT FLEXES THE THIGH OR TRUNK. IT IS INNERVATED BY THE ANTERIOR RAMI OF L1-L3
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE INFERIOR PART OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND ITS TENDONS JOIN THOSE OF THE PSOAS MAJOR TO FORM THE ILIOPSOAS
ILIACUS MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ILIACUS MUSCLE AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT FLEXES THE THIGH AND STABILIZES TH HIP JOINT.
IT IS INNERVATED BY FEMORAL NERVE (L2-L4)
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE SUPERIOR PART OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND FORMS THE KIDNEY BED
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT EXTENDS AND LATERALLY FLEXES THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN. IT IS INNERVATED BY THE SUBCOSTAL NERVE AND L1-L4 NERVES
WHAT ARE THE VESSELS OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
ABDOMINAL AORTA
IVC (DRAINAGE)
WHERE IS THE ABDOMINAL AORTA LOCATED
IT BEGINS AT THE AORTIC HIATUS AND ENDS AT THE LEVEL OF L4, WHERE IT DIVIDES INTO L & R COMMON ILIAC ARTERIES
WHAT ARE THE BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA
INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERY
MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERY
RENAL ARTERY
GONADAL ARTERY
LUMBAR ARTERY
CELIAC TRUNK
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
DESCRIBE THE INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, INFERIOR SURFACE OF DIAPHRAGM
DESCRIBE THE MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, ADRENAL GLANDS
DESCRIBE THE RENAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, KIDNEY
DESCRIBE THE GONADAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, GONADS
DESCRIBE THE LUMBAR ARTERY AND ITS LOCATION
4 PAIRS, ABDOMINAL WALL
DESCRIBE THE CELIAC TRUNK & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, FOREGUT AND ASSOCIATED ORGANS
DESCRIBE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, MIDGUT
DESCRIBE THE INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, HINDGUT
DESCRIBE THE COMMON ILIAC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
BIFURCATION OF AORTA, AT L4 LEVEL
DESCRIBE THE LOCATION OF THE IVC (INFERIOR VENA CAVA)
IT BEGINS ANTERIOR TO L5 BY THE UNION OF THE COMMON ILIAC VEINS INFERIOR TO THE AORTIC BIFURCATION –> ENTERS CAVAL OPENING AND THORAX AT LEVEL OF T8
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE LIVER
HEPATIC VEINS
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF THE DIAPHRAGM
INFERIOR PHRENIC VEINS
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE RIGHT SUPRARENAL GLAND
RIGHT SUPRARENAL VEIN
WHAT VEIN DRAINS THE RIGHT TESTIS OR RIGHT OVARY
RIGHT GONADAL VEIN
THIS VEIN DRAINS THE KIDNEYS
LEFT AND RIGHT RENAL VEINS
WHAT DOES THE LEFT GONADAL VEIN DRAIN
DRAINS LEFT TESTIS OR LEFT OVARY
WHAT DOES THE LEFT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN
DRAINS THE LEFT SUPRARENAL GLAND
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE ABDOMINAL WALL
LUMBAR VEINS
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE LEGS
COMMON ILIAC VEINS
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUBCOSTAL NERVE (T12) AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES THE MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL AND SKIN ON THE SIDE OF THE HIP
WHAT NERVES COMPOSE THE LUMBAR PLEXUS
ILLIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE
ILIOINGUINAL NERVE
GENITOFEMORAL NERVE
LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THIGH
FEMORAL NERVE
OBTURATOR NERVE
LUMBOSACRAL TRUNK
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ILLIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES IO AND TA MUSCLES, AND SKIN ABOVE THE PUBIS
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ILIOINGUINAL NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES IO AND TA MUSCLE, AND SKIN ON THE ROOT OF THE PENIS AND ANTERIOR SCROTUM
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT PIERCES THE PSOAS MAJOR AND RUNS INFERIORLY ON ITS ANTERIOR SURFACE. IT INNERVATES THE SKIN ON THE ANTERIOR THIGH.
