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Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

The code of Hammurabi
When did It happen
Where was it
What did it do?

A

1) 1792 B.C.E
2) Mesopotamia
3) 300 laws were set and written on a pillar. The punishments given were based on social class.

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2
Q

Athenian democracy
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 500-300 B.C.E
2) Early Greece
3) the citizen of Athens created a direct democracy where all men over 18 could participate in government

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3
Q

Roman Law (12 tables)
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 450 B.C.E
2) Ancient Rome
3) A set of laws were made up dealing with property disputes and other things. They were written on bronze and wooden tablets.

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4
Q

Magna Carta
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 1215 A.D.
2) Medieval Europe
3) it separated the power to the nobles of king John and made it so the king couldn’t just make decisions.

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5
Q

Iroquois Confederacy
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 1400-1600 A.D.
2) Canada
3) the five nations joined together and were joined by another to form the six nations confederacy. They each had there own council but they also had a grand counsel of all the tribes.

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6
Q

English Civil-War
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 1600’s
2) England
3) it forced the government to look after the people’s peace, property, and liberty.

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7
Q

U.S. revolution
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) the late 1700s
2) the U.S.A.
3) it promised Americans life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

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8
Q

The French Revolution
When
Where
What did it do?

A

1) 1789
2) France
3) the third estate or lower classes removed the monarchy and privileges from the upper classes.

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9
Q

Canada is viewed by other nations as what?

A

One of the most democratic countries in the world.

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10
Q

What happened to give people the opinion the Canada is one of the most democratic countries?

A

1) a high degree of personal freedoms
2) individual participation in the political decision making process.
3) individual participation through the election process.

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11
Q

What did the Europeans try to do to First Nations and Inuit?

A

They tried to assimilate them and rule over them.

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12
Q

What did the Quebec act do?

A

It prevented the assimilation of the French language. One of Canada’s early compromises with the French to protect their language and culture.

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13
Q

What is a loyalist?

A

Someone who during the American revolution wished to remin loyal to the king/ queen of England.

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14
Q

What did Canada promise slave owners who came to Canada?

A

They promised them compensation if they let their slaves free.

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15
Q

What did Nova Scotia have the first form of?

A

Responsible government.

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16
Q

What did Laurier promise settlers of the west if they came from British colonies?

A

He promised them free land. This offer was not for Southern Europe os Asia.

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17
Q

In 20th century democracy what would not be acceptable?

A

Many of the attitudes and behaviors back then would not be tolerated now.

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18
Q

What is and enemy alien?

A

A person who during a war is singled out because of their race and sometimes there rights were taken away. They had to file with the government as a possible enemy to the state.

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19
Q

Who were the famous five and what did they do?

A

They were a group of women who fought the government for rights for women. They were denied access to the courts so they had to go to the British privy council.

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20
Q

When was the first female elected to the House of Commons?

A

1921

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21
Q

Which province was the last to allow women to vote?

A

Quebec

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22
Q

Who was the first female Governor General?

A

Jeanne Sauve

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23
Q

Who was the first female premier?

A

Cathrine Callback

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24
Q

Who was the first female prime minister?

A

Kim Campbell

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25
Q

What did the bi and bi commission do?

A

Over a 7 year period they travelled across Canada researching the problems between the English and French

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26
Q

What was the bi and bi commissions major recommendation?

A

Canada should become officially bilingual.

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27
Q

With their recommendation what did the government do

A

The must do every thing in both French and English

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28
Q

What act did Trudeau pass in 1969?

A

The official languages act

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29
Q

What is the only bilingual province officially?

A

New Brunswick

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30
Q 
Bill 101
What is it 
Who passed it
Why was it passed
What were the three most prominent statements
A

> A French language law in Quebec.
Parti Quebecois
to protect the French language and culture
1) French is the only visible language in Quebec
2) All immigrants to Quebec will be educated in French
3) only children of Quebec parents whose 1st language is English could be educated in English

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31
Q

What are aboriginal and treaty rights based on?

A

The fact that the First Nations and Inuit people were here first, these rights include the use of the lad and hunting and fishing rights.

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32
Q

The First Nations and Inuit are qualified for these rights, which group isn’t?

A

The métis

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33
Q

Before 1947 all Canadians were considered what?

A

British citizens

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34
Q

After 1947 and the Canadian citizenship act, Canadian citizenship was granted to who?

A

People born in Canada and people born outside the country whose father is Canadian.

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35
Q

What are commonwealth countries? Give examples.

