Exam 3 Flashcards
What are a few attributes of mental health?
rational thinking, happiness & joy, effective coping
There is a strong relationship between physical health and mental health.
true
mental health
state of well-being
Mental illness is defined by conformity
false
Mental illness is uncommon
false
Mental illness
refers to all psych disorders
mental health continuum
conceptualized points of mental health and mental illness
Many people will never move into the mental illness category
True
resilience
ability & capacity; helps people to adapt
being resilient means being effective at regulating emotions
For poor resilience mastering calm skills is necessary
control breathing, positive imagery; relax muscles
Stigma
beliefs of mentally ill
Diathesis-Stress Model
biological predisposition & environment
recovery
promoted by consumers
Goals for mental health
understand it, become consumer and family-driven, disparities will be eliminated, early mental health screens, excellent mental health care, use of tech to aid in care
epidemiology
a quantitative study of mental disorders
comorbid condition
2 or more disorders occurring together
incidence
conveys info about risks
clinical epidemiology
examines health & illness
psychiatric-mental health nursing
promotes mental health
phenomena of concern
human experiences & responses
nursing outcomes classification
source for standardized info
nursing interventions classification
used to standardize, define and measure care
Examples of a healthy degree of resilience
“I try to remember…”
“I’ve learned to…”
“I know that…”
How do epidemiological studies contribute to improved care?
Identify risk factors & identify who will respond favorably
Ethics
philosophical beliefs about what is right/wrong
bioethics
study of specific ethical questions
ethical dilemma
conflict between 2 or more courses of action
writ of habeas corpus
“formal written order” to “free the person”
least restrictive alternative doctrine
least drastic action taken
informed consent
legal term that implies basic info was provided
implied consent
element in nursing procedures
competency
legal term for mental soundness in a person
confidentiality
ethical responsibility of a healthcare professional
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
legally protects right to tx
Right to Privacy
legal duty to protect privacy of patient- only broken if patient is a danger to self or others
assault
makes another person fearful of harm
battery
actual harmful/offensive touching
false imprisonment
confining to a limited area
intentional torts
consists of an assault, battery, false imprisonment or invasion of privacy (no photographs of patients); willful or intent to harm person’s rights or privacy
unintentional torts
unintended acts that produce injury or harm
- malpractice
- negligence
negligence
most common unintentional tort
malpractice
type of professional negligence
Who do mental health laws protect?
the patient and the provider of care
What is essential in health care law?
Negligence
Psych admissions may be voluntary or involuntary
True
What are the 5 elements needed to prove negligence?
duty breach of duty cause in fact proximate cause damages
tort
a wrongful harm; withholding vital information of a patient you personally know to harm them
Invasion of Privacy
breaking a person’s confidences
Beneficence
providing frequent updates to family of a patient in surgery
What is unique about voluntary psychiatric admissions?
a request in writing is required before admission
What elements comprise the communication process?
sender, message, variety of media, feedback
Nonverbal Communication
body language and eye contact; tone of voice
What can verbal communication convey?
interest and understanding
Therapeutic Communication
using silence, active listening, open-ended and close-ended questions; reflecting, paraphrasing, exploring; skills that help work
Nontherapeutic techniques
asking “why”, excess questions, giving advice; ineffective communication
Patient-Centered
patient is a full partner in care
feedback
response to sender
What happens when you say the wrong thing to a patient?
recover from your mistakes; patients appreciate a well-meaning person
What are the benefits of communication?
feeling safer and protected; reduction in death rates
the communication process
interactive process b/w 2 or more people; check accuracy via asking
What are the factors affecting communication?
- “Is this what you mean?”
- mood/attitude
- personal agenda/goals
verbal communication
all spoken words
nonverbal communication
tone of voice
double-mind messages
2 or more mutually contradictory messages
body behaviors
posture, body movements, gestures, gait
facial expressions
frowns, smiles, tongue movements
active listening
the nurse is fully concentrated
open-ended ?s
encourages the patient to share info; use in-place of “why” questions
close-ended ?s
use these sparingly
silence
gives time to collect thoughts; waiting for answers
accepting
person has been understood; “yes”, “Uh-huh”
restating
repeats main idea; “So, you have difficulty?”
giving recognition
indicates awareness of change; “Good morning, Mr. James.”
encouraging comparison
brings out recurring themes; “Has this ever happened before?”
offering self
offers presence, interest; “I would like…”
encouraging description of perception
increases nurse’s understanding; “What do these…?”
offering general leads
allows other person to take direction; “Go on” “And then”
making observations
calls attention to behavior; “You appear tense”
giving broad openings
clarifies for patient to take lead “Where would you like to begin?”
placing events in time
puts events in perspective; “What happened before?”
Instead of giving premature advice…
Encourage problem solving
Instead of changing the subject
validate & explore
Instead of minimizing feelings
empathize & explore
Instead of disapproving or disagreeing
try exploring
cultural filters
cultural bias/prejudice
telehealth tech
video conferencing, interactive video sessions, internet
info-communication tech
a valuable tool to access breakthroughs
mobile med apps
tools to tx patients
personal space
study of proxemics
Do not…
argue, minimize/challenge, ?/probe, participate in criticism
Try to…
keep the focus on facts, make observations of behavior, listen attentively, clarify
What is therapeutic seating?
Chairs arranged for a conversational setting
What are two elements of communication?
verbal and non-verbal
“You look sad.”
example of reflection
When should a nurse be most alert of communication erros?
change of shift report
What channels of communication should a nurse monitor?
auditory, tactile, visual, olfactory
temperament
usual attitude, mood/behavior
resilience
person’s inborn strengths
E-Cigs
An increasing trend in youths
therapeutic games
use of play
