Exam Flashcards
What is ethnicity?
Groups whose members share a social and cultural heritage.
Objects that are worn for health protection are known as ___________?
Amulets
What is a minority?
Mathematical percentage.
What is immigration?
A process where people enter another country.
What is xenophobia?
Morbid fear of strangers.
What is discrimination?
Denying people equal opportunity by acting on a prejudice.
What are considered the challenges of immigration?
Poverty, Language, and Food.
Ethnocentrism is the root of:?
Stereotypes, biases, and prejudices.
In what year was the multicultural policy announced?
1971
T or F, Today, most federal multicultural programs focus on institutional change, race relations and citizen participation.
True
What is the importance of modern/allopathic philosophy?
- Health
- Cure
- Technology
What is the importance of traditional/homeopathic philosophy?
- Health
- Healing
- Touch
- Communication
What are the categories of complementary alternative medicine?
- Alternative Medical Systems: homeopathic medicine
- Mind-Body Interventions: patient support groups
- Biologically Based Therapies: herbal products
- Manipulative and Body-Based Methods: massage
- Energy Therapies: reiki
What are the traditional or ethno-cultural health cares?
- Ayurvedic
- Curanderismo
- Qi gong
- Santeria
- Voodoo
What are the reasons for using complementary alternative medicine?
- Dissatisfaction with modern medicine
- Need for personal control
- Philosophical congruence
How would you survive?
It is based on environments such as this that rituals evolved.
What are the specific issues related to end-of-life care?
- Advanced directives
- Organ donation
- Rituals surrounding funerals and mourning
What is the ABC approach?
- Awareness
- Bearing Witness
- Comfort
What can the ABC approach do?
Promote knowledge and skills necessary to provide culturally competent end-of-life care.
What is important in end-of-life care?
Communication
What is awareness?
Refers to understanding how culture shapes the issues of concern.
What is bearing witness?
Represents “being with” clients and their family to share and understand the culture and health and illness-related issues.
What is comfort?
Involves promoting well-being and the need to meet the comfort needs of clients.
The end-of-life care can be explored by the four “F’s”:
- Feelings
- Family
- Faith
- Finality
Whata are the 6 spiritual care explores for faith?
- Belief
- Identity
- Hope
- Peace
- Legacy
- Reconciliation
How does Bangladesh deal with death?
-Muslim rites: body remains at home - cared for, washed, wrapped in white cloth.
How does China deal with death?
- Initial burial in coffin; after 7 years, body exhumed and cremated, urn reburied in a tomb.
How does Egypt deal with death?
Muslim rites.
How does Germany deal with death?
- Crying in public expected, cremation may be selected.
How does Greece deal with death?
- May isolate dying person, withhold truth.
- Person buried, exhumed in 5yrs and bones reburied in urn or vault
- Death at home is important
- Widow wears dark mourning cloths for rest of life
How does Italy deal with death?
- Fatal diagnosis not discussed with patient and family
How does Japan deal with death?
- Control public expression of grief
How does Mexico deal with death?
- Family members stay with dying person around the clock
- Grief may be expressive
- “Day of the Dead” celebrated in November
What is the duration of evil spirits?
7 or 40 days
What is the care of the dying?
Ritual washing
How do people prepare the grave?
Storing food and water for post death journey
What is the belief of most people?
Ghost of the person could return and if not appeased, could harm surviving relatives.
What are the different death related objects?
Masks, bride and groom skeleton, candles, jade stone, and ghost money
What are masks used for?
to hide from “Angel of Death” or placed on the face of the deceased.
What message does the bride and groom skeleton convey?
That marriage is forever, even unto death
What are candles used for?
Used by many people after death as a way of lighting the way for the soul of the deceased.
What is the Jade stone used for?
From China, is placed in orifices of the body to block the entrance of the evil spirits after death.
What is the ghost money used for?
From China, is burned to send payments to a deceased person and to ensure his or her well-being in the afterlife.
How many babies are born deaf yearly?
4000-5000
What are the elements within a deaf culture?
- Sign Language
- Deaf Schools
- Deaf Theatre
- Journals, magazines, books, videos, TV
- Organizational Groups
- TTY’s (telephone typewriter), caption decoders, flashing alarms
What are the technology that deaf people use?
- Hearing aids
- Cochlear implants
- TTY (telephone typewriter)
- VRS: video relay service
What are the technology for the blind?
- White cane
- Braille
- Light box
- Slate & styles
- Perkins Brailler
- Adapter computers
- Tape players
- Dictation recorders
- Books on Tape & CD
- Remote control calculators
- Talking microwaves
What are the purposes of communication?
- Gather information
- Build relationship
- Education
What percentage of all communication is non-verbal?
93%
How far do you have to be to be in the intimate zone of a client?
1 1/2 feet
How far from the client do you have to be to be in his/her personal distance?
1 1/2 - 4 feet
How far do you have to be from the client for social distance?
4 - 12 feet
How far do you have to be from the client for public distance?
12 feet or more
What is the intimate zone?
- Allows adults bodily contact for perception of breath and odour
- Visual distortions
What is personal distance?
- “bubble” of space around the body, no visual distortion
- voice may be moderate, body odour not apparent
What is social distance?
- reserved for impersonal business transactions
What is public distance?
- impersonal interaction, voices projected, subtle facial expressions may be lost
T or F- Studies show that pain threshold or tolerance levels vary within individuals, not based on culture or ethnicity.
True
What are the kinds of interpreters?
- Trained interpreters
- Multilingual healthcare providers
- Bilingual staff
- Volunteers
- Friends
- Family members
What are the different types of masks worn?
- African mask
- American Indian mask
- Mexican mask
According to CAD, deaf people have the same rights as the general population. These include:
- Food, clothing, shelter
- Dignity, respect
- Quality education
- Communication and information
- Freedom and justice
- Equality to access