A

A common wealth country is a country ruled by Britain, such as India, Canada, Jamaica, and Bermuda.

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36
Q

What have researchers identified makes us Canadian?

A

Our:
~ music
~ art
~ literature

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37
Q

What else separates us apart from other nations?

A
  1. Sports
  2. Foods
  3. Languages
  4. History
  5. Landscape
  6. Industry/finances
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38
Q

What are Atlantic Canada’s three main industries?

A
  • fishing
  • farming
  • forestry
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39
Q

What are the general keys for interpreting visuals?

A
  • what do you see in the image?
  • who is in the image?
  • what are they doing?
  • where was the picture taken?
  • why was it taken?
  • what emotions are trying to be created?
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40
Q

What are the specific keys for interpreting visuals?

A
  • how are the people interacting?
  • describe the age and purpose of the building?
  • what types of technology are in the image?
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41
Q

Define: Population Density

A

How the population is distributed out over an area.

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42
Q

Define: Archipelago Effect.

A

The pockets of population that appear like an island.

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43
Q

Define: Population Density

A

The number of people who live in a set area # per sq. km.

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44
Q

Define: site factors

A

Those things that make people want to live there.

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45
Q

Define: situation factors

A

How things are in an area that will attract people to move there.

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46
Q

Define: relocation

A

Moving from one place to another for many reasons, such as; wars, natural disasters, or personal needs.

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47
Q

Define: seigneurial system

A

The providing of land to the early settlers of the French colonies in Quebec.

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48
Q

Define : township system

A

Small areas of land that were identified as land granted to people by a ruler of some type. Like in Ontario

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49
Q

How do you find population density?

A

You take the total population and divide it by the total area of land

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50
Q

What is the population of Canada?

A

32,270,500

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51
Q

What is the periphery?

A

It is also called the hinterland, a majority of Canada is in the periphery.

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52
Q

What does the periphery supply?

A
  • Raw materials for market

- A demand for manufactured goods

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53
Q

Regional identity is influenced by what?

A

Physical land differences
Cultural differences
Historical differences
Regional differences

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54
Q

What are five regional festivals/celebrations?

A
  1. Sussex ballon festival
  2. Canada day
  3. Remembrance day
  4. Loyalist day
  5. New Brunswick day
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55
Q

Define: refugee

A

A person who is forced to leave their homeland

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56
Q

Define: illegal immigrant

A

A person who has entered another country illegally

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57
Q

Define: legal immigrant

A

Someone who has permission to enter another country and live there

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58
Q

Define: sponsored immigrant

A

Somebody who has family or an organization that will provide support for the immigration

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59
Q

Define: displaced people

A

Large groups of people who have been moved out of their homeland

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60
Q

Define: alien

A

A person who has cultural, ethnic, or religious differences

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61
Q

What are some reasons that a person would want to become an illegal immigrant?

A
  • Natural disaster
  • Basic needs
  • War
  • Work
  • Freedoms/rights
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62
Q

What is today’s immigration policy based on?

A

It is based on being equitable and non-discriminatory

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63
Q

What are the classification of citizens?

A 
Family class
Humanitarian class
Independent class
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64
Q

Define: family class immigrants

A

A close family member lives in Canada and sponsors you to move.

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65
Q

Define: humanitarian class immigrant

A

A citizen fleeing “great personal danger”.

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66
Q

Define: independent class immigrant

A

Based on a point system. Will the move be good for Canada?

67
Q

Define: multiculturalism

A

A policy on Canada where different cultures are encouraged not to change.

68
Q

What makes a refugee?

A
  • A human rights activist
  • a member of a certain religion
  • women who are abused
  • teacher viewed as traitors
  • a person who criticizes rebel groups
  • a person who is suspected of criticizing their government
  • a witness of a military crime
69
Q

What does C.R.T.C. stand for?

A

Canadian radio tele- communication

70
Q

What is the c.r.t.c. responsible for?

A

They are responsible of the level of Canadian content on radio, television, and through means of communication

71
Q

What does in mean to be a citizen?

A

Being a citizen is having legal documents saying you live in that country

72
Q

What makes a person a citizen?

A
  1. Live there
  2. Born there
  3. They have an eduction
  4. The respect the country
  5. They follow the laws
  6. They vote
  7. They work there
  8. They protect others
  9. They pay taxes
  10. The don’t have a criminal record
73
Q

What are the qualities of a good citizen?