IN FEMALES, THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE INNERVATES WHAT
SKIN ON MONS PUBIS AND LABIA MAJORA
IN MALES, THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE INNERVATES WHAT
CREMASTER MUSCLE AND SKIN OF SCOTUM
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THE THIGH. WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERAL ON THE ILIACUS AND ENTERS THE THIGH DEEP TO THE INGUINAL LIGAMENT. IT INNERVATES THE SKIN ON ANTEROLATERAL SURFACE OF THE THIGH
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OBTURATOR NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT EMERGES FROM THE MEDIAL BORDER OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND PASSES THRU THE OBTURATOR FORAMEN TO THE MEDIAL THIGH. IT INNERVATES THE MUSCLES OF THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE LUMBOSACRAL TRUNK
IT DESCENDS INTO THE PELVIS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE SACRAL PLEXUS
(PARASYMPATHETIC) WHAT DO THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VAGAL TRUNKS INNERVATE?
THE GI TRACT AS FAR DOWN AS THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE
WHAT NERVES ARE INVOLVED IN AUTONOMIC-SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION
LOWER THORACIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
&
LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NERVES
WHAT NERVES ARE INVOLVED IN AUTONOMIC-PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VAGAL TRUNKS
&
PELVIS SPLANCHINIC NERVES
WHAT COMPRISES THE ABDOMINAL AUTONOMIC PLEXUSES
ITS COMPRISED OF NERVE NETWORKS OF SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS, SURROUNDING THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AND ITS MAJOR BRANCHES
WHERE ARE THE CELIAC GANGLIA & PLEXUS LOCATED? AND WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE CELIAC TRUNK. SUPPLIES THE LIVER, GALLBLADDER, STOMACH, SPLEEN, PANCREAS, AND PROXIMAL PART OF THE DUODENUM
WHERE ARE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA AND PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE S.M.A.
SUPPLIES THE HEAD OF PANCREAS, DISTAL DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, ILEUM, CECUM, ASCENDING AND TRANSVERSE COLON
WHERE ARE THE INFERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA AND PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THE SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE I.M.A.
SUPPLIES THE DESCENDING COLON, SIGMOID COLON, AND UPPER RECTUM
WHERE IS THE AORTICORENAL GANGLION AND RENAL PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE RENAL ARTERY.
SUPPLIES THE ADRENAL GLANDS, KIDNEYS, AND PROXIMAL URETERS
WHERE IS THE SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DOES IT SUPPLY?
LOCATED INFERIOR TO THE BIFURCATION OR THE AORTA. IT IS JOINED TO THE INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS BY THE HYPOGASTRIC NERVES
SUPPLIES THE URETERIC AND TESTICULAR PLEXUSES
WHERE IS THE INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DOES IT SUPPLY?
LOCATED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE RECTUM, CERVIX OF UTERUS, AND URINARY BLADDER
SUPPLIES RECTAL AND VESICAL PLEXUSES
WHERE ARE THE KIDNEYS LOCATED?
RETROPERITONEAL ON THE P.A.W. ONE ON EACH SIDE OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AT THE LEVEL OF T12-L3 VERTEBRAE.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS?
