Exam Flashcards

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0
Q

The exaggeration in the strength and during of anticipated emotional reactions is called..

A

Impact bias

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1
Q

Affective forecasting is

A

“Affective forecasting” is people consistently overestimate both positive and negative events.

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2
Q

One reason for impact bias seems to be - we narrow our attention to one single event this is called…

A

Focalism

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3
Q

Another reason for impact bias is immune neglect this happens when

A

When people do not consider their own resilience.

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4
Q

What occurs when we make a summary judgement about and entire object or issue and why?

A

“Focusing illusion” occurs because we make a summary judgement, focusing on just a few features.

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5
Q

In dunne et al 2003 what effect did location of the dorms have? .

A

Isolation effect.Which is really part of focusing illusion

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6
Q

What can you say about different ages “satisfaction with life”

A

They are roughly the same 80%

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7
Q

What have researchers found about mid life crisis

A

It’s a myth

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8
Q

What is meant by a set point

A

A set point - is like a internal gyroscope that stabilises our response to things that put us off balance.

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9
Q

Name to types of positive affect

A

Pleasant effect - examples are feeling satisfied, content and happy

Positive involvement - requires more effort is often other-oriented and on the activity - rather than the goal.

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10
Q

Is there a difference in gender happiness?

A

No

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11
Q

Which gender is more likely to suffer “internalising disorders” such as depression and anxiety and what age is the early onset

A

Women are more likely to suffer internalising disorders, with mood disorder in young girls between 11-15.

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12
Q

Which gender is more likely to display externalising disorders such as aggression?

A

Men with an early onset in boys similar to girls.

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13
Q

Selection effect and marriage basically means

A

People who marry are generally happier even before they got married. So happy people marrying happy people - “give me a break”

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14
Q

Hedonic levelling involves Means something

A

Read it on page 162

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15
Q

Are there any measurable health be fits to religion

A

Yes a longer life and less cardiovascular disease.

16
Q

Define resilience …

A

Good outcomes in-spite of serious threats to adaptation or development.

AND/OR

maintenance,recovery or improvement in mental or physical health following challenge

17
Q

Resilient responses are quite common and have been referred to as

A

Ordinary magic

18
Q

Recovery is judged by mental health professionals as lasting at least …..

A

6 months

19
Q

Read page 67 on negative effects of trauma

A

What did you think?

20
Q

An example of imprinting is..

A

Lorenz’s goslings, “I know I have an instinct to follow,I know I’m supposed to get in a single file, and I know something about the releaser - it’s my mothers when she departs. But what does she look like.” This the gosling acquires when they’re born and follow the first moving object.

21
Q

Lorenz claimed that imprinting occurs during a “critical period” during the early stages of life other researchers said that cab be extended and called it a…..

A

Sensitive period.

22
Q

When does the critical or sensitive period end?

A

With the onset of the fear response

23
Q

What is ethology

A

A field of biology that studies animal behaviour from an evolutionary perspective. Lorenz goslings

24
Q

What are ethnologists convinced of when it comes to studying an animals behaviour

A

Needs to be in their natural setting

25
Q

Bernard Ress(195) showed that rats deprived of sticks…

A

Failed to show nest building instinct

26
Q

Name two attachment behaviours demonstrated by babies to young to crawl

A

Crying and smiling

27
Q

At what point does a babies smile become selective.

A

About 3 months same with babbling

28
Q

The moral reflex is…

A

When a baby is startles it exhibits an embracing action

29
Q

Babies become more selective from

A

Between 3-6 months more selective and smiling cooing for up to three people but mainly one.

30
Q

What period do Dozier and Rutter(2008) feel is the sensitive period with babies

A

About six months the same time fear response appears.

31
Q

Name three stages of separation for a child

A

Protest,despair and detachment

32
Q

Name the three types of children in the “Strange situation” experiment done by ainsworth

A

Securely attached infants - 65% balanced mum

Insecure - avoidant infants - couldn’t count on mum

Insecure - ambivalent infants - inconsistent mum

33
Q

Describe a Eysenck’s Neurotic introvert…

A

A melancholic or moody and anxious type, prone to metal disorders.

34
Q

Describe a Eysenck’s Neurotic extrovert…

A

A choleric or restless and aggressive type prone to criminality.

35
Q

Describe a Eysenck’s stable introvert…

A

A phlegmatic or peaceful, controlled and reliable type

36
Q

Describe a Eysenck’s Stable extrovert…..

A

A sanguine or optimistic, outgoing and responsive type….