A
  • feels compelled to voice their concerns in an acceptable manner.
  • Abides by the laws of the country
  • votes
  • recognizes that equality exists for all.
  • Values the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities that exist as a citizen
  • Demonstrates respect for other citizens
74
Q

Define: honorary citizenship

A

Someone who has done something that has had a positive effect on a large number of people and that many Canadians feel would represent them.

75
Q

Define: citizenship

A

The granting of land by being born or naturalized into a country. With this comes the rights and freedoms granted to the citizens with the expectation of political participation, abidance of the law, and following behavioral expectations

76
Q

Define: human rights

A

The rights that every human (should) have.

77
Q

Define: social responsibilities

A

What is expected of you by the country

78
Q

What are democratic rights?

A

The right to vote.

79
Q

What are mobility rights?

A

The right to work in any province an move throughout the country freely.

80
Q

What are legal rights?

A

The right to not be detained without good reason.

81
Q

What are fundamental freedoms?

A

The freedom of thought, belief, and religion.

82
Q

Define: wants

A

What people want, like the new iPhone

83
Q

Define: needs

A

What a person needs to survive, food, water, and shelter

84
Q

What is the charter?

A

A document that allowed Canada to make its own laws.

85
Q

What is the universal declaration of human rights?

A

A document giving humans several different rights.

86
Q

Who wrote the universal declaration of human rights? And where was he from?

A

Sir John Peters Humphrey from Hampton N.B.

87
Q

Who originally signed the charter of rights and freedoms?

A

Pierre E. Trudeau

88
Q

Before 1947 Canadians were considered what?

A

British citizens

89
Q

After 1947 the Canadian citizenship act did what?

A

Granted citizen ship to all who were born in Canada and all who were born in another country but had a Canadian father.

90
Q

Immigrants wishing to become citizens must meet what?

A

Certain conditions, these change depending on what group ( nationality, race, religion)

91
Q

People who wish to become a citizen may go through what?

A

A legal process known as naturalization to become Canadian.

92
Q

What does p.m. Stand for?

A

Prime Minister

93
Q

What are the steps of being naturalized?

A
  • must be 18 years or older
  • came to Canada legally
  • must be a permanent resident
  • lived in Canada for three of the four years before applying for citizenship
  • must speak English or French
  • know Canada’s history and geography
  • understand Canada’s government system
  • understand the rights and responsibilities of a citizen
  • successfully completed a citizenship test
94
Q

When did the concept of rights come about?

A

Shortly after the Second World War and partly as a result of the holocaust Canada and a number of other countries tried to improve the conditions of the world and try to prevent such atrocities from happening again.

95
Q

Which province passed the first provincial bill of rights?

A

Saskatchewan

96
Q

In 1960 what bill became a law?

A

The Canadian Bill Of Rights

97
Q

The bill of rights are a reminder of what?

A

How we should treat the people of the world.

98
Q

Wheat must you do to be considered an active and responsible citizen?

A
  • become knowledgeable
  • be willing to challenge issues
  • be willing to come up with solutions
  • be prepared to take action
  • be willing to question what needs to be questioned
99
Q

What are the qualities of a democratic society?

A
  • Understands rights and privileges for everyone
  • All citizens protect democratic principles
  • Guaranteed rights for all
  • The well being of citizens is based on the activeness of the citizens
  • We challenge our leaders to bring about change
  • democratic citizens take responsibility for their society
100
Q

What is true democracy?

A

For every one man it equals one vote.

101
Q

What is representative domcracy?

A

People select someone to represent them and vote for them.

102
Q

What does m.p. stand for?

A

Member of Parliment

103
Q

What are language rights?

A

In 1969 prime minister Trudeau passed the official languages act making canada officially bilingual. Quebec opposed this law and passed bill 101 making French the only visible language in Quebec in order to protect the French language and culture.

104
Q

What does the senate do?

A

105 senators in e chambers in Ottawa. It’s the senate that approves bills and makes them law.

105
Q

What does the Prime Minister do?

A

They are the leader of the political party at has obtained a majority of the seats in the House of Commons.

106
Q

What is an M.P. ?

A

There are 308 mp’s in the House of Commons. An MP represents a riding in a province or territory. The number of risings have been historically set.

107
Q

What does the premier do?

A

They are the head of a provincial government. They are the leader of the political party that has won the most seats in the legislative assembly.

108
Q

what is fedralism?