FILTERS BLOOD, AND MAINTINS FLUID, SALT, AND pH BALANCE
DESCRIBE THE RENAL CAPSULE
TOUGH FIBROUS LAYER
DESCRIBE PERINEPHRIC FAT
SURROUNDS THE KIDNEYS AND THEIR VESSELS
DESCRIBE RENAL FASCIA
MEMBRANOUS LAYER AROUND KIDNEYS, ADRENALS, AND PERINEPHRIC FAT
DESCRIBE PARANEPHRIC FAT
EXTRA PERITONEAL FAT, EXTERNAL TO RENAL FASCIA THAT ATTACHES KIDNEYS TO POSTERIOR WALL
WHAT IS THE RENAL HILUM
VERTICAL CLEFT WHERE URETER, RENAL VESSELS, AND NERVES ENTER AND LEAVE THE RENAL SINUS
WHAT IS THE RENAL SINUS
HOLLOW CENTER THAT RECEIVES RENAL VESSELS, NERVES, AND URETERS
WHAT IS THE RENAL PELVIS
FLATTENED, FUNNEL-SHAPED EXPANSION OF THE SUPERIOR END OF THE URETER. RECIEVES THE MAJOR CALICES
WHAT ARE MAJOR AND MINOR CALICES
MINOR CALICES (USUALLY 3) –> FORM MAJOR CALICES –> URETERS
DESCRIBE RENAL PAPILLA
WHERE MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS EMPTY INTO THE MINOR CALICES
WHAT COMPOSES THE VASCULATURE OF THE KIDNEYS
RENAL ARTERIES AND VEINS
WHAT INNERVATES THE KIDNEYS
REANL PLEXUS
WHAT ARE URETERS
TUBING THAT TAKES URINE OUT OF THE KIDNEYS AND EMPTIES INTO THE BLADDER
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE URETERS?
RUNS INFERIORLY FROM THE APICES OF THE RENAL PELVIS, ANTERIOR TO THE TRANSVERSE PROCESSES OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, AND PASSING OVER THE COMMON ILIAC VESSELS AT THE PELVIC BRIM TO JOIN THE URINARY BLADDER
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE URETERS?
CARRIES URINE FROM KIDNEYS TO URINARY BLADDER
WHAT ARE CONSTRICTIONS
POTENTIAL SITES OF OBSTRUCTION BY URETIC STONES
WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON AREAS THAT URETIC STONES OCCUR?
1.) JUNCTION OF URETERS AND RENAL PELVES
2.) AT THE CROSSING OF THE PELVIC BRIM
3.) DURING PASSAGE THRU THE WALLS OF THE URINARY BLADDER
WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE VACULAR OF THE URETERS
BRANCHES OF AORTA, RENAL, GONADAL, AND COMMON ILIAC ARTERY AND VEIN
WHAT INNERVATES THE URETERS
RENAL, ABDOMINAL AORTIC, AND SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUSES
WHAT RACE IS KIDNEY DISEASE MOST PROMINENT
BLACK PEOPLE
WHERE ARE THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS AKA ADRENAL GLANDS LOCATED
BETWEEN SUPERMEDIAL ASPECT OF THE KIDNEYS AND DIAPHRAGM. THEY ARE ENCLOSED BY RENAL FASCIA THAT ATTACHES THEM TO THE DIAPHRAGM, BUT ARE SEPARATED FROM THE KIDNEYS BY A SEPTUM
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SUPRARENAL CORTEX
SECRETES CORTICOSTEROIDS AND ANDROGENS
WHAT IS THE SUPRARENAL MEDULLA AND WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
MASS OF NERVOUS TISSUE PERMEATED WITH CAPILLARIES THAT SECRETE CATECHOLAMINES
WHAT ARE SUPERIOR SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERIES
WHAT ARE MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA
WHAT ARE INFERIOR SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF RENAL ARTERIES
WHERE DOES THE RIGHTT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN INTO?
DRAINS INTO THE IVC
WHERE DOES THE LEFT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN INTO?
DRAINS INTO THE LEFT RENAL VEIN
WHAT INNERVATES THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS
CELIAC PLEXUS AND GREATER, LESSER, AND LEAST SPLANCHNIC NERVES
THE JEJUNUM IS A PART OF WHAT ORGAN?
SMALL INTESTINE
DESCRIBE THE JEJUNUM
2ND PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE THAT BEGINS AT THE DUODENOJEJUNAL FLEXURE AND IT IS CONTINUOUS SUPERIORLY WITH THE DUODENUM AND INFERIORLY WITH THE ILEUM