A

Canada has a system of government descried as “federalism”
- one level deals with national issues
- one deals with regional issues
Both of these levels work together ( most of the time) to benefit Canada as a whole but to also watch out for the separate and different regions in Canada

109
Q

what does the federal government do?

A

They look after the proper and safe running of the country.

110
Q

What does the provincial government look after?

A

They look after the safe and proper running of the province.

111
Q

What does the municipal government look after?

A

They look after the safe and proper running of villages/cities/towns.

112
Q

what is division of power?

A

it is where each level of government takes certain responsibilities based on weather they can pay for it with taxes or not.

113
Q

what responsibilities does the federal government look after?

A

Defense, foreign policy, trade, national taxation, banking and money, postal systems, criminal law, prisons, copyright, fisheries, and native issues.

114
Q

what responsibilities does the provincial government look after?

A

Health, education, social services, highways, municipal governments, property taxes, licensing, natural resources, administration of justice, and courts.

115
Q

what responsibilities are shared by both federal and provincial governments?

A

Immigration, environment, and agriculture.

116
Q

what responsibilities does the municipal government have?

A

Snow removal, garbage removal, fire protection, local police, water supply, sewage, public transit, recreation facilities, streets, and streetlights.

117
Q

who is the current prime minister?

A

Steven Harper

118
Q

who is the local m.l.a.?

A

Bev Harrison

119
Q

who is the local M.P.?

A

Rob Moore.

120
Q

who is the governor general?

A

David Johnson

121
Q

Who is the leader of the official opposition?

A

Thomas Mulcare

122
Q

who is the premier on N.B.?

A

David Alward

123
Q

who is the mayor of Hampton?

A

Ken Chorley

124
Q

who is the mayor of S.J. ?

A

Mel Norton

125
Q

who is the Lt. Governor of N.B.?

A

Graydon Nicholas ( 1st First Nations/Aboriginal)

126
Q

who is the minister of national defence?

A

Peter McKay ( Nova Scotia)

127
Q

What are the three parts of the federal Parliment?

A

Legislative, executive, and judicial.

128
Q

what does the legislative branch do?

A

they make and develop laws.

129
Q

what does the executive branch do?

A

they apply and interpret the laws.

130
Q

what does the judicial branch do?

A

they enact and enforce the laws

131
Q

how has federalism evolved in Canada?

A

The early governments of canada wanted to have control of all the power. to accomplish this any power that the provinces didn’t control was given to the federal government. this process is called residual power.

132
Q

what are have provinces?

A

those provinces that because of their wealth don’t ned money from the federal government to provide good services. (E.X: Ontario, Alberta, Newfoundland)

133
Q

what are have not provinces?

A

provinces that require the federal government give them money so people have similar opportunities as the have provinces.

134
Q

hat problems did equalization payments lead to?

A

it has led to many disputes between the federal and provincial governments as well as creating many stereotypes.

135
Q

how many cabinet ministers are there?

A

39

136
Q

who is the senator from N.B?

A

Joe Day.

137
Q

what is the life of a bill?

A 
• idea
• minister responsible prepares the bill
• bill presented to Parliament ( first reading)
• presented to commons for debate (second reading)
• presented for vote (third reading)
* if it passes
• senate approves
• Governor General  signs
• now a law or policy
138
Q

what is the jurisdiction of a law?

A
  • federal laws are for all people of the nation
  • provincial laws are for the people of that province or territory
  • municipal laws are for the people of the municipality
  • municipal and provincial laws are meant for the local areas and are not meant to block or over power federal laws
139
Q

what does the prime minister do in ottawa?

A 
he…
• chooses the cabinet
• develops projects and policies
• represents canada internationally
• provides effective administration
• works with the premiers
• appoints Supreme Court judges, senators, and ambassadors
• leads their political party
• provides government leadership
• plans new laws and promotes policies
140
Q

what does a cabinet minister do in ottawa?

A 
they …
• oversee their department
• explain policies
• are the spokes person for their department
• provide advice to the prime minister
• present new laws or policies related to their department
• defend government policy
• represent their riding.
141
Q

what does the House of Commons do in ottawa?

A
  • discuss bills
  • vote on bills to become laws
  • attend question period
  • participate in debates
  • be aware of concerns facing the citizens of their ridings
  • provide interviews
  • participate in caucus
  • help raise funds for their party
142
Q

what does the Governor General do in ottawa?

A
  • signs bills into law
  • opens and closes parliament
  • reads speeches from the throne( outline of the governments plans)
  • represents the people of canada in England
143
Q

what are the jobs in the house?

A
  • the speaker: elected by other m.p’s, job is to keep order
  • the house leader: the cabinet minister responsible for managing the government’s legislation in the house
  • the leader of the official opposition: leader of the party second in number, the watchdog
  • the shadow cabinet: selected members of the opposition who are responsible to criticize the specific departments of government
  • the party whip: makes sure members of their party appear in the house when needed, to make sure their members are on the right side
  • pages: students who collect and distribute materials in the house. they act as messengers for the speaker
144
Q

what was the Cold War?

A

it was basically a war of words and threats.

145
Q

what general groups were involved in the Cold War?

A

America, Russia, and Cuba

146
Q

what were the three main reasons the Cold War happened?

A

1) political idea differences between Russia and U.S.A.
2) Russians wanted to stay and control the countries defeated during the war
3) an arms race to see who could develop nuclear weapons first

147
Q

what does U.N. stand for?

A

United Nations

148
Q

what does N.A.T.O. stand for?

A

treaty organization of allied countries of the northern hemisphere, US, Canada, England, France - to protect member countries

149
Q

what does N.O.R.A.D. stand for?

A

north american organization who’s responsibility it is to protect the airspace over Canada and the U.S. aircraft, ships, and radar installations monitor anything moving nto North American airspace.

150
Q

what was the merchant marine?

A

any ship that was ocean going was loaded with equipment, personnel, and supplies and sent across the ocean to England.

151
Q

what was phase 1 of ww2 nick named and why was it nicknamed this?

A

it was nicknamed the phony war because nothing really happened.

152
Q

what happened during phase 1 of the war?

A
  • Germany and the Soviet Union invaded poland
  • they signed an agreement that they would not be aggressive to each other and would share poland
  • Germany partnered up with japan and Italy they were now called the axis powers
  • during this time france and England mobilized their armies in case Germany became more aggressive
153
Q

what was the maginot lin?

A

it was a line of fortifications that france hoped would prevent another war like ww1.

154
Q

what was a blitzkreig?

A

a series of fast moving attacks by armies and aircraft.

155
Q

what was canada’s contribution during phase 1?

A
  • put together a small volunteer army to e sent to England

- the british commonwealth air training plan was put into action

156
Q

what was the british commonwealth air training plan?

A

it was where pilots from Europe came to canada to be trained in a safe environment.

157
Q

what happened during phase 2 of ww2?

A
  • Germans attacked Russia even though they agreed not to.
  • japan also attacked the U.S. which also took the war in a new direction.
  • following the attack on pearl harbour, america was drawn into the war
  • the americans defeated japan in the battle of midway in the pacific
  • with the americans joining the european campaign and the defeat of Germany by russia at staningrad, the war took a change
  • for the germans the second phase of the war is where it started to go down hill.
158
Q

what was canada’s contribution to phase 2?

A
  • Canada’s navy was now showing success in battles on the Atlantic Ocean.
  • canada continued to supply material to Europe by the merchant marine.
  • the canadian army became actively involved, fighting alongside the british in Europe and the pacific.
  • some still questioned wether Canada should be actively involved in the war.
159
Q

what were two major losses for canada during ww2?

A

the battle of Hong Kong and the battle of dieppe.

160
Q

what happened during phase 3 of the war?

A
  • the success of the allied forces became more noticeable.
  • the allies were now on the offensive.
  • the japanese were forced out of the Philippines, and the germans were retreating from russia.
  • ongoing bombing of Germany increased by the allies.
  • victory was starting to show
161
Q

what was operation overlord?

A

it was the codename for the invasion of france on D-Day.

162
Q

what happened during phase 4 of the war?

A
  • the allied forces attacked the germans in france on D-Day
  • the germans now had to defend on two fronts, against the allies in Eastern Europe, and against russia on the western front.
  • the u.s. was also showing signs of great success against japan.
  • as the war came to an end with the very successful contributions by the canadians, some stayed to defend ares in Europe.
  • shortly after the war in Europe ended it came to a screaming halt in japan because of the use of nuclear weapons.
163
Q

what was the holocaust?

A

it was the nazi’s process of trying to rid the world of all those groups of people who they thought were inferior

  • during this time as many as 6million people were executed during this time.
  • those targeted included; jews, gypsies, slavs, physically and mentally challenged and the homosexuals.
  • these people wer tortured, starved, shot, worked to death, or gassed.

Social Studies 9 (1 decks)

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